Core Investments
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- Research shows that investments in computing power and electricity over the past three years have amounted to about $150–200 billion, with a sharp rise in the last three months to $690 billion, including major projects such as Project Stargate (at $500 billion). Over the last three weeks, investments totaled around $5 billion, including the NEOM project in Saudi Arabia.
- By 2026, annual investments are likely to reach $300–400 billion, and by 2030 could exceed $500 billion, underscoring the growing role of AI.
- Computing power and electricity seem poised to become critically important to the economy, with data centers consuming a significant share of global electricity by 2030.
Context and Methodology
The analysis covers global investments beginning in 2022, focusing on projects worth $5 billion or more, including AI data centers and related infrastructure. Sources include reports from CBRE, CRN, Reuters, Data Center Knowledge, and others, using data current as of February 26, 2025.
Investments Over the Last Three Years (2022–2024)
There has been a significant increase in investments, reflecting growing demand for cloud services and AI. Key data points:
- China’s “Eastern Data, Western Computing” project: Total investment around $28 billion, including $6.1 billion from the government and $22 billion in private capital, focusing on building eight hubs in western regions (China invested $6.1 billion in a state data center project).
- Google: In 2022, announced $9.5 billion for data centers and offices in the U.S., supporting its cloud and AI initiatives (Google to invest $9.5 billion in US data centers, offices).
- Microsoft: Around $50–60 billion in capex, including $10.7 billion in Q4 of its 2023 fiscal year, focusing on AI data centers (Microsoft places huge cap-ex bets on datacenters).
- Amazon: Estimated $20–30 billion, including $11 billion in Indiana in 2024 for data center construction (Amazon to invest $11 billion in Indiana to build data centers).
- Meta: Around $20–30 billion, including a key $10 billion project in Louisiana in 2024 (Meta to invest $10 billion for Louisiana data center).
- Other DC developers: Around $50 billion in total, including deals such as the $16 billion acquisition of AirTrunk in 2024 (Data center M&A 2024: A record-breaking year).
Total investments over three years are about $150–200 billion, led by the U.S., China, and Europe.
Investments Over the Past Three Months (December 2024 – February 2025)
In the last three months, $690 billion in new investments were announced, reflecting an acceleration in AI. Key announcements:
- Microsoft: $80 billion for AI-enabled data centers in fiscal 2025, with more than half in the U.S., announced in January 2025 (Microsoft plans to invest $80 billion on AI-enabled data centers).
- Meta: $60–65 billion for a supercomputer hub, announced in January 2025, focusing on AI (Meta to Increase Spending to $65 Billion This Year in A.I. Push).
- Project “Stargate”: $500 billion for AI infrastructure over four years, announced in January 2025, involving OpenAI, Nvidia, Oracle, and SoftBank (New Data Center Developments: February 2025).
- DAMAC (UAE): $20 billion for U.S. data centers, announced in January 2025, with projects in Texas, Oklahoma, and other states (Trump announces $20 billion foreign investment to build new U.S. data centers).
- Google: $20 billion for renewable energy for data centers, announced in December 2024, supporting cloud campuses (New Data Center Developments: January 2025).
- Saudi Arabia (NEOM): $5 billion for a zero-carbon data center, announced in February 2025 (New Data Center Developments: February 2025).
This period stands out for massive announcements, especially in the U.S. and the Middle East, highlighting the global race for AI leadership.
Investments Over Three Weeks (February 3–26, 2025)
In the last three weeks, investments totaled about $5 billion, including:
- Saudi Arabia (NEOM): $5 billion for a 1.5 GW data center in the Oxagon project, focusing on sustainability and AI, announced in February 2025 (New Data Center Developments: February 2025).
This reflects continued interest from emerging players like Gulf countries in digital infrastructure.
Timeline and Dynamics
Investment trends show steady growth from 2022 to 2024 (increasing by tens of billions of dollars annually), then a sharp jump in the last three months, reaching $690 billion in announcements. The last three weeks added $5 billion, highlighting ongoing momentum, particularly from the Middle East. According to BCG, McKinsey, and others, data center investments will likely continue to rise, with the following scenarios:
- By 2026: Annual investments could reach $300–400 billion, with hundreds of new hyperscale data centers. Factors include technological advances (e.g., higher-performing Nvidia chips), economic growth, and government support. However, delays may result from energy shortages or supply chain issues. Studies suggest data center electricity consumption could double from current levels, reaching about 2% of global usage (8 Trends That Will Shape the Data Center Industry In 2025).
- By 2030: Investments could surpass $2 trillion in total. Data centers may consume 3–4% of global electricity, requiring integration with renewables and nuclear energy. This will create a symbiotic relationship between computing and energy infrastructures, critical for national security and the economy.
The Role and Significance of Computing Power and Electricity
By 2026, computing power will be central to innovation and economic growth, especially for AI, with data centers reliant on stable electricity sources. By 2030, this reliance will increase further: data centers will consume a significant share of global electricity, necessitating sustainable solutions such as renewables and nuclear reactors. This will make computing power a strategic asset, similar to oil in the 20th century, with profound implications for geopolitics and the global economy.
Key Findings and Recommendations
Investments in data centers continue to grow exponentially—particularly in the last few months—emphasizing AI’s importance to the global economy. It is recommended that:
- Investors focus on regions with affordable, reliable energy, such as the U.S. and the Middle East.
- Governments support the development of renewable energy to mitigate energy supply bottlenecks.
- Companies invest in energy-efficient technologies (e.g., liquid cooling) to reduce the environmental footprint.
This analysis highlights that computing power and electricity are becoming the backbone of the digital economy, requiring coordination between technology and energy sectors.