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Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Thoothukudi. Browse by Title. Browsing Thesis by Title Browse. Now showing 1 - 18 of Thesis Item Unknown. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University , K. Fisheries in India is a very important economic activity and a flourishing sector with varied resources and potentials, which provides valuable foreign exchange and employment to the millions of people. Constant growth of aquaculture production in recent years would contribute to reducing the fishing pressure on natural fish stock. So, knowledge about new farming techniques and better management practices BMPs is a prerequisite for precaution of outbreak of disease and to get better yield. Currently P. If the farmers implement better managementpractices and biosecurity in Vannamei culture supported by the government policies, the sustainability can achieved. Keeping in this view with the broad objectives, this study was conducted in five taluks of Nagapattinam district. The total of shrimp farmers were selected proportionally to the number of shrimp farmers of each taluk. Data were collected by personal interview with the help of well-structured and pretested interview schedule. The data were analyzed by using the computer package i. The salient findings of the study are as follows: The half of the respondent More than one-third The majority The farming implements utilization is good among the shrimp farmers in Nagapattinam, because The extension agency contact Better results were observed in respect of adoption of individual practices. Most of the respondents were found to have fully adopted three practices viz. In the case of few practices viz. Further, it has been found that a few of the respondent have not adopted some of the practices viz. Out of the 19 independent variables, only 15 of the independent variables had positive relationship with dependent variable and remaining 4 variables exhibited negative relationship. Among 15 variables that exhibited positive relationship to the adoption, five independent variables viz. While economic motivation, risk orientation, credit orientation and knowledge had significant relation with adoption at 5 per cent levels. Six independent variables viz. Among 4 variables that exhibited negative relationship to extent of adoption that two dependent variables viz. Independent variables namely age had significant at 1 per cent level while educational status had significant at 5 per cent levels. Lack of good quality seed, high cost of chemicals and drugs, high cost of feed, price fluctuations, prevalence of disease outbreak, high electricity tariff, non -availability of skilled labor and lack of scientific knowledge were the important constrains for the non-adoption of different practices of vannamei farming. Shrimp farmers suggested that adequate credit facilitates, insurance coverage, extension of training period, adequate subsidy facilities, extension education effort and technical guidance would increase the adoption level of vannamei farming. The study was carried out to identify constrains for adopting the better management practices of vannamei farming and to draw suitable strategy to overcome or remove the barriers. This findings can be used to increase the adoption level of different better management practices of vannamei farming. Hygienic fish handling practices onboard holds a lot of importance since people are mostly concerned about the HACCP in fish processing plants and industries and they are not concerned on hygienic fish handling practices onboard. Proper handling of fish onboard is very essential to keep the fish fresh and safe for human consumption for a longer period of time. Moreover, certain amount of the fish catch is spoiled due to improper handling practices and as such the total fish catch is not fully utilized in terms of both food and resource value. Adopting proper handling practices will serve as an efficient measure to check these problems and eventually will help in enhancing the quality and quantity of fish exported. The present study was carried out to find out adoption of hygienic fish handling practices by fishermen in Thoothukudi district. The villages viz. Tharuvaikulam, Thoothukudi South and Thoothukudi North were selected based on majority of the fishermen involved in fishing activities. One hundred and twenty fishermen were selected randomly from the selected villages and the data were collected through interview schedule and analysed with statistical tools. Most of the respondents were middle age group Majority of the farmers A total of Most of the fishermen Majority of the respondents Most of the respondents Most of the fishermen occasionally had contact with Fisheries Co-operative Society Ornamental fish farming is one of the important technology which play an important role in the economic development of the nation. The hobby of keeping ornamental fishes can be sealed up as source of