D Hole

D Hole

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Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, Whistling dog, Red wolf, Red dog, Mountain wolf

The dhole is a canine of average size. It is different from other dog family members with its thicker muzzle, one fewer molar tooth in its lower jaw on each side, and extra teats. Its fur is thick and dense, with the color ranging from pale golden yellow to dark reddish-brown to grayish brown. The dhole’s underparts, such as its throat, chest, belly, the insides of its legs, and its paws, are paler or white. Its eyes are amber-colored. Its rounded ears have paler or white fur, and its bushy tail has a tip of a darker color, mostly black. On its back, there is often a patch of darker fur. In general, dholes that live in northern regions have lighter and longer fur than those in southern regions.
Diurnal animals are active during the daytime, with a period of sleeping or other inactivity at night. The timing of activity by an animal depends ...
An omnivore is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and ani...
Predators are animals that kill and eat other organisms, their prey. Predators may actively search for or pursue prey or wait for it, often conceal...
A mesopredator is a medium-sized predator in the middle of a trophic level, which typically preys on smaller animals. When populations of apex pred...
A hypercarnivore is an animal that has a diet that is more than 70% meat, with the balance consisting of non-animal foods such as fungi, fruits, or...
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g., cats, ants, snails), as compared with aquatic animals, which liv...
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to create a space suitable for habitation, temporary refuge, or as a byproduct ...
Pursuit predation is a form of predation in which predators actively give chase to their prey, either solitarily or as a group. Pursuit predators r...
A pack hunter or social predator is a predatory animal that hunts its prey by working together with other members of its species. Normally animals ...
A cursorial organism is one that is adapted specifically to run. An animal can be considered cursorial if it has the ability to run fast (e.g. chee...
Altricial animals are those species whose newly hatched or born young are relatively immobile. They lack hair or down, are not able to obtain food ...
Among animals, viviparity is the development of the embryo inside the body of the parent. The term 'viviparity' and its adjective form 'viviparous'...
A territory is a sociographical area that which an animal consistently defends against the conspecific competition (or, occasionally, against anima...
Nomadic animals regularly move to and from the same areas within a well-defined range. Most animals travel in groups in search of better territorie...
A mesopredator is a medium-sized predator in the middle of a trophic level, which typically preys on smaller animals. When populations of apex pred...
A pack hunter or social predator is a predatory animal that hunts its prey by working together with other members of its species. Normally animals ...
Monogamy is a form of relationship in which both the male and the female has only one partner. This pair may cohabitate in an area or territory for...
Social animals are those animals that interact highly with other animals, usually of their own species (conspecifics), to the point of having a rec...
A dominance hierarchy (formerly and colloquially called a pecking order) is a type of social hierarchy that arises when members of animal social gr...
Highly social animals are those which are highly interactive with other members of their species. They live in large groups, nest in colonies, and ...
Animals that do not make seasonal movements and stay in their native home ranges all year round are called not migrants or residents.
The dhole is an animal native to Central Asia, and South and Southeast Asia. Its range spreads from the Altai Mountains in Manchuria southwards through the forested areas of Burma, India and the Malayan Archipelago. The dhole likes open spaces and is often found on jungle roads, jungle clearings, river beds, and paths, resting during the day. They also inhabit dense forest steppes, hills and thick jungles on the plains.
Dholes live in hierarchical packs numbering 5 to 12 individuals, consisting of a dominant female, a dominant male, and their offspring. Generally, a pack has more males than females, and usually, each pack has only one breeding female. Packs sometimes join up to form groups with up to 40 animals. They carry out cooperative group hunting and look after the young as a group. Despite packs being hierarchical, the members are hardly ever aggressive towards each other. Dholes are primarily diurnal hunters, hunting in the early hours of the morning. They rarely hunt nocturnally, except on moonlit nights, indicating they greatly rely on sight when hunting. Although not as fast as jackals and foxes, they can chase their prey for many hours. During a pursuit, one or more dholes may take over chasing their prey, while the rest of the pack keeps up at a steadier pace behind, taking over once the other group tires. Dholes like being near water. After meals they rush to a water site, or sometimes will leave their kill for a quick drink of water nearby. They have been seen sitting in shallow pools, whatever the temperature of the water.
Dholes are omnivores; packs feast on mammals, anything from rodents to deer and including wild pigs, wild goats, hares, sheep, and monkeys. They can also eat insects, lizards. Dholes eat fruit and vegetable matter more readily than other canids. In captivity, they eat various kinds of grasses, herbs, and leaves, seemingly for pleasure rather than just when ill.
Each pack contains a dominant monogamous pair, which mates for life. The mating season takes place from September to February. After a gestation period of 60 to 63 days, each female dhole gives birth to typically 3-4 but occasionally up to 10 altricial (helpless) pups. Births take place in a den. Dens may be shared with other breeding females. Pack members help to take care of mothers and their litters, bringing them food (in the form of regurgitated meat) and guarding the dens. The pups begin to explore the area outside the den at 10 weeks of age and start hunting with the pack when they are 6-7 months old. Pups play and fight with each other. Dominance orders are usually established among a pack’s pups by the time they begin hunting with the pack. They are weaned by the time they are 2 months old and they reach reproductive maturity at 1 year old.
The main threat to the Dhole is habitat loss and its degradation. Deforestation has taken place throughout its habitat range as a result of logging, gathering of wood for fuel, expansion of agriculture, and the spread of human settlements. Another important threat is a disease, particularly in India, from domestic and feral dogs. The dhole has also been hunted and persecuted by humans. People have destroyed their den sites and also poisoned, trapped, and shot them for food, for fur, for being a threat to livestock, and because some hunters view them as a competitor.
According to the IUCN Red List, the total population size of the dhole is approximately 4,500-10,500 individuals, of which only 949-2,215 are mature individuals. Currently, this species is classified as Endangered (EN) and its numbers today are decreasing.
Dholes are hyper-carnivores and so are a keystone species in Asian ecosystems. They are hunters and eat larger numbers of prey than any other of the large carnivores in Asia. Consequently, the animals likely have a bigger impact on prey numbers and trophic cascades than any other large carnivore in Asia.

