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This is a summary of the report, which has been published in full in Czech only. Use of Psych. Medicines in Czechia Report on Illicit Drugs in Czechia Our publications Focused bulletin Reports on the situation in the field of addiction. Summary of the Report on Illicit Drugs in the Czech Republic Addiction policy The Czech addiction policy integrates substance and non-substance dependence. It focuses on legal alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, psychoactive medicines gambling and digital addictions. The National Strategy for the Prevention and Reduction of Harm Related to Addictive Behaviour is the main strategic policy document in the field of addiction, and the means of meeting its objectives is defined in the action plans. In , the Addiction Policy Action Plan was approved, setting out five main themes: 1 prevention and treatment of addictions, 2 regulated market with addictive substances, 3 effective taxation taking into account the risks posed by products with addictive potential, 4 promotion of the principles of a balanced addiction policy following the priorities of the Czech Presidency of the EU Council, 5 minimisation of the impact of the crisis in Ukraine on the addiction situation in the Czech Republic. The Government's coordinating and advisory body on drug policy issues is the Government Council for Coordination of Addiction Policy Council. At the regional level, addiction policy is implemented through regional drug coordinators and regional strategy documents. At the municipal level, local drug coordinators operate. Legal framework In July , a draft amendment to Act No. The draft introduces new categories of addictive substances, namely so called psychomodulatory substances and new psychoactive substances, and their regulatory system. An intense professional and societal debate continues on the regulation of the non-medical cannabis market. Act No. As of March , nicotine pouches were included among the products subject to availability restrictions under the Act, and as of July , the scope of people who are subjects to the obligation to undergo an orientation examination and a professional medical examination was extended to include people accommodated in asylum facilities. The list of addictive substances included in the Government Regulation No. Funding In , labelled expenditures on addiction policy from state and local government budgets totalled CZK 1, The labelled expenditure of the state administration amounted to CZK 1, Regions provided CZK Compared to the previous year, however, no information was provided on the expenditure of regional police directorates CZK 1, Students' experience with illicit drugs has been declining over the long term, with the exception of cocaine. The average age at first substance use has been rising for a long time. A study of Prague schoolchildren confirms a declining trend in the prevalence of cannabis use among children and adolescents. The gap in cannabis use between boys and girls has long been narrowing. Secondary school students report a long-term prevalence in the use of most illicit drugs that is times higher than that for primary school students. The prevalence of illicit drug use is approximately times higher among men and young people under the age of Prevalence of cannabis use in the general population and among young adults have been stable in the long run, as well as the prevalence of use of ecstasy, methamphetamine and hallucinogenic mushrooms. In case of cocaine, a long-term increase in the prevalence of use may be observed in the last 12 months. When extrapolated to the entire population, this represents thousand people who have used cannabis for self-medication in the last 12 months, approximately thousand of whom have used it exclusively for self-medication. A total of An estimated Health consequences of illicit drug use Infectious diseases and drug overdoses, both non-fatal and fatal, are among the most important harms related to high-risk illicit drug use. Injecting drug use is a major factor in the spread of infectious diseases among drug users. In the Czech Republic, injecting is the primary mode of application of drug use among high-risk opioid or methamphetamine users. The proportion of HIV transmission through injecting drug use in the Czech Republic has long been low, with cases per year 8 in In the case of viral hepatitis C, IDUs account for approximately half of all infections in the long term. Illicit drug users also face other somatic and mental health problems and comorbidities such as psychosis, depressive and anxiety disorders. Approximately people are hospitalised for non-fatal intoxication each year; approximately of these cases are related to illicit drugs. Of the total number of traffic accidents, were caused under the influence of illegal drugs i. In the last ten years, the number of traffic accidents where the culprit was under the influence of illegal drugs has been increasing. In , a total of 64 fatal overdoses caused by illicit drugs, inhalants and psychoactive medicines were detected. There were 53 fatal overdoses caused by illicit drugs and inhalants, most commonly methamphetamine or amphetamine 22 cases and opioids 15 cases. Inhalants were recorded in 11 cases, as well as benzodiazepines. An additional deaths under the influence