self-employment by taking various types of ancillary activities. Likewise, it can also be used as a source of income generation especially for trained unemployed youths by maintaining aquarium at hotels, airports, parks and similar public places. Compared to other organisms of aquaculture, value of the ornamental fishes are unique by their excellence in beauty and delightful movements. The present study was carried out to find out adoption of ornamental fish culture technology among fish farmers in Madurai and Dindigul districts. The blocks namely, Tirumangalam, Madurai East and Chellampatti from Madurai district and Nilakottai, Dindigul and Attur from Dindigul district were selected based on majority of the farmers involved in ornamental fish farming and ornamental fish marketing. One hundred and twenty farmers were selected randomly from the selected villages and the data were collected through interview schedule and analysed with statistical tools. Most of the farmers Most of the members Around one-third farmers Half of the respondents had Vast majority of respondents More than half of the respondents Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thoothukudi , Ms. Aswini B. Padmavathy ; Dr. Rani ; Dr. Shrimp farm effluent possess huge amount of organic matter and other pollutants which should be treated before discharging them into the environment. The present study was carried out to assess the efficiency of agrowaste in the treatment of shrimp farm effluent. Agrowastes such as orange peel, pomegranate peel, coconut husk and rice husk were collected from the local markets of Thoothukudi. The pyrolysis of the agrowastes were carried out at oC to transform them into biochar. Wastewater samples were collected from brackish water shrimp farms in Thoothukudi. The initial physicochemical parameters in the effluent were analysed and the treatment process were carried out as batch adsorption experiment in laboratory. The wastewater samples ml were taken in conical flask and treated with 3 different dosage levels viz. The concentration of water quality parameters were compared before and after treatment. In comparison with four specific and six combination biochars, maximum ammonia removal efficiency was recorded as This helped to characterize the biochars used in the present work. With the findings it is evident that the best dosage and contact time for the treatment of shrimp farm effluent with the biochars were found to be 1. In this study, the high concentrations of ammonia, BOD and COD observed in raw shrimp wastewater were reduced by biochar treatment to the standard level for effluent discharge as prescribed by Coastal Aquaculture Authority CAA of India. Thus, biochar obtained from agrowastes when used as an adsorbent either specifically or as combinations serves as a potential bio remediators in the treatment of shrimp farm effluent. Besides that, pyrolysis technique is found to be promising, efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly effluent treatment method. Sundaramoorthy, B ; Dr. Neethiselvan, N ; Dr. Athithan, S. The present study was carried out for a period of one year from July to June to analyse and document the design, operation and performance of gillnets of Tharuvaikulam, a coastal fishing village of Tamil Nadu. Seven types of gillnets are being operated from Tharuvaikulam, of which, four are drift net types and three bottom set gillnets. Based on the vessel type and number of days per fishing trip, the fishing in Tharuvaikulam was categorized into three types namely, motorized single day, motorized multiday and mechanized multiday. The distance of fishing ground, depth of operation, type of fishing gear etc. The CPUE was calculated for each category and found to be maximum for mechanized multiday fishing Significant difference was noticed in CPUE values of motorized multiday vs motorized single day and mechanized multiday vs motorized single day fishing categories. The catch composition, size and weight ranges of fishes caught from different types of gillnet were documented for Tharuvaikulam coast. The catch composition of full beak net had 13 species, of which the targeted full beak species constituted The other drift gillnets namely, half beak net and flying fish net operated along Tharuvaikulam coast was recorded with only four and three species in the catch respectively. Bottom set gillnets showed high species diversity in the catch but poor ability in targeting the commercial species. Per day fuel usage for different fishing category of Tharuvaikulam was estimated as The carbon emission intensity was calculated high 0. In addition, the gear loss intensity, bycatch, discards, disturbance pattern of scheduled species and catch quality were studied to estimate the ecosystem effects of fishing by different types of gillnets of Tharuvaikulam. The drift gillnets scored as good, whereas, the bottom set nets were rated as average because of its low target species performance to catch. The present study concludes that