Cruelality

Cruelality
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"Cruel" redirects here. For other meanings, see Cruel (disambiguation) .
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^ "Definition of CRUEL" . www.merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 2019-03-17 .

^ Jump up to: a b c "Cruelty Quotes" . BrainyQuote . Retrieved 2013-08-18 .

^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Barrozo, Paulo (2015). "Cruelty in Criminal Law: Four Conceptions" . Crim. L. Bulletin . 51 (5): 1025–1073. SSRN 2663837 .

^ "Cruelty" . Law.com . Retrieved July 12, 2012 .

^ "Cruelty to animals" . Law.com . Retrieved July 12, 2012 .

^ "Animal Cruelty Law & Legal Definition" . USLegal.com . Retrieved July 12, 2012 .

^ "Cruel and Inhuman Treatment Law & Legal Definition" . USLegal.com . Retrieved July 12, 2012 .

^ The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language , Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

^ "cruelty: definition of cruelty in Oxford dictionary (British & World English)" . Oxforddictionaries.com. 2013-08-13 . Retrieved 2013-08-18 .

^ The Myth Of Evil: Demonizing The Enemy, Phillip Cole, 1st january 2006

Look up cruelty in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Cruelty .
Cruelty is the pleasure in inflicting suffering or inaction towards another's suffering when a clear remedy is readily available. [1] Sadism can also be related to this form of action or concept. Cruel ways of inflicting suffering may involve violence , but affirmative violence is not necessary for an act to be cruel. For example, if a person is drowning and begging for help and another person is able to help with no cost or risk, but is merely watching with disinterest or perhaps mischievous amusement, that person is being cruel—rather than violent.

George Eliot stated that "cruelty, like every other vice , requires no motive outside itself; it only requires opportunity." [2] Bertrand Russell stated that "the infliction of cruelty with a good conscience is a delight to moralists. That is why they invented Hell." [2] Gilbert K. Chesterton stated that "cruelty is, perhaps, the worst kind of sin. Intellectual cruelty is certainly the worst kind of cruelty." [2]

The word has metaphorical uses, for example, " The cliffs remained cruel." (i.e., unclimbable when they desperately needed to be climbed) in The Lord of the Rings .

There are four distinct conceptions of cruelty. “The differences between these conceptions of cruelty rest on the types of agency, victimization, causality, and values that they employ.” [3]

The first is the agent-objective conception, which is “exemplified by […] agency that goes above in degree and beyond in type the [suffering] allowed by applicable norms.” [3] Under this conception, the victim suffered cruelty in light of “the objective character of the act or treatment” she was subjected to. Cruelty, in this sense, is defined as an “inclination of the mind toward the side of harshness”. [3] Any punishment or other treatment that surpasses the scope of sufficiency and ventures into possibility is classified as excessive, and therefore, cruel.

The second conception is agent-subjective, in which “cruelty obtains only when the agent's deviant behavior is accompanied by the fault of character consisting in deriving personal delight from causing and witnessing suffering”. [3] This conception is best understood under the presumption that punishment or other violence is a means to restore the offset in the cosmic order of the universe caused by wrongdoing. Anything that goes beyond what is necessary for this restoration, then, is cruel; the peace and harmony is not balanced with excessive punishment or violence—the scale of wrongdoing merely tips to the other side. For example, the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment, which means that we must “inquire into a prison official’s state of mind […]” when determining that the agent is not taking pleasure in inflicting pain and that punishment does not exceed the crime. [3]

The third conception is victim-subjective, in which the “element of cruelty rests in the victim's intense experience of suffering”. [3] Here, the pain or the sense of degradation and humiliation experienced particularly and uniquely by the victim is considered. Recognizing cruelty, then, requires reference to our compassion rather than some normative standard of reasonableness. Continuing with the example of punishment, the state’s intention is not relevant in determining whether a punishment is cruel. According to the law, “ill-treatment must attain a minimum level of severity”, and this minimum is determined by “all the circumstances of the case, such as the duration of the treatment, its physical or mental effects and, in some cases, the sex, age, and state of health of the victim, etc.” [3]

The fourth and final conception is the accumulation of all the prior conceptions: the victim-objective and agent-independent. This conception “refers to severe violations of the respect, recognition, and care that the unconditional and inherent dignity of each and every individual command”. [3] Under this view, “cruelty occurs when a grave violation of human dignity that in normal circumstances would amount to cruelty is caused by individuals or by the operation of impersonal institutions, structures or social processes, even if the victim is unaware of his predicament”. [3]

