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Activities by an organized crime group involving the illegal entry, transit or residence of migrants for a financial or material benefit. The illicit trade and possession of species covered by CITES convention, and other species protected under national law. The poaching, illicit trade in and possession of species covered by CITES and other species protected by national law. Includes IUU fishing. The illicit extraction, smuggling, mingling, bunkering or mining of natural resources and the illicit trade of such commodities. The production, distribution and sale of heroin. Consumption of the drug is considered in determining the reach of the criminal market. The production, distribution and sale of cocaine and its derivatives. Consumption is considered in determining the reach of the market. The illicit cultivation, distribution and sale of cannabis oil, resin, herb or leaves. Consumption is used to determine the market's reach. The production, distribution and sale of synthetic drugs. Clearly defined organized crime groups that usually have a known name, defined leadership, territorial control and identifiable membership. Loose networks of criminal associates engaging in criminal activities who fail to meet the defining characteristics of mafia-style groups. Includes foreign nationals and diaspora groups. The State's role in responding to organized crime and its effectiveness. The degree to which states have put oversight mechanisms in place to ensure against state collusion in illicit activities. A country's supranational structures and processes of interaction, policy making and concrete implementation to respond to organized crime. The degree to which states are able to control their physical and cyber territory and infrastructure against organized criminal activities. Assistance provided to victims of various forms of organized crime, including initiatives such as witness protection programs. Refers to the existence of strategies, measures, resource allocation, programmes and processes that are aimed to inhibit organized crime. Costa Rica is increasingly a source and transit country for human trafficking involving labour and sex exploitation as well as organ trafficking. The trafficking market has grown in part due to tourist demand for sexual services, however, because of COVID, borders were closed, shutting down the tourism industry and possibly reducing demand. Importantly, corrupt officials have been implicated in human smuggling. Costa Rica is a significant transit country for arms heading both north and south, which are probably sourced from Panama or trafficked from Nicaragua and Colombia bylocal fishermen. The legal market also fuels the illegal arms trade, with cases of armouries, legally importing weapons from the US and Turkey, found to have links to arms trafficking groups. Thus, criminal organizations have easy access to firearms, evident in the high rates of firearm-related homicide. Costa Rica is an important source country for flora and fauna crimes. Timber, namely cocobolo,is trafficked to Asia, and Asian nationals reportedly hire local intermediaries to facilitate its extraction. Due to flexible customs controls, timber is packed with teak, and subsequently approved for extraction and exportation. As a result of its biodiversity, Costa Rica is a source country for live animals and animal parts, including turtles, iguanas, snakes, frogs, cat pelts, shark fins, butterflies, beetles, wasps and spiders. There is also easy access to animal-made products, such as shell bracelets, reptile-skin wallets and bird feathers. In some cases, animals are exported by commercial shipments. Tourists have also transported live snakes, frogs, lizards, hummingbirds and coatis through the airports. Within Costa Rica, there is a black market for turtle eggs, birds, monkeys and fish, which has grown over the course of in part due the COVID pandemic. The country has been a major supplierof shark fins to Hong Kong, Taiwan and some European countries, but since , legal exportation has been debated. There are also reports of shark carcasses being used to traffic cocaine to Mexico, another major shark meat recipient, enabled by corruption. Market-related violence has been recorded, and anenvironmentalist was killed in while trying to protect endangered turtle eggs. Illegal gold mining and associated mercury trafficking are reportedly increasing in Costa Rica. The extraction of gold at Las Crucitas mine was handled by a foreign firm until , but mining regulation changes resulted in the company's concession being revoked. In light of this, illegal miners started exploiting the remaining reserves. Illegal extraction commonly involves Nicaraguan operators, known for using rudimentary methods to expose gold with mercury. Costa Rican gold exports do not match production, and some export documents are falsified to enable gold trafficking by criminal networks, mainly to clients in the US. Colombian cocaine is trafficked through the country to the US and Europe, by sea, air and land routes. Initially, Costa Rican criminal structures mainly guarded drug shipments and were paid with drugs, but domestic groups now run trafficking operations. As a result, an increase in local consumption has been observed. Still, small local networks help transport and store the drugs, while certain Costa Rican groups often control different dealing spots throughout the country. Significantly, former security and police officials have been arrested for leading and facilitating drug trafficking networks. Similar to other Latin American states, Costa Rica