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Now the parallel is in use again as one of the preferred routes for South-American drug cartels for cocaine, with West-Africa as a stockpiling stopover along the way to the growing European market. In the fourteen years since the route has been fully functional, West-Africa has suffered the spillover effects of the drug trade. After the seizure of first eight tonnes of cocaine and then 1. Besides the obvious detrimental effects on health and the social fabric in the country, does the drug trade also have the potential of bringing about political violence and military adventurism as it has done in other West-African nations before? Nicholas Ibekwe is the Deputy Head of Investigations at Nigeria's foremost online newspaper, Premium Times, and a multi-award-winning journalist. Journalismfund Europe's flexible grants programmes enable journalists to produce relevant public interest stories with a European mind-set from international, national, and regional perspectives. We rely on your support to continue the work that we do. Make a gift of any amount today. Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn. Highway How West-Africa pays for Europe's cocaine addiction. The beach of Grand-Bassam, half an hour's drive from Abidjan and close to the border with Ghana. Every month the authorities remove fishing boats from the water with cannabis or illegal pills on board. Facebook Twitter E-mail. Team members. Daan Bauwens. Daan Bauwens is a Belgium-based investigative journalist. Read more. Nicholas Ibekwe. Apply support independent cross-border investigative journalism We rely on your support to continue the work that we do. Behind the scenes of the Belgian Special Tax Inspectorate. Corruption Finance Justice. Self-service at Action Damien. Sanctioned Belarussian Oligarch gets Lucky in Latvia. Be the first to get informed about our grant deadlines. Catch up on our most recent supported projects. Stay up-to-date with the latest developments in investigative journalism. Email Address.

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By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. To browse Academia. Substance abuse and addiction have become global problems, especially among adolescents and young adults. Many young people develop addictions to other substances and stimulants with comparable effects to narcotics. Substance abuse is a significant concern within the medical profession, particularly for psychiatry, psychology, social workers, and researchers. Exposure to drug use and misuse has been shown to be related to adverse effects on physical and mental health. The data for this study was obtained through an online questionnaire. To meet the criteria of the survey, more questions were included. The survey was structured into eight sections. The questionnaire was composed of 32 statements. In total, people decided to take part in the survey. Regarding the participants ages, Our survey data shows that gatherings are the most common setting for cannabis use, followed by homes and schools. Substances taken with a doctor's prescription are prone to abuse and misuse. Substance use disorder can lead to neglecting relationships, neglecting family, and confrontations or fights. It is essential to improve the education of our young people, and it is essential for clinicians to be mindful of whom they prescribe medications to. Drug use or abuse is a public health issue bedeviling not only the school system but the general populace in contemporary times. The problem is being handled by different governmental and non-governmental agencies in both the national and international spheres. The measures used to curtail the problem appears not to be yielding many results as the problem continues and is even taking more sophisticated dimensions. The paper was therefore advanced as a proposal to first examine some of the prevailing factors possibly influencing drug use or abuse. An understanding of the factors will be a leverage to avoid the behaviour of drug use or abuse using the School Drug Control Programme. School individuals who have not experimented with drugs, at high-risk of drug use or abuse, casual users, and habitual users addicts are possible beneficiaries of the programme. The programme was presented in five detailed areas with recommendations following. Drug abuse is the willful misuse of either licit or illicit drugs for the purpose of recreation, perceived necessity or convenience. Drug abuse is a more intense and often willful misuse of drugs often to the point of addiction. In the eastern world the incidence shows a decline or a static pattern but the number of drug addicts is still enormous.. The major drug of abuse are heroin and marijuana but designer drugs are shown to be on the increase. The aim of the study is to determine the ratio of the drug abuse in student. High proportion of students was found abusing drugs. From this study, we came across multiple factors which are the main cause of drug abuse in medical student including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, as well as personality disorder like antisocial personali Gli studi raccolti nel volume trattano aspetti differenti della scrittura femminile. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Related papers Drug abuse preventio in the school: four year lollow-up of a programme Anton G. Drug abuse among the students Junaid Qureshi. Schuhmann - Altsaechsisches Taufgeloebnis Roland Schuhmann. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience. This consumption has a considerable impact on the physical and psychological health as well as on the academic performance of pupils and students. Objective: To understand the modalities of care for pupils and students who use drugs received at the Addiction Center of Grand-Bassam. Material and method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive purpose, carried out over a period of 03 months and which covered 52 files. Results: Patients had an age between 15 and 25 years The demand for care was mainly therapeutic injunctions The consequences of this drug use were the deterioration of the physical and mental health of the users, making it difficult to continue their schooling. The main psychiatric pathologies encountered were transient acute delusional psychoses The most widely used drug was cannabis All patients admitted to the centre had received withdrawal, antipsychotic treatment and psychotherapy. Conclusion: This would achieve quality care for pupils and students who use drugs by encouraging the use of free care among this population, but also by increasing the number of adapted specialized structures that will use teams of specialized therapists. Introduction The use of psycho-active substances commonly known as drugs is a global public health problem. This problem affects a significant segment of the most vulnerable population according to the WHO: youth, the future of any nation \[10\]. Drug use by pupils and students causes serious psychiatric and somatic disorders on the health of the user \[7\]. This consumption is at the origin of both disciplinary and criminal sanctions \[10\]. It causes a deterioration in the user's quality of life as well as family dynamics \[3\]. Faced with the seriousness of the problem of drug use, many measures have been taken to curb it \[2\]. Specialized centers in addictology have been created. Unfortunately, many relapses jeopardize the prognosis of school reintegration. It is in this center that we decided to conduct this study based on the analysis of the files of students and students who use drugs from to The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the care of pupils and students who use drugs. The purpose was to omit the procedures for the care of pupils and students who use drugs received at the GrandBassam addiction center. