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Activities by an organized crime group involving the illegal entry, transit or residence of migrants for a financial or material benefit. The production, transport, storage and sale of goods that are fraudulently mislabeled or fraudulent imitations of registered brands. The illicit transport, handling and sale of excise consumer goods despite a ban or outside a legal market. Excludes oil and counterfeits. The illicit trade and possession of species covered by CITES convention, and other species protected under national law. The poaching, illicit trade in and possession of species covered by CITES and other species protected by national law. Includes IUU fishing. The illicit extraction, smuggling, mingling, bunkering or mining of natural resources and the illicit trade of such commodities. The production, distribution and sale of heroin. Consumption of the drug is considered in determining the reach of the criminal market. The production, distribution and sale of cocaine and its derivatives. Consumption is considered in determining the reach of the market. The illicit cultivation, distribution and sale of cannabis oil, resin, herb or leaves. Consumption is used to determine the market's reach. The production, distribution and sale of synthetic drugs. Organized crime that results in a monetary loss via financial fraud, embezzlement, misuse of funds, tax evasion and abusive tax avoidance. Clearly defined organized crime groups that usually have a known name, defined leadership, territorial control and identifiable membership. Loose networks of criminal associates engaging in criminal activities who fail to meet the defining characteristics of mafia-style groups. Includes foreign nationals and diaspora groups. The State's role in responding to organized crime and its effectiveness. The degree to which states have put oversight mechanisms in place to ensure against state collusion in illicit activities. A country's supranational structures and processes of interaction, policy making and concrete implementation to respond to organized crime. The degree to which states are able to control their physical and cyber territory and infrastructure against organized criminal activities. Assistance provided to victims of various forms of organized crime, including initiatives such as witness protection programs. Refers to the existence of strategies, measures, resource allocation, programmes and processes that are aimed to inhibit organized crime. Croatia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Local and foreign victims, including men, women, and children, are recruited for sex trafficking and forced labour in the country. Organized crime groups active in the human trafficking market in Croatia target mostly Balkan nationals or other foreign nationals willing to enter the EU zone. Moreover, economically marginalized Romani children from the country are at particular risk of forced begging in Croatia and throughout Europe. The internal market is scattered and mainly run by criminal networks consisting of a few perpetrators, whereas the transit market is operated predominantly by foreign mafia-style groups. Social and economic fragilities derived from the COVID pandemic may have exacerbated the vulnerability of certain groups. Furthermore, traffickers increasingly use the internet, especially social media, to recruit minors and adult victims into sex trafficking. Croatia is a transit hub for human smuggling, especially the region of Karlovac, as the country has been an attractive option for irregular migrants who want to reach the West. International criminal actors continue to dominate the human smuggling market in Croatia, but locals are also involved, albeit to a much lesser extent. Even though irregular migrants enter countries that are part of the Balkan route without assistance from smugglers, many continue their journey across Croatia and onwards to their destinations with the assistance of smuggling rings. These groups tend to recruit people in camps in Bosnia and Herzegovina and smuggle them to countries like Slovenia, Italy, and Spain. Extortion and protection racketeering are mostly committed by individuals or small local groups, rather than large organizations, and usually target businesspeople. Weapons are mostly acquired by organized crime groups across the Balkans, and Croatia is used as a corridor into Western Europe. Criminal actors involved in this market are also engaged in drug trafficking. Large quantities of firearms and explosives were handed over to law enforcement in recent years as part of a firearm amnesty that has been ongoing since Even though the possible effects of the Ukraine-Russia war on the arms trafficking market in the country are unknown, it is expected that there will be a further increase in arms-trafficking activities in the region. There is limited information available about the trade in counterfeit goods in the country. However, there have been indications of an increase in counterfeit products, especially pharmaceuticals, in recent years. Trade in counterfeit products is conducted via the internet and traditionally occurs on a smaller scale, especially in border areas. With regards to the illicit trade in excise goods, it is reported that the criminal market in the country revolves around the illegal trade of tobacco products. Croatia is a source and transit country for the illegal timber trade in Europe with some indications that an active wood mafia operates in Croatia, illegally trafficking timber to neighbouring countries. Legitimate private sector actors operating in Croatia are also reportedly engaging in transnational timber trafficking, especially by using ports of entry with low levels of law enforcement. Other flora-related crimes