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These datasets underpin the analysis presented in the agency's work. Most data may be viewed interactively on screen and downloaded in Excel format. All countries. Topics A-Z. The content in this section is aimed at anyone involved in planning, implementing or making decisions about health and social responses. Best practice. We have developed a systemic approach that brings together the human networks, processes and scientific tools necessary for collecting, analysing and reporting on the many aspects of the European drugs phenomenon. Explore our wide range of publications, videos and infographics on the drugs problem and how Europe is responding to it. All publications. More events. More news. We are your source of drug-related expertise in Europe. We prepare and share independent, scientifically validated knowledge, alerts and recommendations. About the EUDA. People who inject drugs are at risk of contracting infections through the sharing of drug use paraphernalia. On this page, you can find the latest analysis of drug-related infectious diseases in Europe, including key data on infections with HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses. European Drug Report — home. The drug situation in Europe up to Drug supply, production and precursors. Synthetic stimulants. Heroin and other opioids. Other drugs. New psychoactive substances. Injecting drug use in Europe. Drug-related infectious diseases. Drug-induced deaths. Opioid agonist treatment. Harm reduction. People who inject drugs are at risk of contracting infections such as viral hepatitis B and C HBV and HCV, respectively and the human immunodeficiency virus HIV through the sharing of drug use paraphernalia. These infections can cause chronic diseases that may result in severe health-related harms, including death. While the long-term trend in new HIV infections related to injecting drug use has been declining in the European Union, more than half of the reporting countries saw an increase in new HIV notifications in compared with Figure The increase observed in may, in part at least, reflect increased rates of HIV testing following the lifting of COVIDrelated restrictions on movement and the return to pre-pandemic functioning of health services including HIV testing. Another possible contributory factor is the increased movement of people living with a known HIV diagnosis in European countries following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Thus, these data need to be interpreted with caution, as they are not necessarily indicative of an increase in rates of new infections. Nor do they necessarily put into question the long-term decline in HIV notifications. Patients with a late HIV diagnosis are at increased risk of HIV-related morbidity and mortality and may have a poorer response to antiretroviral treatment. Voluntary and confidential infectious disease testing of people who inject drugs is a prerequisite for linkage to care and treatment provision. Overall, among people living with HIV, those who inject drugs are less likely to be diagnosed, linked to care and achieve viral suppression. This implies a greater risk of HIV-related morbidity and mortality, as well as the possibility of more onward transmission. Recent guidance from the EMCDDA and ECDC on the prevention and control of infectious diseases among people who inject drugs supports the implementation of tailored community-based testing services. This includes testing outside formal healthcare settings, for example in outreach services, and highlights how a more integrated approach to testing and linkage to care is an effective way to reduce this persistent health inequity. Harm reduction approaches are now seen as fundamental to reducing HIV transmission among people who inject drugs, particularly the provision of sterile injecting equipment, including in prisons and through pharmacies. However, coverage and access to free needle and syringe provision remain insufficient in many countries, with only 5 of the 17 countries with available data achieving the WHO service provision targets in Figure Obtaining secure funding for harm reduction services working with people who inject drugs can be challenging in some countries. For example, non-governmental organisations in Bulgaria and Romania have experienced funding and procurement difficulties in recent years, leading to a reduction in provision. In Europe, people who inject drugs also have a high burden of chronic viral hepatitis, and injecting drug use remains the most common risk factor for new HCV diagnoses. There is also evidence that harm reduction services, such as needle and syringe programmes, as well as the provision of opioid agonist treatment, can reduce the risk of HCV transmission. As noted earlier, the coverage of and access to these interventions vary considerably between European countries Figure In addressing the harms associated with HCV infection, it is important to identify individuals who remain chronically infected with the virus, as they are at risk of cirrhosis and cancer, and can transmit the virus to others through the sharing of any injecting paraphernalia that has been in contact with their blood. However, barriers to the uptake of HCV testing and treatment exist in many countries and may result in many HCV infections not being diagnosed and treated. Data are at NUTS levels 2 or 3. The lack of data at NUTS levels 2 or 3 does not mean that the intervention is not available within a country. Time trends in the prevalence of active HCV infection among people who inject drugs are useful for monitoring the impact of prevention and treatment. The use of illicit stimulants and other drugs to facilitate group sexual encounters, sometimes of an extended duration, among men who have sex with men is known as chemsex. The drugs associated with this practice include synthetic stimulants, depressants and dissociatives, and both high-risk drug-taking and high-risk sexual behaviours may take place in some settings, making this an important area for outreach and harm reduction. High-risk consumption of some of these drugs, including injecting drug use, places people at risk of infectious diseases, acute drug toxicity and other health problems. People using drugs in this way often do not present as clients in drug treatment clinics but may be in contact with other services, including sexual health services. Providing effective harm reduction responses for people engaged in these high-risk behaviours remains a challenge, and the development of tailored interventions is needed. In Europe, treatment services for drug and sexual health problems are usually funded separately, have different eligibility criteria and are rarely co-located. This makes it difficult to provide integrated care for people exposed to the dual risks of unprotected sex and high-risk drug use in the context of sexualised drug use. EU policymakers have made a commitment to the WHO global health sector strategies to end AIDS and the epidemics of viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections by Achieving these objectives, however, still requires increased investment in harm reduction services, testing and linkage to treatment, as the provision in many countries remains insufficient. Greater efforts are therefore needed to prevent future outbreaks and reduce transmission, thereby reducing the burden of disease associated with HIV, HCV, HBV and other infections among people who inject drugs. Low evidence Moderate evidence. Show source tables. The complete set of source data for the European Drug Report including metadata and methodological notes is available in our data catalogue. A subset of this data, used to generate infographics, charts and similar elements on this page, may be found below. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. This make take up to a minute. Once the PDF is ready it will appear in this tab. Sorry, the download of the PDF failed. Table of contents Search within the book. Search within the book Operator Any match. Exact term match only. Main subject. Target audience. Publication type. European Drug Report main page. On this page.