CLASS: Mammalia (Mammals)
ORDER: Carnivora
FAMILY: Canidae
GENUS: Cuon
SPECIES: alpinus
SUBSPECIES: 10

More Animals & Plants from San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park

© 2022 San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Dholes are dogs! The dhole (pronounced "dole") is also known as the Asiatic wild dog, red dog, and whistling dog. It is about the size of a German shepherd but looks more like a long-legged fox. This highly elusive and skilled jumper is classified with wolves, coyotes, jackals, and foxes in the taxonomic family Canidae.
Dholes are unusual dogs for a number of reasons. They don’t fit neatly into any of the dog subfamilies (wolf and fox, for instance). Dholes have only two molars on each side of their lower jaw, instead of three, and have a relatively shorter jaw than their doggie counterparts. Also, female dholes have more teats than other canid species and can produce up to 12 pups per litter.
Dholes are incredibly athletic. They are fast runners, excellent swimmers, and impressive jumpers. These skills are critical when the pack is hunting. In some protected areas, they share habitat with tigers and leopards.
Found in eastern and southern Asia, from Siberia in the north to the Malay Peninsula in the south, dholes occupy a wide variety of climates and habitats, including dense forests, scrub, steppes, and alpine regions. They vary in color from charcoal gray to rust red to sandy beige, depending on their habitat. Their tail is brushy and fox-like, often with a black tip. These wild dogs usually have a white belly, chest, and feet, but not always.
Adult dholes have a long tail and rounded ears, and the males tend to be larger and heavier than the females. Dholes are also very good at adapting to their surroundings, like most dog species. They maintain a very large territory—up to 34 square miles (88 square kilometers)!
Dholes are incredibly athletic. They are fast runners, excellent swimmers, and impressive jumpers. These skills are critical when the pack is hunting. In some protected areas, they share habitat with tigers and leopards.
Dholes are great communicators and use an eerie whistle to communicate with each other. They also use a variety of other noises, including clucks and high-pitched screams that are not found anywhere else in the canid families. One of the reasons dholes keep such a large home range is the need to find enough prey to eat. Dhole packs often hunt as a group, with one lead dog in charge.
The dholes use these sounds when hunting together. Such communication helps them take down prey many times their own body weight. They then swallow the meat in large chunks and actually carry it back to pack members that way! Like other dogs, dholes use their keen sense of smell to track prey. They have even been seen chasing their prey into water to help slow it down.
Dholes prey on hoofed mammals—in India, they eat deer, wild pigs, buffalo, and wild goats. In Southeast Asia, dholes feed on deer, gaur, and banteng, and in Siberia, they eat deer, wild sheep, and reindeer. Dholes also eat berries, bugs, lizards, and rabbits and can hunt well on their own if needed.
At the San Diego Zoo Safari Park, the dholes are fed a ground meat diet made for zoo carnivores, bones to chew on twice a week, and thawed rabbits once a week.
Dholes, like other dogs, are social and live in a group called a pack. Just like dogs you may know, dholes happily wag their tails at one another in greeting! The pack works together to feed and care for itself. Each pack has 5 to 12 members, but its members also work or play with dholes from outside of their own pack.
Sometimes dhole packs get together to form super packs of up to 30 or more animals. They hunt together, share their prey, and then separate again into the original smaller groups. Inter-pack aggression is rare, perhaps because neighboring packs tend to be related to one another. Dhole packs live in burrows with multiple entrances.
