Buying coke Belo Horizonte

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Buying coke Belo Horizonte

Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The study aims to characterize the foods advertised in supermarket circulars in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, as well as to analyze the price and discounts applied to the products. Supermarket circulars were obtained from five supermarket chains during Advertised prices, with and without discount, were recorded. Ultra-processed foods responded for Only 3. Products excessive in trans-fat and sodium were statistically significant cheaper when compared to those that did not present inadequacy of these nutrients. The reverse was verified for foods excessive in saturated fat, in total fat and in added sugars. Processed culinary ingredients were more frequent on sale Products that were adequate in saturated fat, trans fat, total fat and added sugar were statistically significant more announced with discount. Processed culinary ingredients presented the lowest percentage of discount The study confirms the position of supermarket circulars in Brazil as an obstacle to healthy eating, due to the higher incidence of processed and ultra-processed food advertisements, although no greater financial stimulus was noted for these products. In the last decades, the prevalence of obesity and other non-communicable diseases NCD has increased in Brazil and all over the world, becoming a major public health issue Ng et al. It is estimated that The increasing substitution of fresh and minimally processed foods for processed foods and ultra-processed foods in the Brazilian diet has favored this scenario Martins et al. Fresh foods are foods that are obtained directly from plants or animals, without having undergone any changes or processing, while minimally processed foods are fresh foods that have undergone minimal changes. Processed culinary ingredients are products extracted from unprocessed foods and are used during food preparation to enhance flavor, such as oils, fats, sugar, and salt. Processed foods are unprocessed or minimally processed foods added with salt, sugar, oil or another processed culinary ingredient and ultra-processed foods are industrial formulations which include, for example, antioxidants, stabilizers, and preservatives Chart 1 Monteiro et al. The problem of increasing the consumption of processed foods and ultra-processed foods is explained by the nutritional composition of these foods: they have high energy density, high content of critical nutrients such as free sugars, sodium, total and saturated fat , and low content of vitamins and minerals Monteiro et al. A large body of evidence associates the higher proportion of processed foods and ultra-processed foods in the diet and obesity and NCD occurrence Elizabeth et al. Therefore, the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines recommend moderation in the consumption of processed foods and avoiding the consumption of ultra-processed foods. Currently, about 9. The marketing of unhealthy foods, especially ultra-processed ones is pointed out as an important obstacle to healthy eating Monteiro et al. In the consumer's food environment, supermarket circulars are a crucial marketing strategy for stimulating consumers to acquire specific foods Cameron et al. Commercial establishments choose the food items that are of interest to be sold and announce them in these circulars with special prices and discounts Dawson, , Hawkes, The price of foods and beverages is a critical driver of food choice, particularly among families and households with limited food budgets Darmon and Drewnowski, Previous evidence shows that price promotions on unhealthy foods are ubiquitous in many settings and appear to be more common than price promotions for healthy food Backholer et al. Describing food marketing and price promotions in the consumer's food environment and comparing it to what is indicated by the current nutritional guidelines allows knowing how much this environment is in line with messages promoting healthy eating in the country and how much it can be an obstacle to the adherence to these recommendations Cameron et al. Some studies monitored supermarket circulars in Australia, Canada, Denmark, the United States, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and Sweden, and pointed out the frequent advertisement of foods considered unhealthy by the dietary guidelines proposed by these countries Ethan et al. In Brazil, a recent study portrays a similar scenario, in which advertisements for processed foods and ultra-processed foods are more frequent than advertisements for fresh and minimally processed foods in four supermarket chains circulars during nine weeks of study Camargo et al. However, the authors have not investigated other elements presented in the circulars such as discounts and prices. Thus, the present study aims to characterize the foods advertised in supermarket circulars, according to the food classification system adopted in the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines, i. Supermarket circulars were obtained from five supermarket chains in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, during from January 02 to December Belo Horizonte is one of the main urban centers in Brazil, being the sixth largest city in the country and the eighth in Latin America, with an estimated population in its metropolitan region of 5 million inhabitants IBGE, The supermarket circulars were extracted from supermarket websites or directly from stores depending on the way each supermarket have chosen to release their circulars. The ones that were valid for all stores in the supermarket chain were included in the sample; those specific to certain regions or neighborhoods have not been analyzed. The circulars presented different periods of disclosure, varying between weekly, biweekly, and monthly. For all products, the start and end dates of the circulars were recorded, and they were classified according to the season of the year summer, autumn, winter, or spring. In some cases, the resulting data are difficult to interpret such as for low-calorie foods and beverages Maia et al. Food and beverages were classified according to the NOVA classification system in fresh or minimally processed, processed culinary ingredients, processed and ultra-processed foods and in food subgroups Chart 1 Monteiro et al. Nutritionists conducted the codification of the food items in each subgroup in accordance with the type of food that have appeared in the circulars. PAHO nutritional profile is applicable only to processed and ultra-processed foods and classifies food items with excessive content of critical nutrients. The content of calories, sodium, total fat, saturated fat, trans fat and added sugars in g of foods were considered. Adaptations to the PAHO profile were necessary considering the information available in the food composition table used. In the present study, the analysis of products that contained other sweeteners was not performed, since the nutritional composition table used did not indicate the presence of these substances in foods IBGE, In addition, the added sugars referred to in the food composition table was considered equal to the content of free sugars. Finally, calorie-free products, such as zero-calorie drinks, were adjusted to 0. