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Rokus A. To this end, systematic solid-phase extraction SPE approaches for drug isolation from biological fluids are required. Because speed and cost effectiveness are key issues in analytical toxicology, we have evaluated a disc-format extraction device for this purpose and compared the latter with an existing packed-bed column-format method. The discs were SPEC. Urine specimens 2 mL were diluted with 2 mL 0. Washing was done with 1 mL water. The eluates were collected separately, evaporated down to about 0. The discs showed good extraction properties for all drugs and were easy to handle. The resulting eluates showed only a few matrix interferences. Access to content on Oxford Academic is often provided through institutional subscriptions and purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access content in one of the following ways:. Typically, access is provided across an institutional network to a range of IP addresses. 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Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Motility

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Gastrointestinal GI motility is an essential function of the gastrointestinal tract, which is regulated by various neurohumoural factors and drugs. The neurohumoural control is mediated by the enteric nervous system ENS , the autonomic nervous system ANS , and local and circulating hormones. The principal local hormones that modulate gut motility are ghrelin, cholecystokinin CCK , motilin, glucagon like peptide-1 GLP-1 , serotonin and dopamine. Also, various drugs can modulate the gastrointestinal motility. Prokinetic drugs stimulate GI motility and smooth muscle relaxants suppress the motility. Dopamine receptor antagonists like metoclopramide, domperidone , serotonin receptor agonists like cisapride, mosapride, itopride and prucalopride , macrolide antibiotics like erythromycin and sincalide are classified as prokinetic agents. Organic nitrates, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and botulinum toxin are smooth muscle relaxants that suppress the GI motility. This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access. Institutional subscriptions. Acosta A, Camilleri M Prokinetics in gastroparesis. Gastroenterol Clin N Am — Article Google Scholar. Ann Gastroenterol 13 4 — Google Scholar. Isola S, Adams N Metoclopramide. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island. McQuaid KR Drugs used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. In: Katzung BG ed Basic and clinical pharmacology, 14th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp — Quigley EM Prokinetics in the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 21 3 — Wu GY The pharmacology of prokinetic agents and their role in the treatment of gastro intestinal disorders. Int J Gastroenterol 1 4 :6— Download references. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Nishanthi Anandabaskar. Reprints and permissions. Anandabaskar, N. Drugs Affecting Gastrointestinal Motility. In: Paul, A. Springer, Singapore. Published : 14 March Publisher Name : Springer, Singapore. Print ISBN : Online ISBN : Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:. Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Policies and ethics. Skip to main content. Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Abstract Gastrointestinal GI motility is an essential function of the gastrointestinal tract, which is regulated by various neurohumoural factors and drugs. Access this chapter Log in via an institution. Chapter EUR Softcover Book EUR Hardcover Book EUR Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only. Rights and permissions Reprints and permissions. About this chapter. Cite this chapter Anandabaskar, N. Copy to clipboard. Publish with us Policies and ethics. Search Search by keyword or author Search. Navigation Find a journal Publish with us Track your research.

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