Dholes are similar to painted dogs: there is one dominant monogamous pair, and the entire pack contributes to the care and feeding of that pair’s pups. This is called cooperative breeding. Breeding season in November and December includes two weeks of courting and two weeks of breeding.
Other pack members bring food to the nursing mother and pups by regurgitating it from their stomach after a hunt. Once the pups are old enough to join the main pack, they are allowed first dibs on the kills. When the pups reach about three years of age, the females head off to live with other packs. This results in an unusual and skewed male/female mix in dhole packs: sometimes there is only one female in a pack full of males!
The highly social and cooperative dhole suffers greatly from habitat loss and fragmentation. Disease and human conflict threaten dholes, which are now listed as an endangered species. Their supply of prey is also running out in several areas. Dholes can easily catch diseases like distemper and rabies from domestic dogs brought by humans moving into the wild dogs’ habitat. In some places, dholes are trapped and poisoned, and their dens destroyed, because they are viewed as dangerous pests.
The primary threat for dholes, though, is habitat loss. As dholes lose places to live and reproduce, so do their prey. If there is nowhere safe to live and nothing to eat, then the dhole will slowly die out. It was estimated in 2008 that there were less than 2,500 adult dholes in the wilderness.
Skittish, high-strung, and sensitive, dholes are tricky to breed and maintain in zoos. There are only three facilities in the US that have them. The Minnesota Zoo, The Wilds in Ohio, and the San Diego Zoo Safari Park are the only North American facilities that have breeding pairs. The Safari Park has the largest pack of dholes in managed care in the US as part of our long-range conservation efforts.
San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance funds and supports dhole conservation efforts in southern Asia for this handsome hunter. We are also involved in a detailed study aimed at increasing our understanding of vocal communication in dholes, the whistling hunters of the wilderness!
By supporting San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, you are our ally in saving and protecting wildlife worldwide.
About 10 years in the wild; up to 16 years in zoos
Number of young at birth: 3 to 4 is common; up to 12 possible
Age of maturity: Fully grown at 1 year; sexually mature at about 3 years old
Length: About 3 feet (almost 1 meter)
Height: 20 inches (50 centimeters) at shoulder
Weight: Females, 22 to 29 pounds ( 10 to 13 kilograms): males, 33 to 44 pounds (15 to 20 kilograms)
Tail length: 15 to 18 inches (40 to 45 centimeters)
The dhole makes some extraordinary sounds: it can whistle, scream, mew, and even cluck like a chicken.
The whistling sound the dhole is known for is so distinct, it can be used to identify individual animals.
A dhole can jump over 7 feet (2.1 meters) straight up into the air.
When hunting as a pack, dholes can catch prey over 10 times their own body weight and can even fend off a tiger.

Short for doughnut hole . Calling someone a D hole means that they are often trying to fit in and actually do so pretty well. But, they are usually forgotten about because they are just recycled . Doughnut holes tastes the same as a big donut but will usually be lesser because they are small and recycled like trash. It's like saying someone just blends in perfectly and isn't unique at all. However, calling them a dd hole is sort of a complement because Dunkin' Donuts holes are actually recycled holes themselves so they're easier to spot.
Matt: Is that Sadie back there making doughnuts ?
Alex: I can't really tell because she's a d hole .
Sadie: What? I'm a dd hole.

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