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Coca prices have collapsed in parts of Colombia amid record hectares of cultivation. Could oversupply do what years of eradication have failed to achieve, prompting coca farmers to switch to legal crops? This is wishful thinking, as world cocaine prices remain stable even as new markets in Asia are developed by traffickers, with European mafias assuming a growing role in the global trade. The reasons behind the decline in coca prices in parts of Colombia obey three different dynamics: conflict in areas of cultivation, which creates uncertainty and keeps buyers away; the saturation of drug smuggling routes out of Colombia amid high seizures; and the extraordinarily rapid growth in coca cultivation, with which supply chains have struggled to keep pace. But we believe that during this gap will be closed, and global organized crime, especially in Colombia and Peru, will enjoy bloated profits. They also provided a one-stop shop for traffickers, not only securing access to the raw material, but protecting drug laboratories, internal movement corridors, and departure points. Now traffickers have to deal with multiple warring factions in areas the FARC once dominated: the eastern plains, the southern jungles, and much of the Pacific coastline. And it will adapt fast. Potential cocaine production in Colombia alone has increased since by tons. UNODC figures had possible cocaine production at 1, tons in , and at 1, tons in This is a huge potential windfall for transnational organized crime and already Mexican and European traffickers are queuing up to get their share of the Colombian cocaine bonanza. With the growing volume of cocaine shipments, seizures are up. Yet the seizure rate is barely keeping up with the increase in production, while the government policy to reduce eradication of drug crops means that potential cocaine production is still rising, even if, as the UNODC suggested to InSight Crime, coca cultivation is leveling off. There is currently cocaine stacked up in the supply chain, waiting for export. This is a non-perishable product that has a shelf life, if vacuum-packed, of at least five years. The US market for cocaine has remained relatively stable for years. The European market is still growing. Of the 10 largest seizures of cocaine in European history, five were recorded during , according to an InSight Crime database. European criminals are increasingly being arrested upstream in Latin America as they negotiate to secure cocaine at its source and seek to maximize their earnings per kilogram by arranging their own transport. The InSight Crime database also revealed that 38 senior European drug traffickers have been arrested across Latin America and the Caribbean since , more than the previous 10 years combined, with Italians leading the tally, followed by the Dutch, and then traffickers from the Balkans. Here there are strong middle classes with significant incomes, virgin markets ripe for exploitation. The traffickers consulted expressed no worries of international prices falling. They were focused on diversifying markets beyond the traditional destinations of the United States and Western Europe. Control of the business will be achieved when one of the warring factions gains hegemonic control over certain coca-growing areas. Ideology now plays little part in the Colombian civil conflict, and different factions have already shown a willingness to work with foes in the interests of maximizing earnings from the drug trade. While conflict between different factions will continue in certain parts of Colombia during , in others it seems likely that new front lines and cooperation agreements will be negotiated, allowing the cocaine business to flourish once again. While coca cultivation has grown exponentially in Colombia, Peru and Bolivia have also seen increases. What is worrying in these two nations is how political chaos is pushing counternarcotics strategies further and further down the list of government priorities. In Peru, President Pedro Castillo was removed from office and imprisoned in December , while his deputy and successor, Dina Boluarte, has faced widespread civil unrest. Bolivia is preparing for general elections for the presidency and Congress in In Colombia, Petro has seen his approval ratings drop to the lowest point of his tenure. All of this means that there will be diminishing resistance to cocaine trafficking during in the main production nations, while transnational organized crime sorts out its supply chain issues. A worrying development has been the establishment of industrial plantations of coca outside of the three traditional growers of Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. Venezuela, Guatemala, and Honduras have now replicated the cocaine production system established in Colombia, with coca fields alongside laboratories and airstrips or close to other departure points. While still in its infancy in these nations, Colombia has shown that despite billions in US aid aimed at reducing production, once coca takes root it is very difficult to eradicate. Central America is now an ideal place to grow coca. The damage of the cocaine trade is not restricted to the producer nations. As interdiction in Colombia improves, traffickers need to find new ways of getting the drugs to market. And with there being no land bridge to Europe, maritime trafficking is the norm, meaning that ports with international container shipping are particularly sought after by transnational organized crime. Perhaps the most sobering story of the dangers for any transit nation has been that of Ecuador during With the port of Guayaquil one of the principal contamination points for cocaine shipments heading to Europe, the country has seen its murder rate quadruple over the last five years and seen native organized crime, allied with Colombians, Mexicans, and Europeans drug trafficking organizations, undergo unprecedented growth. So much so that criminals did not hesitate, in August , to assassinate a presidential candidate, Fernando Villavicencio, who was campaigning on a tough security platform. Cocaine has long been the foundation of transnational organized crime in Latin America and the Caribbean. While synthetic drug production, illegal gold mining, human smuggling, and human trafficking, as well as environmental crime, earned billions for criminal syndicates in , cocaine remains the principal driver of criminal evolution and earnings. So, when those cocaine earnings can increase by billions of dollars, the threats to Latin America and the Caribbean are potentially very grave. How many new cartel members can be recruited with increased cocaine earnings? How many officials can be corrupted, how many communities can be won over, how much more state penetration and criminal governance will we see in a region where democracy is already under siege? And how much more violence will be generated as different criminal groups, with state embedded allies, fight for control of the trade? Latin America faces a new challenge in an established criminal economy during While Europe has awoken to the threats the cocaine trade presents to the Old World, dedicating more resources and home and upstream, to fight the drug flow, the United States, long the dominant regional player in the fight against cocaine, has lost focus. Fentanyl and migration dominate the political agenda in Washington, even as the country readies for presidential elections, while US influence in Latin America wanes, especially in the two nations key to fighting the cocaine scourge: Colombia and Mexico. While transnational organized crime will focus during on the cocaine bonanza, politicians across the region are going to be distracted. McDermott has more than two decades of experience reporting from around Latin America. He is a former British Army officer, who saw active More by Jeremy McDermott. In , Dudley More by Steven Dudley. Subscribe to our newsletter to receive a weekly digest of the latest organized crime news and stay up-to-date on major events, trends, and criminal dynamics from across the region. Donate today to empower research and analysis about organized crime in Latin America and the Caribbean, from the ground up. Skip to content. Jeremy McDermott. Steven Dudley. Stay Informed With InSight Crime Subscribe to our newsletter to receive a weekly digest of the latest organized crime news and stay up-to-date on major events, trends, and criminal dynamics from across the region.