that may occur on a very small scale in the country are linked to construction in tourist areas as well as new villas and gardens, where exotic plants may be grown. Similarly, Croatia is a transit and source country for the illegal wildlife trade in Europe. Wildlife being traded in the country includes reptiles and corals destined for European countries. Moreover, poaching is defined as a wildlife crime problem in Croatia with species such as wolves and raptors and traditionally hunted species including wild boar, deer, lynx, and bear, as well as birds, being targeted. There are also concerns about the smuggling of protected indigenous shell and clam species such as periwinkle and fingerling. Illegal birds and protected shell and clam species are reported to be smuggled into the Italian market. Despite the existence of this fauna crime market, there are no indications that organized crime groups are heavily involved in the illegal wildlife trade in Croatia. There are indications of natural gas and oil smuggling in the country, however the extent of this market as well as the crime groups involved are unknown. There is evidence suggesting that the smuggling of migrants and drugs happens on the same routes used for smuggling oil. Instances of corruption related to the legal oil trade have been recorded. Croatia is predominantly a transit country for heroin that originates in Afghanistan and is then smuggled along Ottoman-era routes to south-eastern and western Europe, making the market transnational in nature with actors from a wide variety of countries with flexible organizational structures. Though large cocaine seizures in Croatia remain sporadic, the number of cocaine seizures and the amounts seized have been increasing in recent years. Historically, cocaine shipments, usually arriving from South and Central American countries, were trafficked into Croatia by sea or by land from Western Europe or Turkey. However, more recently, organized crime groups in the Western Balkans, some of which have Croatian members, have established more direct cocaine trafficking routes from Latin America into the European market in collaboration with South American cartels. Domestic cocaine use, which has been increasing in recent years, mostly happens in large cities such as Zagreb, Split, and Dubrovnik. Cannabis use continues to be widespread in Croatia with herbal cannabis remaining the most-frequently seized substance in the country. Although the number of dismantled cannabis plantations in the country has remained stable over the past three years, there has been an increase in the number of dismantled indoor cultivation sites. Despite the domestic cultivation, most cannabis originates in Albania and is smuggled into Croatia via Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Groups smuggling cannabis into Croatia use land and maritime routes. Although there has been a decline in the consumption of Ecstasy MDMA in recent years, it continues to be the most-frequently seized synthetic drug in Croatia. Several small production facilities in the country have been identified and dismantled in recent years. Cyber-dependent crimes, mostly targeting individuals and businesses as well as telecommunication operators, have been on the rise in Croatia in recent years. Such crimes mostly consist of malware and ransomware attacks. A recent ransomware attack targeting a Croatian telecommunications operator showcased the vulnerability of the country to such criminal activities. Financial crime in the form of fraud, embezzlement, tax evasion, and misuse of funds, among others, remains a serious problem in Croatia, especially following the accession of the country into the EU. With the high vulnerability of the financial sector, internet banking often falls prey to organized fraud schemes. Shell companies are heavily used for the tax evasion. Organized crime groups and state-embedded actors, including members of the political elite, are involved in this criminal market. Local criminal networks dominate the criminal markets in Croatia with their primary focus being human and drug trafficking. These groups vary in size, but are for the most part relatively small, consisting of five to 10 members. Even though there is no evidence to suggest that the state itself exerts control over or even engages in specific criminal markets, involvement of state-embedded actors in financial crimes as well as recent corruption scandals indicate an increased abuse of position and widespread corruption within the state apparatus. Private sector actors are predominantly involved in financial crimes, specifically tax evasion and fraudulent trade. The group reportedly has a leader and two lieutenants below him, with lower-ranking figures known to the authorities. Members of the organization are predominantly active in extortion, have access to weapons and use violence. Usually, they carry knives and small arms. Local criminal organizations, including mafia-style groups and criminal networks, are reported to have links to their Italian counterparts. Although there is not much evidence to suggest the influence of foreign actors, who, for the most part, are believed to use the country as an access point for maritime and other trafficking routes in Europe, it is highly probable that international criminal groups operate in the country, given the geographical importance of the Balkan route. International initiatives in this field are a high priority within the framework of multilateral foreign policy activities. Even though the government suffered a drop in trust in recent years, predominantly because of the way it handled the COVID pandemic, Croatia remains a stable country in Europe. Despite the existence of anti-corruption mechanisms and legislation, as well as considerable efforts