the drift net fishing of Tharuvaikulam is well within the guidelines laid out for Responsible Fishing by the FAO, and could be promoted as a model for adoption. A study was undertaken to analyze the fishing pressure on ten commercially important finfishes along Kanyakumari coast owing to the operation of demersal trawl nets. The study was under taken for one year from June to April The length frequency and catch effort data were collected for ten commercially important finfish species viz. Scomberomorus commerson, Aluterus monoceros, phyraena jello, Saurida tumbil, Nemipterus japonicus, Parupeneus indicus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Scolopsis bimaculatus, Lethrinus lentjan, and Stolephorus indicus. Apart from them, 65 finfishes were reported to form notable fishery in the trawl nets of Chinnamuttom fishing harbour. Fishing pressure was analyzed using the computer software FiSAT II on the selected ten commercially important finfish species. Length at first maturity was worked out for all the ten species taken for study. The study revealed that a complete change in the trawl fleet structure and trawl net designs have been taken place over the past eight years. Further scope for increasing fishing effort to capture Nemipterus japonicus and Aulterus monoceros was evidenced from the very low exploitation ratios of 0. Sphyraena jello was found to suffer both due to growth and recruitment over fishing. The study revealed the existence of recruitment over fishing for five species viz. Saurida tumbil, Nemipterus japonicus, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Scolopsis bimaculatus and Stolephorus indicus due to the operation of trawl nets along Kanyakumari coast. The study suggested for revising the closed season from 1st April to 31st May to reduce the risk of recruitment over fishing on many commercially important finfishes due to trawling along Kanyakumari coast. A study on the selectivity of big-meshed gill net with three different mesh sizes 90, and mm on the fishery of four commercially important species of carangids viz. Caranx ignobilis, C. The peak fishing season of carangids in the big-meshed gill nets of Thoothukudi coast was found to be from June to September. Among the gill nets of three different mesh sizes analysed, the net 'A' with the mesh size 9cm may be discouraged as it captured mainly immature and maturing animals of all the four species of carangids studied. The enmeshing factor derived during this investigation clearly indicated the influence of snagging and wedging on the mean selection length of different species caught in gill nets of different mesh sizes. Capturing of A. The optimum length capture of C. The optimum mesh size for the commercial exploitation of C. Sexfasciatus, C. When the mesh size was increased, a clearcut shift in the enmeshing pattern from snagging to wedging could be observed. The technical status of the big meshed gill nets of Thoothukudi coast can be further improved by replacing the stone sinkers with lead sinkers of 20 gm each and evenly distributing them in foot rope. Neethiselvan, N. A study was carried out to analyze the impact of increased engine power on the performance of different size class trawlers of Thoothukudi. Seven trawl designs were reported and were analyzed for nine parameters namely i relation between engine power and head rope length, ii drag resistance based on twine surface area, iii optimum towing power based on speed length ratio and displacement, iv optimum operational speed, v fuel consumption during free running, vi fuel consumption during trawling, vii total and excess carbon emission, vii net profit and ix Benefit cost ratio of trawling. Five parameters namely i total length, ii length at water line, iii breadth at water line , iv depth and v draft were measured for three different size class trawlers. Trawls operated from vessels with the OAL ranging from 60 to 65 feet were found to have 2 times excess breadth of webbing along overhang. The increased breadth was found to be responsible for the increased drag in all the seven designs studied. The study stressed the need for reducing the drag resistance through the introduction of effective designs without complicated take up ratios at belly. The engine power was found to be high tohave higher free running speed which was found to be mainly responsible for the increased fuel consumption particularly for higher size class vessels. It was found that vessels with the OAL exceeding 60 feet are mere suited for multiday fishing thus paving way for reducing fuel consumption per trip through reduced voyage time and operating the vessel at optimum free running speed of 8. Fuel consumption during towing alone account for The analysis on the CO2 emission indicated that about 5,78, kg of CO2is released daily due to the operation of trawlers in Thoothukudi during peak fishing season, out of which about The BCR indicated reduced profitability of trawling which may be attributed to economic over