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe absolute and relative frequency of food groups according to the NOVA system and the PAHO nutritional profile during the whole year and stratified by seasons summer, autumn, winter, and spring. Student t -test, one-way analysis of variance ANOVA one-way and Pearson's chi-square test were applied to compare prices, presence of discounts and percentages of discounts, according to food category and nutritional profile. Excel software was used to organize the data. For analysis purposes, the statistical software Stata, version A total of 17, food and beverage advertisements were initially identified. Participation of foods advertised on supermarket circulars in Brazil in accordance with the NOVA classification system and the seasons of the year. Among fresh or minimally processed foods, meats 6. Processed cheeses 3. Ice cream, chocolates, and candies Regarding the nutritional profile of processed foods and ultra-processed foods, only 3. About discounts, processed culinary ingredients were statistically significant more frequent on sale Processed foods and ultra-processed foods adequate in saturated fat Finally, the processed culinary ingredients were those that presented the lowest percentage of discount Fresh or minimally processed foods The present study advances the knowledge on the subject, especially considering the lack of evidence in Brazil and similar developing countries. The first investigation on the content of supermarket circulars in Brazil was conducted in between June and July , relying on circulars collected for nine consecutive weeks. Our results relying on a bigger set of circulars, collected during an entire year, found similar proportion Besides that, as both studies involved local and national supermarkets from two different geographical regions of the country , it also suggests that this scenario is likely to be seen in most regions instead of being a regional phenomenon. Similarly, a research in the United States also found that food advertisements in a sample of supermarket circulars issued between mid-September to early October from each of the 50 states and Washington, D. Other investigations also found a wide presence of discretionary foods, such as desserts and ice creams, unhealthy ready to eat meals and confectionary and chocolate, in supermarket circulars in different countries, ranging from In addition to the simple exposure of products in the supermarket circulars, the price factor is also an important determinant in consumer choice Backholer et al. The present study indicated that the cost of processed foods was significantly higher than the other categories and, that there are no differences between the price of fresh or minimally processed foods and the ultra-processed foods advertised. Regarding food cost according to the nutritional profile, the results are distinct, depending on the critical nutrient. Products excessive in trans-fat and sodium were cheaper than the products with adequate content of these nutrients, while the reverse was noted for foods excessive in total and saturated fat and in added sugars. Possibly, we did not find a clear pattern in the prices of food products announced in supermarket circulars, especially regarding nutritional profile, because such circulars are just a piece in the promotion puzzle in the supermarkets. Thus, the role of the circulars would become more to induce or reinforce instant demand inside each group, than to shift demand between groups. In this sense, customers could maximize the number of suggested items acquired and optimize their satisfaction with the circular and the store. Regarding products on sale on supermarket circulars, processed culinary ingredients showed prominence, albeit with the lowest percentage of discount applied. In the case of fresh and minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods, once again, there were no differences regarding the discount and the percentage of discount applied. In other words, supermarkets circulars did not confer a financial benefit for the consumer by selecting fresh or minimally processed foods in relation to ultra-processed foods. However, processed and ultra-processed foods with excess of critical nutrients were less advertised with discount suggesting the reasons for promoting such products with unbalanced nutrient content possibly falls more on the expansion of their exposure to consumers than on the economic stimulus to their consumption.. Two studies found a higher proportion of unhealthy foods on sale than healthy foods on supermarkets on the Netherlands Ravensbergen et al. In Dutch supermarket, consumers achieved higher discounts when buying high amount of unhealthy foods Ravensbergen et al. In the United States, shoppers were more likely to purchase sweet snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages on sale compared with when sold at full price. However, the likelihood of buying low-calorie foods on sale versus at full price was not significant for fruits or vegetables Phipps et al. In Brazil, is still more expensive to consume ultra-processed foods than the combination of fresh and minimally processed foods Claro et al. This can possibly explain why processed and ultra-processed foods are not advertised with great financial attractiveness in supermarket circulars in the Brazilian context. Some limitations must be considered in the interpretation of the results. First, only circulars valid for the entire supermarket chains were analyzed. Second, only stores located on Belo Horizonte metropolitan area were included. However, in both cases the bias introduced seems to be minor. In the first case, single store specific promotions tend to be restricted to special cases such as ready to expire products and not necessarily represent the chain marketing behavior. In the second, although the advantages of a national data collection are undeniable, such approach is almost unfeasible in a country with continental dimensions such as Brazil. Besides, most of the major national chains are present in Belo Horizonte the sixth biggest city of the country, with 5 million habitants IBGE, and no evidence up to know suggests that regional marketing approaches impact the share of ultra-processed products in the circulars. In addition, the PAHO nutrient profile was applied under adaptations, given the limitations on available nutritional information. Finally, we only estimated the frequency and the financial stimulus of food items advertised on supermarket circulars but the effect of a circular also depends on the way in which the different products are promoted in relation to each other. Other strategies that can be studied in supermarket circulars arere the proportion of space occupied by each product on the circular Martin-Biggers et al. Future investigations can access these points in the Brazilian supermarket circulars. Finally, the present investigation confirms the position of supermarket circulars in Brazil as an obstacle to healthy eating. Food marketing carried out in this media can encourage unhealthy diets, due to the higher incidence of advertising processed and ultra-processed foods with critical nutrients in excess, although no greater financial stimulus was noted for these products. These findings are relevant, because although eating habits are understood as an individual choice, they are influenced by characteristics of the food environment, including advertising information. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Prev Med Rep. Find articles by Clarisse Mendes. Find articles by Rafael Claro. Find articles by Paula Horta. Open in a new tab. CI: confidence interval; SD: standard deviation. Note: Same letters in a column indicate statistically significant differences. Pearson Chi-square with Bonferroni correction. Similar articles. Add to Collections. Create a new collection. Add to an existing collection. Choose a collection Unable to load your collection due to an error Please try again. Add Cancel.

Food marketing in supermarket circulars in Brazil: An obstacle to healthy eating

Buying coke Belo Horizonte

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Buying coke Belo Horizonte