has seen an increase in homicide rates related to drug trafficking. The cannabis market is sourced from domestic plants, mainly grown in mountainous indigenous areas, and by imports, known as High Red, from Jamaica. Costa Rican cannabis is of low quality and unlikely to be exported. While there is no significant market for heroin, Costa Rica is a destination market for small amounts of synthetic drugs imported from Asia and the US. Synthetic drug use is increasing, and the most commonly seized drugs are Ecstasy, LSD and K2, with ketamine also becoming increasingly popular. Other groups, however, use violence, with Los Moreco found in possession of AR15 rifles, grenades and ammunition. Loose criminal networks engage in drug dealing, human trafficking as well as environmental crime and contraband. Some of these loose structures also facilitate cocaine transportation, while others invest drug money in loan shark schemes. They tend to be widespread across the country with links to Colombia and Mexico. State-embedded actors do not appear to engage directly in organized crime in Costa Rica. Although assessed as less corrupt than counterparts in the region, there have been indications of ties of law enforcement officers to organized crime. Transnational criminal groups are known to work closely with local groups to traffic cocaine, cannabis and arms. Additionally, drug traffickers from other Central American countries, such as the Honduran Atlantic Cartel, have set up base in Costa Rica and used it as a hideout. Carlos Alvarado Quesada was elected president in on an anti-corruption and organized crime platform, but aside from proposals to strengthen the national police, and to restrict gun control, details around his campaign were vague. The government has since launched a prevention strategy for public security and carried out mega-operations to combat crime, which it claims have helped reduce the homicide rate and crimes against property. The minister of public security also announced the strengthening of border police cooperation with Panama through the Latin American Police Cooperation Centre. Additionally, authorities promised to use a sizeable donation from China to purchase telecommunications and protection equipment for public force officers. The government is perceived as fairly transparent and the country is among the more stable in the world. Costa Rica also appears to have a strong legal and institutional framework against corruption, including an office established in to fight public service corruption and to promote ethics and transparency. In response to an increase in corruption cases, the judicial investigations agency OIJ established an anti-corruption office. Furthermore, Costa Rica has made efforts to combat corruption and bribery as part of a drive to join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Costa Rica has signed and ratified a number of international instruments related to organized crime, drug and arms trafficking and environmental protection. The latter in particular has been working closely with the Costa Rican government to secure borders, seize drugs, establish a judicial wire intercept programme JWIP and further train police. Costa Rica also has a number of laws aimed at tackling organized crime, human and drug trafficking, and terrorism financing. In addition, the legislative assembly has created the special jurisdiction of organized crime, with competence to investigate and prosecute serious crimes committed by peopleof legal age, although implementation issues are reported. Prisons are overcrowded, primarily due to preventive detention, and the smuggling of cell phones or drugs by gangs in prisons is common. A system approved by the legislative assembly to block outgoing calls from prisons has yet to be installed because of COVID movement restrictions. The office of the public prosecutor determines the scope of investigations and the OIJ is responsible for criminal investigations. Additionally, the national police have a number of special units in charge of anti-narcotics operations, and although generally trusted, there have been cases of police involvement in drug trafficking. The borders, patrolled by the police border unit, are most affected by drug, arms and human trafficking as well as illegal mining and human smuggling. The air surveillance service has increased its capacity to control the country's airspace with additional radars and training, while the government expanded the use of the JWIP, resulting in more convictions for trafficking. In response to COVID, Costa Rica imposed restrictions on all foreign nationals entering the country, and enhanced police border presence. However, the border length and blind spots render effective border control difficult. Costa Rica remains an important money-laundering hub, despite its money laundering laws, a technical commission for implementing and monitoring the national strategy and mechanisms to freeze terrorist funds and to train judges, prosecutors and judicial investigators. Money is primarily laundered through the construction industry, financial institutions, casinos and currency exchange houses. In addition, a recent increase in money laundering activities is attributed to the drug trade. Foreign direct investment is high, and it has been a significant economic growth contributor. Historically, international drug trade organizations have used Costa Rican citizens to facilitate the laundering of criminal proceeds via banks as well as other legitimate businesses in the country. However, a private American business initiative, the Business Alliance for Secure Commerce, has