Daddy Darby
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Daddy Darby
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Business in Britain and Ireland
Railways in Britain
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Business in Britain and Ireland
Railways in Britain
Abraham Darby I (1678 - 1717) was the son of a farmer and locksmith, from Staffordshire, England. He was apprenticed to Jonathan Freeth, who made malt mills (for brewing beer). In 1699 he married Mary Sergeant and moved to Bristol, where he set up his own malt mill business. However he soon shifted to brass casting and joined other Quakers to found the Bristol Brass Company.
Darby clearly had an inquiring and inventive mind, and his interest in metals didn’t stop at brass. Dutch craftsmen were using cast iron to make hollowware (pots and pans) and he went to the Netherlands in 1704 to study their methods. He set up a small ironworks and he and fellow Quaker John Thomas began to experiment with different (and cheaper) ways of making cast iron hollowware. In1707 they patented their innovative sand casting method: now they could produce cast iron hollowware at a fraction of the cost of their Dutch counterparts.
In 1709 Abraham Darby I moved to Coalbrookdale in Shropshire, on the Welsh border, where all the raw materials he needed were close at hand. He took over the derelict furnace there, and rebuilt it. He started to experiment again, this time with fuel. Soon they were using coking coal instead of charcoal to smelt the iron: coking coal was plentiful, had fewer impurities, and produced a better quality of metal, so it was a vast improvement. Although not the first coke fired furnace in Europe it was the first to remain productive for several years. This change of fuel was a major breakthrough and the consequent mass production of iron certainly helped accelerate the industrial revolution.
Abraham Darby I died in 1717 when his son Abraham Darby II (1711–1763) was only six. His mother Mary partnered with fellow Quakers Thomas Goldney and her son-in-law Richard Ford, to form the first Coalbrookdale Company. Mary died a year later so Richard Ford protected the interests of young Abraham until he could join the company in 1732.
Abraham Darby II was an innovator like his father. Within ten years he had solved the problem of water supply for the furnace by introducing a steam engine to recycle used water. His initiative enabled the company to expand through taking leases on other furnaces in the area. After Ford’s death in 1745 Abraham II took over the management of the firm. Until then, their packhorses had been hauling vast quantities of iron and coal along wooden rails and in trucks with wooden wheels. Abraham II soon introduced iron wheels, which lasted much longer. In 1757 another Quaker, Richard Reynolds of Bristol, (who later married Darby’s daughter Hannah) was taken into partnership. Reynolds helped Abraham II with his expansion plans and in 1767 made a key innovation himself. He replaced the wooden rails, which soon wore out, with longer-lasting cast iron ones. Sixty years later, when the Stockton and Darlington railway was launched, they had steam engines instead of packhorses, and carried passengers as well as freight, but the rails and wheels were still made of iron and have continued to be so to the present day.
Abraham Darby III (1750 – 1789) was only thirteen when his father died in 1763, so Reynolds took control. Abraham joined the firm in 1768.
All three Darbys, and Richard Reynolds, were good employers. Coalbrookedale had a school, workers’ cottages, and lovely country walks. The ironworks paid higher wages than the local potteries or mining. In times of food shortage Abraham III bought up farms and grew food for his workers.
The 1770s was a period of expansion for Coalbrookdale, and a bridge across the river Severn was badly needed. Shares were issued to raise the £3,200 required to build the world’s first cast iron bridge, using an innovative arch design, and Darby agreed to fund any overspend. Although it had been predicted that 300 tons of iron would be needed (costing £7 a ton), 379 tons were eventually used. This and other cost overruns amounted to nearly £3000 over and above what had been anticipated. Darby bore most of the cost over-run, and was in debt for the rest of his short life.
The bridge was completed in 1781 and made Coalbrookdale famous. The village of Ironbridge sprang up and the area became known as Ironbridge Gorge. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, described as the cradle of the Industrial Revolution. The bridge and some Darby cottages still remain.
Reynolds returned to Bristol in 1804 and became a great philanthropist and benefactor.