Beyond serving as an analytical framework, these four conceptions—the distinctive features of each as well as their collective evolution—reflect the reality that “the phenomenon of cruelty […] is a human-made problem that calls for preventive and corrective responses”. [3]

The term cruelty is often used in law and criminology with regard to the treatment of animals, children, spouses, and prisoners. [4] When cruelty to animals is discussed, it often refers to unnecessary suffering. In criminal law , it refers to punishment , torture , victimization , draconian measures , and cruel and unusual punishment . [5] [6] In divorce cases, many jurisdictions permit a cause of action for cruel and inhumane treatment . [7]

In law, cruelty is "the infliction of physical or mental distress, especially when considered a determinant in granting a divorce." [8]

The term comes from Middle English, via the Old French term "crualte", which is based on Latin "crudelitas", from "crudelis". [9]

One criticism of the concept of cruelty points at the concept of conflating disregard for others with hurting others for its own sake, arguing that the two are mutually exclusive as total disregard for what another being feels (be it a human or non-human) would be incompatible with deriving pleasure from hurting that being for its own sake since caring about inflicting suffering would be incompatible with not caring. [10]

Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.
Shh! Pay Attention Before This Silent Letters Quiz Sneaks By
He didn’t want to see any more suffering, injustice and cruelty .
Faced with the cruelty of slavery, those who had escaped it began seeking support abroad.
I guess I just felt like I was worth something, like all the pain and cruelty wasn’t what was real.
Mistreatment ranged, much as it did in the United States, from individual acts of cruelty to systemic oppression.
Plus, for each journal purchased a percentage of the profit is donated to a non-profit organization in Zambia that promotes the prevention of child cruelty .
Her pulse was beneath his fingers, and with every stroke of it he felt more keenly the mystery and cruelty of life.
Say that my anger has no bounds—that my heart is breaking—will break and kill me, if he persists in his ingratitude and cruelty .
I could find in the Bible more instances of Jahweh's cruelty and barbarity and lack of mercy than I can find room for.
He loathed himself for submitting to her cruelty , for it was intentional cruelty —she made him writhe and suffer of set purpose.
The cruelty hidden in the beautiful lines of his mouth took instant prominence in the smile that flickered round it.
barbarism noun crudity, savagery, especially in speech
Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright © 2013 by the Philip Lief Group.
See how your sentence looks with different synonyms.