made by the country to improve governmental transparency in recent years, abuse of power and different levels of corruption continue to be a challenge for Croatia. This has become more evident because of recent corruption scandals that have been uncovered by the media. At the international level, Croatia is party to all relevant international treaties and conventions pertaining to organized crime. The country is an active participant in a number of global and regional initiatives, including the Southeast European Law Enforcement Center and Europol. Thus, cooperation in law enforcement and information exchange between domestic law enforcement and intelligence agencies and their foreign counterparts are well established. Moreover, Croatia has become the latest country to join the eurozone as of January Despite these measures, the implementation of legal mechanisms continues to be often problematic. Despite the existence of a specialized unit mandated to prosecute cases involving organized crime and corruption, the functioning of the entire judicial system is controversial in Croatia. As for the penitentiary system, even though there were no reports pertaining to overcrowding or inhumane conditions, reports of mistreatment of migrants in detention centres have raised concerns in recent years. Similarly, Croatian law enforcement also has a specialized department with a mandate to investigate and prosecute corruption and organized crime. The security and intelligence agency of Croatia is tasked with the collection and analysis of information that will ultimately provide actionable intelligence to detect, prevent, and disrupt organized crime. To this end, the customs administration plays a significant role. All units report good cooperation with their international counterparts, as is evidenced in a number of joint investigations and anti-organized crime operations. Although Croatia has a robust law enforcement framework in place, corruption in various forces and public offices remains a problem. Moreover, Croatian border police have been subject to scrutiny in recent years for their inhumane treatment of migrants. Although flows have reduced since the peak, irregular migrants using smugglers still try to enter the EU by using unofficial border crossings between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Notably, there are reports of brutal treatment of migrants by Croatian border police. An anti-money laundering office was established within the Croatian finance ministry to conduct financial investigations related to organized crime. The office analyzes suspicious transactions and cooperates with other competent authorities in Croatia, as well as with its international counterparts. Conversely, despite implementing certain reforms to strengthen regulatory policy, the economic regulatory environment is burdensome and inefficient, yet is still conducive to doing business. Financial and economic crimes are an issue that Croatia does not have the capacity to effectively counter. Despite ongoing economic challenges caused by a long recovery after the economic crisis and the recent pandemic as well as ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the government adopted the euro in The government has a fairly robust framework in place to provide support to victims of modern slavery. Nevertheless, NGOs continue to cite a lack of help from the government in their victim- and witness-support efforts. The country has a national team working on the prevention of human trafficking. Additional prevention assistance is provided by, and cooperation with respect to prevention efforts exists between, prisons, social services, police, probation offices, and NGOs. Even though the relevant regulation aims to protect whistle-blowers by providing convenient and reliable ways of reporting irregularities, the effectiveness of its implementation has to be monitored. The environment for civil society organizations has reportedly deteriorated in the last few years with the civic space narrowing in through tactics including limiting of association, criminalization of humanitarian support to asylum seekers, limiting access to funding, and exclusion from public consultations. Croatia shows little progress in terms of freedom of the media and continues to hold the EU record in terms of strategic lawsuits against public participation suits, also known as SLAPP suits. It appears that journalists who investigate and report cases of corruption and organized crime are harassed, often with threats, cyber-violence, and physical attacks. The public broadcaster continues to be under political pressure, with certain groups attempting to influence its internal policies and operations. The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel. A series of 13 discussion papers, one for each illicit market considered during the development of the Index. We're constantly working to improve the Index. By participating in this survey, you will be providing us with insights and suggestions that will help us make the Index an even better resource. This report was funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State. Capital Zagreb. Income group High income. Population 3,, Geography type Coastal. GINI Index Criminal markets 4. An assessment of the value, prevalence and non-monetary impacts of a specific crime type. Human trafficking 5. Human smuggling 6. Extortion and protection racketeering 4. Arms trafficking 4. Trade in counterfeit goods 4. Illicit trade in excisable goods 4. Flora crimes 4. Fauna crimes 3. Non-renewable resource crimes 4. Heroin trade 5. Cocaine trade 6. Cannabis trade 6. Synthetic drug trade 5. Cyber-dependent crimes 4. Financial crimes 5. Criminal actors 5. An assessment of the impact and influence of a specific criminal actor type on