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Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data partially from exclusive partnerships. A paid subscription is required for full access. Additional Information. Various sources refers to different sections of the Colombian government which contributed to the study, including the Ministry of Justice, Ministry of National Defense, the national police, the Colombian drugs observatory, amongst others. Kidnapping cases in Latin American and Caribbean countries As a Premium user you get access to the detailed source references and background information about this statistic. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. As soon as this statistic is updated, you will immediately be notified via e-mail. The statistic on this page is a Premium Statistic and is included in this account. The account requires an annual contract and will renew after one year to the regular list price. Skip to main content. Premium statistics. Read more. In , the average price of fresh cocaine leaves in the Amazonia region was 2, Colombian pesos per kilogram, the highest among the different regions in Colombia. For cocaine hydrochloride, the region with the highest price was Orinoquia, while the Sierra Nevada had the lowest with 3. That year, the land area used for the illicit cultivation of coca in Colombia reached thousand hectares. You need a Statista Account for unlimited access. Get full access. Already have an account? Show source. Show detailed source information? Register for free Already a member? Log in. More information. Supplementary notes. Other statistics on the topic. Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. Then you can access your favorite statistics via the star in the header. Profit from the additional features of your individual account. Currently, you are using a shared account. To use individual functions e. If you are an admin, please authenticate by logging in again. You need to upgrade your Account to download this statistic. Register for free. You need one of our Business Solutions to use this function. View Business Solutions. Basic Account For single users. Access limited to Free Statistics. Premium Statistics are not included. Based on your interests. Starter Account For single users. Buy now. Professional Account For teams of up to 5 people. Compare accounts. Statistics on ' Crime and violence in Colombia ' The most important statistics. The most important statistics. Other statistics that may interest you Crime and violence in Colombia Overview 5. Premium Statistic Most common property crimes in Colombia Premium Statistic Colombia: number of registered vehicle thefts - Premium Statistic House robbery rate in Colombia , by city Premium Statistic Robbery rate in Colombia , by city Premium Statistic Registered thefts from businesses count in Colombia Premium Statistic Registered thefts from financial entities count in Colombia Premium Statistic Most frequent corruption and economic crimes in Colombia Premium Statistic Registered extortion cases count in Colombia Basic Statistic Colombia: corruption perception index Basic Statistic Risk index of money laundering and terrorist financing in Colombia Basic Statistic Colombia: public opinion on groups involved in corruption Basic Statistic Colombia: opinion on severity of corruption Basic Statistic Colombia: bribery victimization rate Basic Statistic Colombia: homicide rate Premium Statistic Number of murders in Colombia Basic Statistic Colombia: share of homicides , by area Basic Statistic Number of homicides in Colombia , by region Premium Statistic Colombia: number of violent deaths , by cause Premium Statistic Colombia: number of femicides Basic Statistic Colombia: departments with most femicides Premium Statistic Colombia: number of femicide victims , by perpetrator relationship. Premium Statistic Colombia: average price of cocaine by region Basic Statistic Colombia: area of illicit coca cultivation Premium Statistic Colombia: coca eradication area Basic Statistic Colombia: cocaine seizure volume Premium Statistic Colombia: volume of cocaine paste seizures Premium Statistic Colombia: marijuana seizures Further Content: You might find this interesting as well. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. October 31, Average price of selected illicit cocaine products in Colombia in in Colombian pesos per kilogram \[Graph\]. In Statista. Accessed October 21, Average price of selected illicit cocaine products in Colombia in in Colombian pesos per kilogram. Statista Inc.. Accessed: October 21,

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