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This allows us to draw conclusions on drug use — not of individuals, but of entire cities. A study carried out in and in 42 European cities shows that above-average quantities of cocaine are consumed in Basel, Geneva, St. Gallen and Zurich. Berne sits in the mid-range, whilst Antwerp and Amsterdam come out on top. In , wastewater samples from European cities were tested for drug traces for the third time. Basel, Berne, Geneva, St. Gallen and Zurich were among the 42 cities which took part in the study. Over the course of a week, the wastewater of around 1. The findings are published today in the peer-reviewed journal Addiction. Along with the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Eawag, the work involved over 20 other research bodies and laboratories. Zurich had the third highest cocaine use after Antwerp Belgium and Amsterdam The Netherlands during the week in which the study took place. Taking account of estimates with regard to purity and metabolism, around 1. With the exception of Berne, the other Swiss cities are also above the European average, with Basel and Geneva in 9th and 10th place, St. Gallen in 12th place, and Berne at number Whether it is that the cocaine being used in Switzerland has a comparatively high level of purity, or there is a higher use per head or more users than was previously estimated from other studies is yet unknown. In contrast, the figures for the designer drug crystal meth sit well below the average. The forerunners in this case are the Czech cities of Prague and Budweis, and Oslo, capital of Norway. Detailed tables can be found in the aforementioned article. The wastewater analysis enables the reconstruction of a snapshot mapping drug use over time. As one might expect, the use of the recreational drug ecstasy varies dramatically between normal workdays and the weekend see graph. One-week profile of ecstasy and cocaine: showing what proportion of the total amount in the week was used on each individual day; With cocaine, the difference between workdays and weekends is smaller, but nevertheless still statistically significant. This indicates that cocaine is also used during the week — and to some extent on a daily basis by addicts. Unfortunately, the analysis figures for cannabis in Switzerland did not meet the stringent requirements for the participating laboratories. As Switzerland is known to have a high level of cannabis use, this data would have been particularly interesting. For him, what is of far greater importance is the objective of obtaining comparative data much more quickly than is currently possible with national drug monitoring programmes. The small numbers of cases, for example, imply that these programmes cannot adequately indicate how many people use a drug in a particular region. When combined with data from other studies and statistics e. The rise is attributed to an increase in the purity of the cocaine and to higher-dose ecstasy pills. Original article : Spatial differences and temporal changes in illicit drug use in Europe quantified by wastewater analysis. Christoph Ort Eawag , Alexander L. Address for enquiries. Dr Christoph Ort Eawag, Dept. Top of page. Homepage Main navigation Content area Sitemap Search. Main Navigation The Federal Council. Search Search Search. Breadcrumb Swiss government - Homepage Documentation Press releases Wastewater reveals drug consumption picture. End of page. Back to overview. High levels of cocaine in Zurich Zurich had the third highest cocaine use after Antwerp Belgium and Amsterdam The Netherlands during the week in which the study took place. Ecstasy — primarily at weekends The wastewater analysis enables the reconstruction of a snapshot mapping drug use over time. Social share.
The analysis of wastewater to quantify drug loads provides near real-time drug use estimates that globally correspond to prevalence and seizure data.
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A study carried out in and in 42 European cities shows that above-average quantities of cocaine are consumed in Basel, Geneva, St. Gallen and Zurich.
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