Buying blow Peru

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Buying blow Peru

In a side pocket, a. Mardonio Borda is a year-old native Quechua with broken Spanish and a sixth-grade education. He is among untold hundreds of cocaine backpackers who make the difficult and dangerous trek up Andean mountain paths first carved by their pre-Incan ancestors. In this country that overtook Colombia in as the world's No. Sixty percent of Peru's cocaine comes from the remote Apurimac, Ene and Mantaro river valley, and the backpackers trek for three to five days to deliver cocaine to traffickers who move the drugs on for export. But it is not the lung-searing ascents to high altitudes that worry the young men. It is the armed gangs, crooked police, and rival backpacker groups who regularly rob cocaine's beasts of burden on journeys that can extend miles kilometers or more. Beyond extinguishing young lives, the practice has packed Peru's highland prisons with backpackers while their bosses evade incarceration. It is a big business. Roughly one third of the metric tons of cocaine that the U. A hardy lot, cocaine backpackers are mostly native Quechua speakers like Borda and hail from the isolated peasant communities that suffered the worst atrocities of Peru's dirty war with Shining Path rebels. Not a few backpackers are orphans, and some are Ashaninka, members of Peru's largest Amazon indigenous group. Not a single fully paved road rises out of the Apurimac river valley, which stretches northward for miles kilometers , separating the Andes ridge from the Amazon basin. Police say more and more cocaine is being processed to powder rather than left as coca paste, which includes residues of hydrocarbons, typically gasoline, used in the initial processing. While authorities say most of the drugs are now flown out, backpacking is dependable in the rainy season, cheaper than hiring a pilot and plane — and key to evading police checkpoints. Backpackers, or 'mochileros,' 'mochila' is Spanish for backpack , have been hauling cocaine this way for nearly two decades. After reaching highland cities on foot, cocaine travels mostly via highway either to Pacific ports or Bolivia's nearby border. Peru's cocaine trade is highly decentralized, run by scores of extended families who sell to representatives of foreign cartels. The backpackers they hire travel in groups as small as four and as large as Guards with assault rifles often accompany them, as do scouts who walk 20 minutes ahead. The traffickers also tote radios and satellite phones. Police, by comparison, rarely have more than cellphones. A typical trip begins with a ride down into the valley paid for by the patron. One backpacker described how his group would then get fed at a house in the Apurimac valley town of Lechemayo, issued backpacks and driven as high as the dirt road went. Some backpackers carry handguns, some grenades. At times, it rains so hard that mochileros, exhausted, hire horses and mules. But they're an additional expense — and a potential liability. Martinez, who says he's made 30 trips since age 18, lost two close friends. One slipped and fell off a precipice in the confusion of an armed robbery. Another was suspected of being an informant — and took two bullets to the head. Martinez knows he could easily meet the same fate. Cocaine backpacking is a twice-monthly endeavor for the jack-of-all-trades, who also works construction and in the fields. His wife wants him to stop. But he rarely refuses a trip. He needs to feed his wife and two children — ages one month and 2 years. The university student had gotten his father's permission to haul coca to pay for his agronomy studies, his mother said. He adored her, ferrying her around Ayacucho on his blue motorcycle, buying her groceries, making sure she always had cell phone minutes. When he started backpacking, Yuri always checked in by phone. So when he didn't call after a March smuggling trip, his mother turned to reading coca leaves to try to divine his fate, tossing them on her skirt as is customary. His career ended after four trips when he invested in a load he helped carry. He is convinced that his boss hired thieves to steal his kilogram more than pound share when his guard was down. He said the boss then demanded he pay for the stolen drugs. The backpacker moved with his parents to the Pacific coast, where they harvest rice. Andahuaylas is controlled by traffickers, and most people live either directly or indirectly off the trade, backpackers say, a claim backed by prosecutors and investigators from Peru's elite counternarcotics police. Many of the young men believe their bosses sometimes sacrifice a small group of backpackers to police so a much larger contingent can pass unperturbed carrying far more cocaine. Rural medic Oscar Huaman runs a health post along a principal backpacker route, where he sees mochileros almost daily. Huaman had to pluck grenade fragments in January from the legs and faces of two backpackers who were attacked cooling off at a stream. One lost his pack and the nearly 18 pounds of cocaine inside. It could have been worse. Villagers along the remote routes sometimes run across putrefied corpses. The dogs and pumas eat you,' said Hector Fernandez, justice of the peace in Putis, a major backpacker transit zone. Deaths often go unreported. Bodies lack identification papers, and villagers bury them without notifying authorities. Borda, the backpacker whose route passes near Machu Picchu, says his group of four was once confronted by five gunmen. His men had hiked five hours and spent a frigid night in rugged mountains only to watch as their quarry, 15 mochileros, appeared at 1 a. Backpackers can choose from myriad routes on the half-dozen corridors of sparsely populated steppe. They often hike at night, to avoid detection. Few backpackers know before they are arrested that they face eight- to year prison sentences, says Barrenechea, the sociologist. If they are caught with unlicensed firearms, sentences are stiffer. The law was amended last year to strip anyone newly convicted of drug trafficking of a chance at parole. They must now serve the minimum: Eight years. In highlands prisons along the western rim of the Apurimac river valley, nearly half the inmates are in for cocaine trafficking — compared to a fifth nationwide. At the Ayacucho prison, 1, out of the 2, inmates were in for drug-related crimes in January, the latest month for which data was available. No statistics are kept on how many are mochileros, but prosecutors say it's the majority. In Andahuaylas, half of the inmates were in for drug-related crimes. President Ollanta Humala's government has not addressed the high incarceration rate, though the president did lament the backpackers' fate during a July speech in Cuzco: 'I'm embarrassed for this country because we have not offered them opportunity. Sociologist and drug war analyst Jaime Antezana said cocaine backpackers are targeted by law enforcement because powerful traffickers evade prosecution and capture by bribing police, prosecutors and judges. And they end up jamming the prisons. Only a handful of local and regional drug capos have been arrested in recent years — and no major traffickers, says Sonia Medina, Peru's state attorney for narcotics and a harsh critic of drug corruption in the country's criminal justice system. Vicente Romero, Peru's No. Home U. Drug trade's lowest rung: Peru's expendable cocaine couriers. Show Caption. Hide Caption. Peru backpackers first leg in cocaine's journey. Much of the world's cocaine now originates in the mountains of Peru, where young, poor farmers risk their lives making the difficult and dangerous trek to deliver cocaine to traffickers. May 7. Facebook Twitter Email. Share your feedback to help improve our site!