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with descriptive purposes on the records of students who used drugs followed in this center from to The data collected in each patient file were provided on individual survey sheets containing socio-demographic variables, clinical and addictive profile as well as management modalities. Patients who were received outside of to were not included in our study. The data collected was analyzed using epi-Info software. Anonymous processing of files was respected. According to the selection criteria, 52 out of files of pupils and students who used drugs were selected. Transient acute psychotic disorders accounted for Among these users, Almost all respondents are polyconsumers in All patients admitted to the center had received withdrawal, antipsychotic treatment and psychotherapy. Discussion 4. In recenty study in nigeria, The mean age of the drugs users was 20 years. The proportions of female and male students were The precocity of consumption is explained by the fact that they are mostly pre-adolescents and young adolescents in the phase of experimentation with the realities of life. In addition, the variability of the figures found would be the fact that consumption concerning these ages is growing strongly. Indeed, they are looking for experiences, identification, and adventures as Lamas states: 'adolescence is the privileged period of experimentation with psychoactive substances \[6\]. Regardless of the parent the user lives with and the type of family from which they come, the risks of drug use are present. This observation is evocative. Indeed, traditionally, the constituted family that would be a protective factor would be losing this role. This could be the fact that the conflicting family situation plays an important role in drug use. One of the causes of failure in schools could be explained by the high use of drugs in this environment. Marceli D. Clinical and Addictive Profile The use of care is in most cases by a third party. It is the entourage that most often perceives the devastating effects and that will force it to be taken care of as the Koutouan study where The reasons for the use of care are most often due to the disastrous consequences that show the impact of consumption on all living standards of the user. Hence the importance of early and quality care. The fact of having been taken care of several times could be explained by the fact that the users really do not adhere to the treatment and have become problematic dependent users. They could submit to care contracts either to comply with the wishes of the parents or to escape criminal sanctions. This is explained by the availability of cannabis, alcohol and tobacco. According to Albin Michel for a long time, the attention of professionals was focused on so-called hard drugs and their effects; the other so-called soft ones did not cause any concern \[1\]. Today, their consumption has increased significantly, making cannabis a mass consumer product. Increasingly, there is a growing awareness that schools and universities responsible for education are losing their primary role. A change in the mapping of places of consumption tends to make the school one of the places prized for consumption. One would understand why they did not hesitate to take risks by using consumption routes to have faster effects such as the smoked way. As for the reasons for the drug initiation of our respondents, they were diverse but dominated by the forgetand-mindedness of worries. Forgetting worries, would be due to the stress related to studies or conflicts within family homes. According to Obadeji A and al. All respondents developed psychiatric disorders in parallel with their drug use. Psychiatric disorders developed by pupils and students who use drugs could not enable them to pursue their studies properly. Indeed, for Naplan \[11\], the repeated use of drugs promotes difficulties in concentration, memorization that can lead to dropping out of school \[9\]. This aspect of the study shows the harmful nature of drugs on the mental health of the user but also on his schooling. This could complicate the care that will have to be done at several levels. The Modalities of Care The fourth of all our respondents had benefited from hospitalization for better care. The modalities of management of this center oriented towards the systematic weaning of all patients would explain this high rate of hospitalization. Isolating the patient from his supply site, his consumption environment could be an important factor in stopping consumption they had also received drug and non-drug treatment. The long stay of our respondents under duress could be explained by the problem of their consumption which requires a longer hospital stay which is based on motivational principles. Thus, this will make it possible to establish with them an individualized therapeutic project and an adapted care. Conclusion From our retrospective study from to we found that this phenomenon is common among young people aged 15 to 25 with a predominance of the male gender. The age of onset of consumption is becoming earlier and earlier. We found that our subjects were predominantly dependent and had psychiatric disorders and 84 severe somatic pathologies. Unfortunately, recourse to care does not emanate from themselves but rather from a parental, judicial injunction whose expectations differ from their own. This does not promote the subject's adherence to the care project and the provider's free will. This situation remains one of the striking factors of the many hospitalizations because of the constraint that essentially characterizes this care. This would achieve quality care for pupils and students who use drugs by encouraging the use of free care among this population, but also by increasing the number of adapted specialized structures that will use teams of specialized therapists. Appendix Table 1. Epidemiological data. Clinical Data. Addictive data. Childhoods, Families, Generations, 13 , Adesida and al. Use of psychoactive substances among students in a Nigerian University: An imperative for intervention programs. J Res Health Sci. Addiction et adolescence in M. Addictologie , Elsevier Masson pp Psychiatric and somatic disorders induced by cannabis. Evaluation Review, 26 6 : Therapeutic Data. Editons Albin Michel, Fact Sheet No. Study of psychometric properties of problem-solving skills questionnaire heppner and petersen in primary school students of birjand Majid Ebrahimpour. Armando Marques-Guedes. Mantenimiento para PC Enrique Mendez. Poor insight and psychosis Orestis Giotakos. Ensayo familia Michelle Andrade. Information apocalypse or overblown fears-what AI mis-and disinformation is all about? Form-function analysis of the effect of canopy morphology on leaf self-shading in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum Susana Enriquez.

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