fishing. Gopalakrishnan, P ; Dr. Venkataramani, V. A study on the selectivity and fishing pressure by six different hook sizes revealed the existence of notable selectivity by different hook sizes on six species of Lethrinus such as Lethrinus lentjan, L. The peak fishing season of Lethrinus spp. Fishermen of Thoothukkudi coast were found to use imported Mustad hooks of six different hook numbers. The use of correct type of baits such as lesser sardines and squid mantles following correct method of attachment were observed. The study revealed the dominance of L. Considering the hooking rate and length at first maturity, the optimum hook size for the commercial exploitation of L. The use of hook No. The study suggested to improve the design of the long line units of Thoothukkudi coast incorporating basic components such as sekiyama, swivel and snood wire in the branch lines. Sundaramoorthy, B. The survey covered 17 parameters under each category of trawls. The body proportions of trawls surveyed were expressed as percentage of head rope length and used for comparison. The trawls were compared based on the percentage overlapping of body proportions. To estimate the catch per unit effort CPUE for different size class of trawls, catch effort analysis was made. The study also revealed the general awareness of fishermen of Kanyakumari district on the cutting rate to be followed in the top and bottom wings of two seam demersal fish and shrimp trawls. The analysis of catch and effort revealed the maximum CPUE of 2. The present study was carried out from June to May to analyse of tuna fishery along Thoothukudi coast of Tamil Nadu. The data on tuna fishery were collected from Tharuvaikulam, Therespuram, Thoothukudi Fishing Harbour and Kombudurai fish landing centers of Thoothukudi coast. Fishing crafts such as mechanized and motorized gillnetters Of the four types of fishing gears employed in exploitation of tuna fishes along Thoothukudi coast, only drift gillnets were found operating by targeting tuna. There were 43 tuna fishing grounds reported from the distance of 9 to Nm from shoreline along Thoothukudi coast. The fishing crafts were operated for both single day and multiday at a depth ranging from 20 to m. Tuna fishery of Thoothukudi was supported by six species including four coastal tuna Euthynnus affinis, Auxis thazard, Auxis rochei and Sarda orientalis and two oceanic tuna Thunnus albacares and Katsuwonus pelamis. Out of six, four species of tuna viz. Thunnus albacares, Katsuwonus pelamis, Euthynnus affinis and Auxis thazard were reported throughout the year, whereas two species Auxis rochei and Sarda orientalis landed seasonally. Tuna fishing was recorded throughout the year along Thoothukudi coast with peak during June to September. Of the six tuna species reported along Thoothukudi coast, two oceanic species namely T. The coastal tunas such as E. Maximum tuna catch was contributed by large meshed drift gillnets with Fish landing center-wise analysis of tuna catch shows that Tharuvaikulam, Therespuram, Thoothukudi Fishing Harbour and Kombudurai contributed The maximum CPUE was recorded for drift gillnet multiday fishing Maximum CPUE was observed for yellowfin tuna Length frequency distribution, growth parameters, mortality parameters and fishing pressure were studied for the four species of tuna by using FiSAT II software package. In the present study, the exploitation ratio E was obtained as 0. Pelamis, E. In the case of T. Hence, the existing mesh size of large meshed drift gillnets needs to be increased to make the young T. Three tuna species namely K. In addition to the gillnets, the fishermen of Thoothukudi may be encouraged to go for deepsea long lining. Jayalalithaa Fisheries University, Thoothukudi , Mr. Shetty Shiva Shanker ; Dr. Veerabhadran ; Dr. Umamaheswari ; Dr. Vidhyasagar Reddy. Against this background, the present study was carried out to document the socio-economic profile, technology adoption practices and constraints faced by the reservoir cage farmers of Khammam district of Telangana state. In Khammam district, three reservoirs viz. A total of progressive cage farmers were selected randomly and the first-hand information were collected through pre-structured interview schedule and the collected data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical tools. Totally, 15 independent variables were selected keeping the objectives in view. The results revealed that most of the cage farmers belonged to old About It was observed that about It is noteworthy to mention that medium level of information seeking behavior, social participation, mass media exposure, risk orientation, contact with extension agencies and scientific orientation were observed among Similarly, medium level of decision making behavior and participation in trainings were noticed among While use of anchors and bottom weights, farming technologies, fish seed quality and type of marketing practices were mainly adopted by Occupational status X3 , Annual income X4 , Information