of illegal drugs and psychoactive medicines are recorded every year. Social correlates and context of illicit drug use People who use drugs often display a combination of negative social and economic factors - they find it difficult to enter the labour market, have poor relationships, financial problems and housing problems. Unstable housing and debts are significant obstacles to recovery and social and economic integration. For high-risk drug users, they can present an intractable problem. People who use drugs often have no stable income and are usually employed as short-term temporary workers, either without a contract or via employment agencies. Many clients of addictology services are registered with the Labour Office and receive social support in the form of financial need benefits. Unstable accommodation or homelessness is reported by three quarters of people who use drugs, with the same proportion reporting debts. The rising cost of living in the context of increasing energy prices and food prices is and increasing trend. Czech households have spent approximately CZK 10 billion on illegal drugs in recent years which corresponds to 0. Addiction prevention Addiction prevention targeting children and young people is part of a broader framework of prevention of risk behaviour coordinated by the Ministry of Education. Only half of the school prevention methodologists have completed accredited studies to perform specialised activities. The system used to certify the proficiency of school-based prevention programmes remains suspended. To date, 80 services providing prevention in addictology have been certified within the prevention system, 52 of which were in universal prevention, 20 in selective prevention and 8 in indicated prevention. Since , the System of Evidence of Prevention Activities has been in place in school prevention, which is optional for schools. Mental health activities have also been implemented in recent years. There is a shortage of selective and indicated prevention programmes. The network of pedagogical-psychological counselling centres 47 in total and educational care centres 33 in total complements the indicated prevention implemented by NGOs. Addictology services The network of addictology services covers the whole spectrum of problems related to substance use and other addictive behaviours and consists of various types of facilities and programmes that are embedded in different disciplines and departmental legal frameworks. According to various data sources, there are approximately programmes implemented by various types of addictology services in the Czech Republic. Of these, there are low-threshold contact centres, 50 outreach programmes, outpatient treatment programmes 10 of them are targeted for children and adolescents , detoxification units, inpatient health care units, therapeutic communities, outpatient aftercare programmes of them are sheltered housing and homes with special regime for substance users; facilities report patients in opioid agonist treatment substitution treatment and an estimated general practitioners providing substitution treatment. Most regions describe the existing network of services as minimal or insufficient. There is an acute shortage of outpatient psychotherapists, and psychiatrists in particular, but also a shortage of other doctors willing to work with people who use drugs. Regions also frequently report a lack of addictology programmes specialising in children and young people. Significant shortcomings are reported by the regions especially in the availability of opioid agonist treatment. The private segment of addictology services is developing. There is a growing range of treatment and counselling interventions provided via the Internet and using new technologies. Participatory and self-help activities have been on the rise in recent years. In , A further 10, people were in mediated contact. In the long term, there is a gradual increase in the number of methamphetamine users. The most common service provided by the low-threshold centres is the needle and syringe exchange programme, and interest in medical services and hygiene services has long been growing. A total of 9. In , 26 low-threshold programmes in a total of 13 cities were involved in the project of naloxone distribution in the form of Nyxoid nasal spray. In , doses were distributed. The facilities reported 42 cases where opioid overdoses were averted through use of the spray. Gelatine capsules for oral use, which are an alternative to injecting, are distributed probably by all the low-threshold programmes; with an estimated , capsules dispensed annually in the Czech Republic. The prevalence of infections among clients of low-threshold programmes remains relatively low. Specific harm reduction programmes at dance and music events are not widespread in the Czech Republic, although they have been more active in recent years. There are about programmes in the recreational setting in the Czech Republic. The low number of these programmes corresponds to the limited financial support for these activities. Outpatient care for PWUDs is provided mainly in psychiatric outpatient clinics, while AT outpatient clinics can be considered specialised. In total, there are approximately outpatient programmes in the Czech Republic. Of the total, The majority are polydrug users 3. Psychiatric