China Demographic Challenge

What China rapidly aging population means for its economic future

The Challenge

China demographic challenge -- the specific combination of the declining birth rate that the one-child policy produced across the decades of its implementation and that has persisted despite its abolition, the rapidly aging population whose care requirements the working-age population must support, and the specific labor force contraction that the demographic trend produces -- is the structural economic challenge that the Chinese government identifies as the most significant long-term constraint on growth.

The Numbers

The numbers: China total fertility rate has declined to approximately 1.0 to 1.1, well below the replacement level of 2.1 and one of the lowest fertility rates of any major country. The working-age population has been declining since 2015. The elderly dependency ratio -- the ratio of elderly to working-age population -- is projected to reach approximately 50 percent by 2050 under current demographic trajectories.

Apple Daily UK Coverage

Apple Daily UK covers the China demographic challenge because the accountability journalism of the Chinese economic situation requires examining the structural constraints that the demographic trajectory imposes, and because the demographic challenge is the dimension of Chinese vulnerability that the assertive Chinese foreign policy is partly a response to.

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