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In the late seventeenth century, GE Rumphius, a botanist working for the Dutch East India Company, included cannabis in his book, Herbarium Amboinense , a catalogue filled with illustrations of plant species on the island of Ambon. The book shows that cannabis was widely used for recreational and medicinal purposes on the island. Its roots were used to treat gonorrhoea and its leaves to make tea for alleviating chest pain and asthma. A century and a half later, WG Boorsma, head of the Pharmacological Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture, Industry and Trade in the Dutch East Indies, was tasked with investigating the patterns of cannabis use across the archipelago. He found that locals smoked cannabis along with tobacco leaves rolled in banana leaves, but found little evidence of problematic use. But less than a decade later, in , the Dutch colonial government criminalised cannabis following concerns related to cannabis use that were raised at the International Opium Conference in the Netherlands in This colonial legacy of drug prohibition is preserved in current drug control policy. Yet punishing people for using drugs has not reduced drug demand as intended, but has instead led to additional harm as more people are forced into overcrowded prisons. Human rights violations against drug suspects are rampant and include torture , extra-judicial killings and discrimination. In the past five years, growing crackdowns on cannabis have driven demand for synthetic versions , causing a public health concern which was once again falsely understood as a justification for harsher policies. It started small, with its roots in digital activism on social media in about In , the group obtained the first-ever licence to conduct scientific research on cannabis in Indonesia. LGN and its local grassroots affiliates focus almost exclusively on issues related to cannabis, which differs from other substances in terms of its recommended harm reduction approaches. Activists creatively use arguments related to economic progress, culture and environmental sustainability in justifying the need to legally regulate cannabis in Indonesia. The movement seems to have attracted an impressive and ever-growing group of followers on social media, including , on Facebook, and a quarter of a million on Instagram. These social media outlets provide a lively meeting place for enthusiastic and engaged activists. LGN is mostly run by volunteers whose work is wide-ranging. It includes creating educational content and events, conducting research, meeting with cannabis patients, talking to the media and government officials, merchandising and managing donations. These rather fluid roles help expand and shape the direction of LGN as a movement. Currently, it is transforming to promote law reform not only based on the therapeutic, spiritual and traditional aspects of cannabis, but also based on human rights in general. Yet, perhaps it is this very lack of institutional support that has allowed the cannabis movement to blossom quickly and organically. In addition to a growing and diverse management team, LGN is now regionally represented in 25 Indonesian cities. Cannabis activists dedicate large amounts of their time and energy to the cause, concentrating on the future of cannabis regulation and its promising impact on the health of Indonesians and their economy. But by focusing on cannabis exclusively, activists run the risk of indulging in cannabis exceptionalism , which is when the fight for cannabis legalisation trumps other and sometimes more important struggles. It encourages the idea that cannabis should be made legally available because it is benign whereas other drugs are so dangerous they should be kept illegal. This approach has demonised the general use of psychoactive substances like MDMA, a substance that heightens empathy and sociability, among other therapeutic benefits. Activists point to the medical benefits of cannabis and champion it over other drugs for the sake of proving that the prohibitionist system is broken. However, studies on drug policies in Indonesia , Myanmar and elsewhere show that criminalisation and harsh punishment tend to foster high-risk drug use practices by pushing already marginalised individuals further away from health and social services, making deaths and other health problems more likely. Cannabis legalisation should only be a small part of wider efforts to reform drug-related and public health policies. Failing to consider the larger picture means perpetuating myths and double standards regarding drug use, including non-medical or recreational cannabis use. This resembles tactics used by those who condemn the use of prohibited drugs — like cannabis, heroin or MDMA — but condone or even promote legally regulated drugs manufactured by international pharmaceutical companies and commercially marketed drugs such as tobacco. Nonetheless, isolating the cannabis issue from other potentially more complex drug-related matters has a certain logic to it. Advocates frame cannabis legalisation in the context of tradition, spirituality, religion and environmentalism — matters which interest a much larger audience. The relatively low level of problematic cannabis use in Indonesia also makes it easier for advocates to speak of ideas that appear revolutionary, sometimes even touching on patriotism and sovereignty. In Indonesia, where strong anti-drug sentiments prevail, this may open the space for cannabis advocates to engage in public discussions and gather support for alternative policies like decriminalisation. Legalising cannabis use would require Indonesian lawmakers to answer some tough questions. If cannabis were to be made legally available for medical purposes, should it be accessible to everyone who claims to need it, or only for those who are deemed sick enough by a few licensed medical practitioners? What to do then with the tens of thousands of cannabis users serving prison sentences? Should they be released? Putting an end to cannabis arrests, which make up a good portion of all drug related arrests, will free up resources to focus on health and harm reduction services that desperately need improvement in Indonesia, especially in prisons. Limiting punishment in this way would contribute to safer environments in which cannabis use takes place. By contrast, decriminalisation promises to enhance the wellbeing of Indonesians, regardless of which or whether drugs are involved. Decriminalising drug use and small-scale possession in all its forms is too radical for now. There is certainly more work to be done in popularising the idea of decriminalisation and making it more compelling to the public. Cannabis, with its long history in Indonesia, might be the key to getting that job done more quickly. Dania Putri dania persep. Yogyakarta's new international airport and aerotropolis embody national aspirations, but at what cost to the locals it has displaced? A selection of stories from the Indonesian classics and modern writers, periodically published free for Inside Indonesia readers, courtesy of Lontar. Facebook Twitter. Donate Write for us Volunteer Youth editorial team. Essays Lontar Modern Indonesia Series. Books Film. Category: Edition Jul-Sep Tagged under Law Reform Health. Subscribe to Inside Indonesia Receive Inside Indonesia's latest articles and quarterly editions in your inbox. Lontar Modern Indonesia A selection of stories from the Indonesian classics and modern writers, periodically published free for Inside Indonesia readers, courtesy of Lontar.