outpatient clinics also provide specialized treatment 2, patients. GPs provide substitution products to an estimated 5, patients. Residential care is provided by detoxification and inpatient units of medical treatment facilities, particularly psychiatric hospitals, therapeutic communities, special education facilities, and sheltered housing programmes. In , people were treated in 10 therapeutic communities subsidised by the Office of the Government of the Czech Republic. According to the Register of Social Service Providers , there were a total of 42 aftercare programmes in the Czech Republic in , 23 of them were residential. In , these programmes reported 1. The availability of addictology services in prisons is increasing. In , there were 14 addictologists working in 12 prisons. Drug-free zones are available in all prisons and are used by almost 4 thousand people a year. Treatment in prisons was available in 14 prisons. A total of people took the option of treatment in voluntary treatment units, and people underwent court-ordered protective treatment. Detoxification was carried out in 6 prisons in and 23 people completed the programme. Treatment with opioid agonists substitution treatment was carried out in 6 prisons, with 56 people registered. Methadone is the available substitution. For people going into prison with buprenorphine substitution, treatment may be continued provided that the medication is paid by their own resources. In , treatment was not initiated for any prison inmate. Drug-related crimes In , 4. In the long term, criminal proceedings are most often brought against people who have committed the unauthorized illicit production and other handling of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. There were 2, convictions for primary drug law offences, mostly for the unauthorized production, trafficking and sale of methamphetamine and cannabis substances. The main sanction imposed most often was a suspended sentence. The perpetrators were most often found guilty of endangerment under the influence of addictive substance or drunkenness. In , 8. Most of these misdemeanours involved the possession of small quantities of drugs for personal use. Illicit drug markets Methamphetamine is produced and cannabis is grown in the Czech Republic, both on a subsistence and commercial basis. Raw opium from food poppies is extracted and processed on a seasonal basis. Other illegal drugs are imported into the Czech Republic. In addition, pharmaceutical preparations containing NPS of various groups are available on the drug market. Online drug sales, courier distribution and cryptocurrency payments play a significant role. The Police of the Czech Republic and the Customs Administration of the Czech Republic detected a total of indoor cannabis cultivation facilities in In , methamphetamine labs were detected in the Czech Republic, with smaller domestic labs predominating. Bulk production is being moved abroad, especially to Poland, Germany, the Netherlands or Belgium. The main precursors for the production of methamphetamine are pseudoephedrine and ephedrine extracted from pharmaceuticals imported mostly from Poland. The trend of the increasing availability of cocaine and MDMA in the Czech Republic continues; the supply of heroin on the market is decreasing and the Czech Republic remains more of a transit country. In , 3 opioid laboratories were discovered in the Czech Republic, the precursor was the poppy. In criminal proceedings in , 1, seizures of cannabis dry matter The most common were synthetic cathinones 7 substances. Back to top. Map of Aid.

Report on Illicit Drugs in the Czech Republic 2023

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The Czech drug-related legislation is quite extensive and includes laws as well as various by-laws. The most important feature of the Czech legislative system is that criminal law does not consider drug use to be a criminal offence. Article by. Although the Czech Republic was part of the Soviet sphere of influence for decades, it managed to escape this model. Moreover, the Council is in charge of the drug policy budget. The current National Drug Policy Strategy encompasses the time-framework with four long-term objectives: 4 1 Reduction of experimental and occasional drug use particularly among young people ; 2 Reduction of intensive drug use; 3 Reduction of drug-related risks to individuals as well to society ; and 4 Reduction of availability of drugs above all for young people. The Action Plan for Implementation of the National Drug Policy Strateg y is adopted only for three consecutive years, and its task is not only to define specific goals to attain the objectives of the above mentioned strategy but also to articulate the priorities within them. The Czech drug related legislation is quite extensive and includes laws as well as various by-laws. The court allowed 1. Since there is no distinction between offences for cannabis and other drugs, the unanswered question is whether the impact of the new legislation is more liberal with regard to cannabis drugs users. According to the European Drug Report, the Czechs rank among the top cannabis users in Europe, with 4. Looking at these high numbers, it may appear that cannabis is not illegal in the Czech Republic. But it is. As a consequence lower penalties were set for offences related