Drug trade's lowest rung: Peru's expendable cocaine couriers

Buying blow Peru

The Amahuaca are no strangers to state abandonment. They have enjoyed few resources in their efforts to survive disease, poverty and territorial conflict, as missionaries and industries like rubber and logging pushed into their home territory. Today, as the drug trade rips through this isolated frontier, the Amahuaca — along with thousands of other remote Indigenous people — are once again in the throes of invasion. From to , the land used to farm coca climbed by 18 percent, reaching record high levels , according to recent state data. Much of that production now occurs on Indigenous territory. The town of Breu is among the areas affected. Cut off from the rest of Peru with no roads, only river transport, the ramshackle frontier town has become a transit point along the cocaine trade route. Smugglers moving product from the Upper Ucayali River to Brazil and Bolivia pass through Breu, where small quantities of raw cocaine are sold to Indigenous children who often huddle behind the local market smoking it. His appeals to regional authorities have been met with alleged death threats. As the drug trade snakes a path through Ucayali, dozens of Indigenous villagers described the increased presence of colonos, or non-Indigenous settlers, scouting the territory to expand coca cultivation along the border. The conversion of coca leaves into cocaine paste, a process that requires kerosene and other harsh chemicals, is also occurring on native land. Unlike in the VRAEM and other coca-growing hotbeds, there have been minimal eradication efforts along this remote border region, allowing criminal networks to proliferate, experts told Al Jazeera. At least two powerful Brazilian criminal organisations now operate within Peruvian territory, overseeing cocaine production and transportation, often via light aircraft. Indigenous villagers in remote communities throughout the region often report regular sightings of small aircraft flying late in the evening and low to the ground to avoid radar detection. In the secluded border village of Oori, a number of ethnic Asheninka families displaced by decades of armed conflict and drug-related violence have forged a quiet life of subsistence since the early s. But in the past three years, their sense of security has been shattered. Oori sits on the edge of the Murunahua Indigenous Reserve, a 4,sq-km 1,sq-mile protected area that is home to semi-nomadic tribes living in isolation from Peruvian society. Huertas referenced the Chitonahua people, whose clashes with loggers inside the Murunahua reserve in the s were followed by the spread of deadly respiratory diseases that wiped out nearly half of their population. While a group of Chitonahua still resides in isolation within the reserve, the majority today live as refugees along the banks of the Yurua River. Despite mounting threats to the Murunahua reserve, Chitonahua leader Jorge Sandoval dreams of one day returning to his remote home territory. But he has been warned that, after decades of contact with the outside world, his own presence could trigger conflict and the spread of disease among his vulnerable relatives still in isolation. We were all born there. My father and grandfathers are buried there. By Neil Giardino. Published On 25 Jul 25 Jul Sponsored Content.

Buying blow Peru