society. Mafia-style groups 4. Criminal networks 6. State-embedded actors 6. Foreign actors 5. Private sector actors 5. Political leadership and governance 5. Government transparency and accountability 6. International cooperation 7. National policies and laws 7. A state's legal action and structures put in place to respond to organized crime. Judicial system and detention 5. Law enforcement 6. Territorial integrity 6. Anti-money laundering 6. Economic regulatory capacity 5. Victim and witness support 6. Prevention 5. Non-state actors 4. Analysis Download full profile english. People Croatia is a source, transit, and destination country for human trafficking. Environment Croatia is a source and transit country for the illegal timber trade in Europe with some indications that an active wood mafia operates in Croatia, illegally trafficking timber to neighbouring countries. Drugs Croatia is predominantly a transit country for heroin that originates in Afghanistan and is then smuggled along Ottoman-era routes to south-eastern and western Europe, making the market transnational in nature with actors from a wide variety of countries with flexible organizational structures. Cyber Crimes Cyber-dependent crimes, mostly targeting individuals and businesses as well as telecommunication operators, have been on the rise in Croatia in recent years. Financial Crimes Financial crime in the form of fraud, embezzlement, tax evasion, and misuse of funds, among others, remains a serious problem in Croatia, especially following the accession of the country into the EU. Criminal Actors Local criminal networks dominate the criminal markets in Croatia with their primary focus being human and drug trafficking. Criminal justice and security Despite the existence of a specialized unit mandated to prosecute cases involving organized crime and corruption, the functioning of the entire judicial system is controversial in Croatia. Economic and financial environment An anti-money laundering office was established within the Croatian finance ministry to conduct financial investigations related to organized crime. Civil society and social protection The government has a fairly robust framework in place to provide support to victims of modern slavery. Read the analysis Listen the podcasts View all events. Next Skip. How to measure organized crime? Read more on globalinitiative. Give us feedback We're constantly working to improve the Index.

Substance abuse in the Republic of Croatia and National Program for Drug Control

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This Institute develops drug policy and coordinates the activities of the ministries and other actors involved in the implementation of the national drug strategy at the political level. It monitors the drug situation in Croatia and proposes measures to address drug-related issues. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. News Events, meetings and visits. Reitox national academy on evidence-based prevention opens today in Zagreb Potent synthetic substances, new drug mixtures and changing patterns of use pose growing threat in Europe Coming soon: European Drug Report to be released on 11 June Celebrating European Day of Languages: EMCDDA multilingual drug glossary unveiled Reitox network meets to showcase highlights, new digital resources and plan future activities 25 years of early warning and response to new psychoactive substances in Europe. Events Events, meetings and visits. Reitox academy on drug checking Publications Publications related to this partner. Drug-induced deaths — the current situation in Europe European Drug Report Drug-induced deaths are those that are directly attributable to the use of drugs. On this page, you can find the latest analysis of drug-induced deaths in Europe, including key data on overdose deaths, substances implicated and more. Drug-related infectious diseases — the current situation in Europe European Drug Report People who inject drugs are at risk of contracting infections through the sharing of drug use paraphernalia. On this page, you can find the latest analysis of drug-related infectious diseases in Europe, including key data on infections with HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses. Harm reduction — the current situation in Europe European Drug Report Harm reduction encompasses interventions, programmes and policies that seek to reduce the health, social and economic harms of drug use to individuals, communities and societies. On this page, you can find the latest analysis of harm reduction interventions in Europe, including key data on o. MDMA is a synthetic drug chemically related to the amphetamines, but with somewhat different effects. In Europe, MDMA use has generally been associated with episodic patterns of consumption in the context of nightlife and entertainment settings. New psychoactive substances — the current situation in Europe European Drug Report The market for new psychoactive substances is characterised by the large number of substances that have emerged, with new ones being detected each year. This page draws on the latest data available to provide an overview of the current situation and emerging drug issues affecting Europe, with a focus on the year up to the end of Croatian Institute of Public Health Evaluation of Guidelines for the psychosocial treatment of drug addiction in the health care, social welfare and prison systems Media library Related photos, infographics and videos from our Media library. Methamphetamine users entering treatment in Europe updated June Amphetamine users entering treatment in Europe updated June Users entering treatment for cannabis in Europe updated June Cocaine market in Europe, price, purity, seizures updated June

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