The photograph of the Iron Bridge is in the public domain
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People.com TV Real Housewives of Potomac 's Ashley Darby Meets Dad Who She Says Abandoned Her at 1 Year Old
"What I'm just really looking for from this is just some sort of acknowledgement," Ashley Darby said about meeting her father on Sunday's episode of The Real Housewives of Potomac
By Dave Quinn August 04, 2019 09:00 PM
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Real Housewives of Potomac 's Ashley Darby Meets Dad Who She Says Abandoned Her at 1 Year Old
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Ashley Darby took an emotional trip to Atlanta, Georgia, on Sunday’s episode of The Real Housewives of Potomac to tie up a loose end from her past.
The reality star visited her father, who she says left her family after divorcing her mom 30 years ago.
It was the first time Darby, 31, had met her father as an adult. She was 1 year old when her father left; he remarried and had more kids.
About five years ago, the former Oz Restaurant and Bar owner attempted to contact her father on Facebook, asking if the two could connect. She said he blocked her.
“It was really hurtful,” Darby recalled. “And yet even still, I have this nagging desire to find my dad.”
“When I sit with myself, I think about my life and who I am and all that. I think about my dad a lot,” she added. “I have never known my dad … I’m tired of thinking about it. I need it for myself. I need to close this chapter of my life to look to the future.”
She continued: “This is something I’ve been thinking about a long time, reconnecting with my other side of my family. So what’s stopping me? As I’m trying to embark on starting a family, I’m thinking about my kid and what my kid will ask. They will want to know about their grandparents and their aunts and uncles. I feel like it’s a responsibility of mine to foster those relationship.” (She and her husband Michael welcomed their first child , a son named Dean, on July 7.)
Her mother, Sheila Matthews, joined her journey, along with her father’s sister and brother-in-law, Aunt Sheila and Uncle Jim.
This was also the first time Darby had seen her Aunt Sheila and Uncle Jim in 12 years, though they had remained in contact over the phone. Darby said they were the only two people on her dad’s side of the family with whom she still had correspondence.
“Even if I haven’t been able to have a close relationship with my dad, the fact that my aunt and uncle still make an effort to want to talk to me and show me that they care about me? That warms my heart,” Darby said.
Aunt Sheila and Uncle Jim’s relationship with Darby’s dad is rocky as well. On Sunday’s RHOP , they revealed they hadn’t spoken to him in eight years.
“I’ve attempted to try, but nothing has happened,” Sheila said. “Dad has not spoken to me since 2011. I really don’t know.” ”
“I have mixed feelings about you going to see your dad,” Jim told Darby. “I think your mom did absolutely the right thing, keeping you away from him. 20 years ago, he had a lot of demons running around inside of him. … I hope I’m 100 percent wrong.”
“My husband says the same thing. He does not think this is a good idea,” Darby said. “Honestly, what I’m just really looking for from this is just some sort of acknowledgement. Just to see his face.’ Cause everyone says we have the same face shape.”
“At this point in my life, I feel like I owe it to myself to make that effort and see what kind of response I get,” she added, admitting that while she was “scared,” she felt empowered. “Before, what would hold me back is this fear that he will reject me. But it’s not so scary that I couldn’t get on the plane.
Despite their reservations, Darby had the support of her entire family, including her mom.
“All I know is I am looking for my daughter to finally having some form of closure in my life,” Matthews said.
All four then travelled to the man’s household to knock on his door. Despite her pain, Darby went into the meeting with compassion for her father.
“When I put myself in my dad’s shoes, I think the shame of having abandoned me is too much for him to bare,” she said. “He can’t confront it. But I’m hoping that my dad will feel a little more comfortable having Uncle Jim and Aunt Sheila there. Maybe he’ll be more receptive to having a conversation?”
Fans will have to wait until next week’s RHOP to see their conversation, as Sunday’s episode cut off right as Darby approached her father’s front door.
However, sneak previews show the two did come face to face — with Darby telling him “Hi,” after Sheila said, “This is your daughter, Ashley.”
“Oh my god,” Matthews said in the preview. “There’s your father.”
The Real Housewives of Potomac airs Sundays (8 p.m. ET) on Bravo.
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