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21-6412. Cruelty to animals. (a) Cruelty to animals is:
(1) Knowingly and maliciously killing, injuring, maiming, torturing, burning or mutilating any animal;
(2) knowingly abandoning any animal in any place without making provisions for its proper care;
(3) having physical custody of any animal and knowingly failing to provide such food, potable water, protection from the elements, opportunity for exercise and other care as is needed for the health or well-being of such kind of animal;
(4) intentionally using a wire, pole, stick, rope or any other object to cause an equine to lose its balance or fall, for the purpose of sport or entertainment;
(5) knowingly but not maliciously killing or injuring any animal; or
(6) knowingly and maliciously administering any poison to any domestic animal.
(b) Cruelty to animals as defined in:
(1) Subsection (a)(1) or (a)(6) is a nonperson felony. Upon conviction of subsection (a)(1) or (a)(6), a person shall be sentenced to not less than 30 days or more than one year's imprisonment and be fined not less than $500 nor more than $5,000. The person convicted shall not be eligible for release on probation, suspension or reduction of sentence or parole until the person has served the minimum mandatory sentence as provided herein. During the mandatory 30 days imprisonment, such offender shall have a psychological evaluation prepared for the court to assist the court in determining conditions of probation. Such conditions shall include, but not be limited to, the completion of an anger management program; and
(2) subsection (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4) or (a)(5) is a:
(A) Class A nonperson misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection (b)(2)(B); and
(B) nonperson felony upon the second or subsequent conviction of cruelty to animals as defined in subsection (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4) or (a)(5). Upon such conviction, a person shall be sentenced to not less than five days or more than one year's imprisonment and be fined not less than $500 nor more than $2,500. The person convicted shall not be eligible for release on probation, suspension or reduction of sentence or parole until the person has served the minimum mandatory sentence as provided herein.
(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to:
(1) Normal or accepted veterinary practices;
(2) bona fide experiments carried on by commonly recognized research facilities;
(3) killing, attempting to kill, trapping, catching or taking of any animal in accordance with the provisions of chapter 32 or chapter 47 of the Kansas Statutes Annotated, and amendments thereto;
(4) rodeo practices accepted by the rodeo cowboys' association;
(5) the humane killing of an animal which is diseased or disabled beyond recovery for any useful purpose, or the humane killing of animals for population control, by the owner thereof or the agent of such owner residing outside of a city or the owner thereof within a city if no animal shelter, pound or licensed veterinarian is within the city, or by a licensed veterinarian at the request of the owner thereof, or by any officer or agent of an incorporated humane society, the operator of an animal shelter or pound, a local or state health officer or a licensed veterinarian three business days following the receipt of any such animal at such society, shelter or pound;
(6) with respect to farm animals, normal or accepted practices of animal husbandry, including the normal and accepted practices for the slaughter of such animals for food or by-products and the careful or thrifty management of one's herd or animals, including animal care practices common in the industry or region;
(7) the killing of any animal by any person at any time which may be found outside of the owned or rented property of the owner or custodian of such animal and which is found injuring or posing a threat to any person, farm animal or property;
(8) an animal control officer trained by a licensed veterinarian in the use of a tranquilizer gun, using such gun with the appropriate dosage for the size of the animal, when such animal is vicious or could not be captured after reasonable attempts using other methods;
(9) laying an equine down for medical or identification purposes;
(10) normal or accepted practices of pest control, as defined in subsection (x) of K.S.A. 2-2438a, and amendments thereto; or
(11) accepted practices of animal husbandry pursuant to regulations promulgated by the United States department of agriculture for domestic pet animals under the animal welfare act, public law 89-544, as amended and in effect on July 1, 2006.
(d) The provisions of subsection (a)(6) shall not apply to any person exposing poison upon their premises for the purpose of destroying wolves, coyotes or other predatory animals.
(e) Any public health officer, law enforcement officer, licensed veterinarian or officer or agent of any incorporated humane society, animal shelter or other appropriate facility may take into custody any animal, upon either private or public property, which clearly shows evidence of cruelty to animals. Such officer, agent or veterinarian may inspect, care for or treat such animal or place such animal in the care of a duly incorporated humane society or licensed veterinarian for treatment, boarding or other care or, if an officer of such humane society or such veterinarian determines that the animal appears to be diseased or disabled beyond recovery for any useful purpose, for humane killing. If the animal is placed in the care of an animal shelter, the animal shelter shall notify the owner or custodian, if known or reasonably ascertainable. If the owner or custodian is charged with a violation of this section, the board of county commissioners in the county where the animal was taken into custody shall establish and approve procedures whereby the animal shelter may petition the district court to be allowed to place the animal for adoption or euthanize the animal at any time after 21 days after the owner or custodian is notified or, if the owner or custodian is not known or reasonably ascertainable after 21 days after the animal is taken into custody, unless the owner or custodian of the animal files a renewable cash or performance bond with the county clerk of the county where the animal is being held, in an amount equal to not less than the cost of care and treatment of the animal for 30 days. Upon receiving such petition, the court shall determine whether the animal may be placed for adoption or euthanized. The board of county commissioners in the county where the animal was taken into custody shall review the cost of care and treatment being charged by the animal shelter maintaining the animal.
(f) The owner or custodian of an animal placed for adoption or killed pursuant to subsection (e) shall not be entitled to recover damages for the placement or killing of such animal unless the owner proves that such placement or killing was unwarranted.
(g) Expenses incurred for the care, treatment or boarding of any animal, taken into custody pursuant to subsection (e), pending prosecution of the owner or custodian of such animal for the crime of cruelty to animals, shall be assessed to the owner or custodian as a cost of the case if the owner or custodian is adjudicated guilty of such crime.
(h) If a person is adjudicated guilty of the crime of cruelty to animals, and the court having jurisdiction is satisfied that an animal owned or possessed by such person would be in the future subjected to such crime, such animal shall not be returned to or remain with such person. Such animal may be turned over to a duly incorporated humane society or licensed veterinarian for sale or other disposition.
(1) "Equine" means a hor
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