been established to promote safer international trade. Not least of all, loan sharking and other extortion-related practices have reportedly been on the rise in Costa Rica, with private persons as well as both legal and illegal businesses affected by them. The two support mechanisms for victims and witnesses of crime are the victim and witness protection unit of the OIJ and the office of attention for crime victims of the public prosecution service. The latter also provides free and confidential protection to crime victims, as well as individual and group psychological care, social assistance, legal advice and referrals to social support networks and health care institutions. Costa Rica also has three main prevention programmes under the ministry of public security: a community security programme, a commercial security programme and a programme focused on the protection of children and adolescents. Most efforts to tackle organized crime are in collaboration with foreign governments or international organizations. Additionally, the Foundation for Peace and Democracy has been implementing a project to improve police capacity to prevent youth violence and criminal activity. Despite extremely high levels of media freedom, media ownership is concentrated in the hands of a limited number of people, limiting pluralism and diversity in the media landscape. Nevertheless, several international and private academic, advocacy and research institutes investigate security and organized crime related trends and issues. The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel. A series of 13 discussion papers, one for each illicit market considered during the development of the Index. We're constantly working to improve the Index. By participating in this survey, you will be providing us with insights and suggestions that will help us make the Index an even better resource. This report was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State. Capital San Jose. Income group Upper middle income. Population 5,, Geography type Coastal. Criminal markets 4. An assessment of the value, prevalence and non-monetary impacts of a specific crime type. Human trafficking 5. Human smuggling 5. Arms trafficking 5. Flora crimes 5. Fauna crimes 6. Non-renewable resource crimes 6. Heroin trade 1. Cocaine trade 7. Cannabis trade 4. Synthetic drug trade 3. Criminal actors 5. An assessment of the impact and influence of a specific criminal actor type on society. Mafia-style groups 6. Criminal networks 6. State-embedded actors 1. Foreign actors 6. Political leadership and governance 7. Government transparency and accountability 6. International cooperation 6. National policies and laws 6. A state's legal action and structures put in place to respond to organized crime. Judicial system and detention 5. Law enforcement 5. Territorial integrity 5. Anti-money laundering 4. Economic regulatory capacity 4. Victim and witness support 5. Prevention 5. Non-state actors 6. Analysis Download full profile english spanish. People Costa Rica is increasingly a source and transit country for human trafficking involving labour and sex exploitation as well as organ trafficking. Trade Costa Rica is a significant transit country for arms heading both north and south, which are probably sourced from Panama or trafficked from Nicaragua and Colombia bylocal fishermen. Environment Costa Rica is an important source country for flora and fauna crimes. Leadership and governance Carlos Alvarado Quesada was elected president in on an anti-corruption and organized crime platform, but aside from proposals to strengthen the national police, and to restrict gun control, details around his campaign were vague. Economic and financial environment Costa Rica remains an important money-laundering hub, despite its money laundering laws, a technical commission for implementing and monitoring the national strategy and mechanisms to freeze terrorist funds and to train judges, prosecutors and judicial investigators. Civil society and social protection The two support mechanisms for victims and witnesses of crime are the victim and witness protection unit of the OIJ and the office of attention for crime victims of the public prosecution service. Read the analysis Listen the podcasts View all events. Next Skip. How to measure organized crime? Read more on globalinitiative. Give us feedback We're constantly working to improve the Index.

Ecstasy Seizures in Costa Rica: Tourists and Youth Market Targeted by Gangs

Costa Rica buy MDMA pills

The consumption and illegal commercialization of other substances, such as fentanyl or tramadol, is, unfortunately, also common. The PCD also mentioned that ketamine is imported because, so far, no laboratory has been set up or disintegrated for manufacturing in the country. The prosecutor warned that these drugs are highly addictive and people should be extremely careful. However, other substances, such as the MDPV drug created in recent years, are times more addictive than fentanyl or heroin. Costa Rica is combating drug gangs to eradicate violence and crime. Nonetheless, the country must also focus on developing social policies to prevent drug addiction and raise awareness of the effects and consequences they can have on users. Facebook Instagram Twitter Youtube. Sign in. Forgot your password? Get help. Password recovery. No menu items! Tico Times Since Today in Costa Rica. By Ileana Fernandez. June 28, Courtesy Public Security Ministry. Ileana Fernandez. Weekly News Recap. Latest Articles. Tico Times. Facebook Facebook. Instagram Instagram. Twitter Twitter. Youtube Youtube.

Costa Rica buy MDMA pills