seeking behavior X5 , Contact with extension agency X12 , and Decision making behavior X14 had positive correlation at 5. The estimated R2 value was 0. Among the identified constraints 15 nos. Establishment of Aqua feed mills and shops on Public Private Partnership PPP and fish hatcheries and seed rearing centers and imparting Skill development training and awareness programs on cage farming practices and usage of ICT tools shall encourage the farmers to adopt the advanced cage farming practices intensively. Thesis Item Open Access. Sugumar, G ; Dr. Velayutham, P ; Dr. The antagonistic properties of marine ascidians and the bacteria associated with them were investigated. Solitary and colonial ascidians were collected from submerged structures along the coast of Thoothukudi and were characterized. Solitary ascidians were identified as Cnemidocarpa areolata, Herdmania momus, Microcosmus exasperatus, Phallusia nigra and Polycarpa sp. Colonial ascidians were Didemnum psammathodes, Diplosoma swamiensis, Eudistoma viride and Lissoclinum fragile. The bacteria associated with the surface and whole body homogenate of selected ascidians were studied quantitatively and qualitatively. Epibiotic bacterial load varied from 3. A total of bacterial isolates were characterized up to generic level. The generic composition was dominated by Bacillus and Arthrobacter. The inhibitory activity of the crude extracts of extracellular products ECP of selected antagonistic bacteria was weak against test organisms, but the ethyl acetate crude extracts of both cells and cell free supernatants of antagonistic bacteria showed strong inhibitory activity. Methanol crude extract of one of the ascidians, Eudistoma viride showed good inhibitory activity against test organisms. The inhibition was strong against Vibrio cholerae and V. The results have clearly demonstrated that some ascidians produce strong antibacterial compounds and bacteria from marine sources have good antagonistic activity. These bioactive compounds could be harnessed for newer drugs in therapeutical applications. Shanmugam, S. Jeya Shakila, R ; Dr. Karal Marx, K. Fish protein hydrolysates FPH were prepared from skin and muscle of fifteen fin fishes using commercial protease enzymes viz. Based on the degree of hydrolysis DH , the enzymatic hydrolysis process conditions were optimized. Generally, DH increased when the reaction times and enzyme concentrations increased. However, the rate of DH was faster during the initial phase of 60 min and thereafter the rate of DH was very low in the cases of trypsin, pepsin and papain treated samples, while the DH was stationary after 60 min with alcalase enzyme. Based on the results obtained, the process conditions optimized for enzymatic hydrolysis were: enzyme concentration 1. Using the optimized process conditions, FPHs were prepared from the muscle and skin of 15 species of finfishes viz. Nemiptereus sp, Arius sp, Caranx sp, Plectorhinchus sp, Mugil cephalus, Hemiramphus sp, Scomberoides sp, Synaptura sp, Scomberomorus sp, Gerres sp, Lycenchelys scaurus, Epinephelus sp, Leiognathus sp, Rastrelliger kanagurta and Arothron stellatus and they were subjected to antimicrobial activity test against nine bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio cholerae, V. None of the FPH prepared from fish muscle exhibited antimicrobial property, whereas FPH extracted from puffer fish skin using trypsin and alcalase showed some antimicrobial activity. Alcalase 1. Trypsin had maximum antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae 10 mm followed by Enterobacter cloacae 6 mm and Escherichia coli 5 mm. None of the biopeptides fractionated from trypsin derived fish skin protein hydrolysates showed antimicrobial activity against the selected bacterial pathogens. Further research on sequencing of biopeptides having antimicrobial properties will be attempted. Velayutham, P. The ink sac of cuttlefish, generated as a by-product during processing has low market value and has the potential to cause environmental pollution. The ink has been recognized as a source of bioactive compounds by several authors. The removal of melanin not only increases its appeal but also widens its application. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude squid and cuttlefish ink has been widely studied but there are few reports on the bioactive properties of melanin free ink. In this study, melanin from the ink of three species of cuttlefish viz. The protein content of the melanin free ink of Sepia pharaonis, S. The pH of the melanin free ink of Sepia pharaonis, S. Two bands centered around cm-1 and cm-1 were found in MFI of all the three species of cuttlefish in the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The in-vitro antibacterial activity of the melanin free ink of the three species was studied using disc diffusion method but none of them showed antibacterial activity against the five test organisms viz. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the melanin free ink of the three species were studied using DPPH radical scavenging assay and metal chelating assay. The result showed that melanin free ink of S. MFI of S. The results indicated that lipid oxidation was prevented by MFI of S. Hence it is concluded that melanin free ink of S. The natural antioxidants from different fruit peel pomegranate, orange and pineapple and their combined peel extracts was extracted using methanol and crude extracts were obtained in rotary evaporator under low pressure and low temperature. Inorder to prevent the oxidation in sardine Sardinella gibbosa muscle during chilled storage. Thus, it can be concluded that the antioxidant compounds present in the different fruit peel extracts can be used effectively as natural antioxidants for controlling the oxidative rancidity in fish and fishery products. Antioxidant, antibacterial and functional characteristics of melanin and melanin free ink from selected cephalopod species Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Dr. Shaju ; Dr. Ganesan ; Dr. David Kingston ; Mr. Cephalopods represent one of the ocean's greatest potential food resources. In Tamil Nadu, especially, at Thoothukudi coast cephalopod is a pronouncing commodity in foreign exports. They are processed and exported in various forms. The ink, usually discarded as waste can be used as a source for bioactive compounds. Though, there are many reports of bioactive properties in crude ink, as far now there are only a few reports regarding the bioactive properties in melanin and MFI Melanin Free Ink. The present study investigated the antioxidant of MFI and antibacterial properties of MFI and melanin from three cephalopods such Sepia pharaonis, Sepioteuthis lessioniana and Amphioctopus aegina using in-vitro assays. The percentage yield of MFI in cuttlefish, squid and octopus were estimated as 64, 68 and MFI from S. When MFI added with sardine fish mince, it retarded the lipid oxidation during the entire storage period and it was very clear with the lower TBARS values compared to the control. These values were lower than 3. Though MFI had no antibacterial activity, melanin from all the three cephalopods showed concentration dependent antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. Melanin from A. The spectrum received for melanin revealed its structural similarity with substances such as indole, pyrrole and substituted pyrrole. The present study reveals that MFI from cephalopods possess antioxidant properties and the melanin possess promising antibacterial activity and also suggest that MFI and melanin from cephalopods can be used as a natural source of antioxidant and antibacterial agent, respectively. Jayaraman, R ; Dr. Selvaraj, P ; Dr. Felix, N. The study was taken up to analyse the economics of aquariculture ornamental fish culture by applying alternative costing techniques such as cost- plus method in Thoothukkudi and Madurai districts during the period The specific objectives of the study were to estimate the unit cost of production, to price the selected ornamental fishes by cost-plus method, to compare the estimated prices with the actual selling prices, to estimate a cost function on total cost and variable cost bases, to identify the marketing channels and constraints to aquariculture and to offer policy suggestions for aquariculture development in the regions. Thoothukkudi district The total farm area 4. The estimated total cost was Rs. Farmers realized a total returns and net returns of Rs. The cost benefit ratios were 1. Apportioned total cost was used for computing mark-up and net returns in ornamental fish production and business. Cost function was estimated on total cost basis, where apportioned total cost was considered as a function of production Y. Temperature fluctuation during peak summer and winter periods and environmental factors in adverse conditions, mortality and disease outbreak, pilfering and social problems and absence of adequate knowledge on aquariculture were the major resource, production, management and extension constraints respectively. Madurai district In Madurai district, the selected farms were classified into leased-in 0. The estimated total variable cost was Rs. The estimated total returns and net returns were Rs. The cost benefit ratios on total cost and total variable cost bases were 1. Apportioned total cost and total variable cost were used for computing mark-up and net returns for ornamental fishes produced in Madurai district. Cost function was estimated on both total cost and total variable cost bases. Collection of live feed in distant areas, mortality and disease outbreak, non-accessibility to farms, location of shops in interior areas and prevailing tough competition and absence of adequate knowledge on aquariculture were the major resource, production, management and extension constraints respectively. The different marketing channels followed by fish farmers were investigated in both the districts.

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