Cannabis, for starters

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A bouncing baby weighing 3. An avid singer, she also loved to dance and ride her bicycle in the afternoons, filling her mother Santi Warastuti and father Sunarta with pride as they watched their only child thrive. But when Pika was about five years old, her health took a sudden turn for the worse. The little girl began to vomit regularly at school and suffered from fainting spells. When Warastuti, now 43, took her daughter to the doctor in Denpasar on the Indonesian island of Bali, Pika was prescribed epilepsy medication. Warastuti started to look for other ways to ease the suffering of her daughter, who was unable to do anything by herself and now needed hour care. Finally, she hit upon an unlikely solution in a country known for its strict drug laws: medical marijuana. Warastuti first heard of medical marijuana when she was working in Denpasar and her European employer told her how the drug was used in Europe and other countries to ease a range of illnesses. When she moved back to her hometown of Yogyakarta in the hope of finding more effective therapy for Pika, Warastuti met Dwi Pratiwi, another mother and plaintiff in a Constitutional Court case, who had taken her son Musa to Australia for medical marijuana therapy. Musa, who also had cerebral palsy, has since died. Yet, by getting to know him Warastuti was able to see firsthand how medical marijuana could help those with the disorder — that affects the ability to move and maintain balance — by helping ease muscular atrophy and enabling more comfortable sleep. According to Claudia Stoicescu, an associate professor in public health at Monash University in Indonesia, the country stands in stark contrast to its neighbours when it comes to its legal position on marijuana. These punishments by the criminal justice system against cannabis users are much more detrimental to the health, well-being and quality of life of the individual than the cannabis use itself. In Indonesia it is hard for people to accept the legalisation of medical marijuana because they think that cannabis just gets you high, but there are good and bad ways to use it. Indonesia classifies cannabis as a Schedule 1 substance, following the UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of , which means that it is classified as a drug with high potential for abuse, no accepted medical use and no safe level of use under medical supervision. However, medical researcher Stoicescu says the country should reschedule cannabis, something the World Health Organization has recommended since According to Eka Prahadian Abdurahman, the branch manager of the Addiction Recovery Community Association in Medan, North Sumatra, those who are against legalisation often argue that the drug could be used for recreational purposes. Abdurahman, whose association backs legalisation, adds that redrafting the law to allow for marijuana to be used in medical situations is not straightforward. It is not clear how long it will take for the Indonesian government to research the potential benefits of medical marijuana, and in the meantime, Warastuti says she is thinking about potential compromises. While she has yet to think about more legal options, she would like to lobby in the future for the government to help fund medical marijuana treatment in other countries like Australia for Indonesian citizens who wish to travel there. She would also like the government to consider allowing individuals to buy medical marijuana from other countries for use in Indonesia without fear of prosecution if full-scale legalisation in-country is not allowed. By Aisyah Llewellyn. Published On 10 Aug 10 Aug Sponsored Content.

Buy marijuana Yogyakarta