to cannabis. Cultivation and distribution of cannabis is still a criminal offence punishable by one to eight years of imprisonment depending on the quantity. Possession for personal use of such an amount is only a misdemeanour punishable by a fine but not by imprisonment. The situation for a user cultivating cannabis for personal use is very confusing. This by-law sets the permitted amount of medical cannabis at 30 grams of dry matter per month. Any company, that wants to grow or import medical cannabis, needs to obtain a state licence to do so. Self supply, even for medical purposes, remains legally forbidden. The biggest issue concerning medical cannabis in the Czech Republic is its price. The fact that medical cannabis is not covered by common medical insurance is heavily criticized by the public, doctors and some politicians. Currently, the only supply of medical cannabis is through imports from the Netherlands. Another issue that is linked with the implementation of medical cannabis is the time it is taking. All the necessary organisational steps are taking far too long. The law legalizing cannabis for medical use came into force in August and the first patient was able to purchase it more than a year later — in November Czech police databases record that 43 per cent of all drug-related crimes prosecuted in the country in are related to cannabis. The primary concern of Czech police officers is usually not the prosecution of individuals who are growing cannabis for their own needs in only small amounts. The Czech police focus mainly on dismantling organized and large-scale grow houses, and on prosecuting the street and club dealers. Most of the grow houses are discovered due to high electricity consumption. The raids were very controversial, because grow shops in the Czech Republic had been allowed for many years and their legality was not disputed at all. It certainly is not usual for the police to engage in such extensive actions based on a single court decision. The police action was also vehemently criticized because on many points it did not distinguish between grow shops offering all of these goods and those offering only some of them which cannot be considered as spreading drug addiction as stated in the aforementioned Supreme Court decision of. According to the ruling, selling only some of those supplies cannot be considered a crime — one spreads drug addiction only if one sells all the above mentioned supplies cumulatively. This indiscriminate approach caused major losses for the grow shop owners. In addition, many grow shop owners and others also complained about the fact that the action was very different in different regions. In some cities police confiscated everything in the shops also, for example, flower pots and other everyday goods while in others they just listed the stock of the shop and left everything in place, which of course affected their business less. Cannabis users were left to a self-help system. Small and isolated groups cultivated and used cannabis together — they did not engage in commercial distribution. Even after the regime change and the opening of the Czech drug market which quickly reached the western level , the cannabis market remained specific in this respect. Large-scale cannabis cultivation in the Czech Republic is increasingly dominated by Vietnamese groups, but the distribution is usually by Czech citizens. The high prevalence of cannabis in the Czech population indicates that it is not difficult to purchase it. Most cannabis users start by consuming with friends, and cannabis is often provided via networks of friends. Besides that, dealers can be found and contacted in clubs and during various cultural events such as music festivals, concerts etc. Czech society can be described as tolerant towards cannabis. The numbers of participants increased from a few hundred in to 15, in and then decreased again to 5, in Csete, Joanne Open Society Foundations. Strategies adopted previous to this one used to set only mid-term goals. In the new Czech Criminal Code came into force. Stefunkova, Michaela; Zeman, Petr Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention. See also: Last month prevalence of cannabis use - All adults Figures for Spain are not available. The actual vote on this matter was quite convincing: out of members of the Chamber of Deputies, voted yes and only 7 voted no. The same applies to the vote in the Senate, out of 74 Senators 67 voted in favour of the renewal and only 2 were explicitly against it. This kind of prescription electronic is a brand new within the Czech system. Its aim is not only to provide a direct link between doctors and pharmacies but also to control its usage and so to prevent its misuse. Not clear. Lidovky CZ. Pavelec, Jan Bachelor thesis Masarykova Univerzita. However in it was not officially part of the global MMM movement. Jste pro legalizaci marihuany? Newsletter Subscribe to our newsletter. Regions Europe Czech Republic. Publication date: 28 September Notes 1. Belackova et al. Article: Newsletter banner Do you want to stay informed? Newsletter Subscribe to our newsletter Subscribe now. Policy briefing by Tom Blickman. Hundreds of social struggles. Countless ideas turned into movement. Support us as we celebrate our 50th anniversary in Make a donation.

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