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The rat oxycodone and cocaine biobanks contain samples that vary by genotypes by using genetically diverse genotyped HS rats , phenotypes by measuring addiction-like behaviors in an advanced SA model , timepoints samples are collected longitudinally before, during, and after SA, and terminally at three different timepoints in the addiction cycle: intoxication, withdrawal, and abstinence or without exposure to drugs through age-matched naive rats , samples collected organs, cells, biofluids, feces , preservation paraformaldehyde-fixed, snap-frozen, or cryopreserved and application proteomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, epigenetics, anatomy, circuitry analysis, biomarker discovery, etc. Substance use disorders SUDs are pervasive in our society and have substantial personal and socioeconomical costs. A critical hurdle in identifying biomarkers and novel targets for medication development is the lack of resources for obtaining biological samples with a detailed behavioral characterization of SUD. Moreover, it is nearly impossible to find longitudinal samples. As part of two ongoing large-scale behavioral genetic studies in heterogeneous stock HS rats, we have created two preclinical biobanks using well-validated long access LgA models of intravenous cocaine and oxycodone self-administration SA and comprehensive characterization of addiction-related behaviors. The genetic diversity in HS rats mimics diversity in the human population and includes individuals that are vulnerable or resilient to compulsive-like responding for cocaine or oxycodone. Longitudinal samples are collected throughout the experiment, before exposure to the drug, during intoxication, acute withdrawal, and protracted abstinence, and include naive, age-matched controls. Samples include, but are not limited to, blood plasma, feces and urine, whole brains, brain slices and punches, kidney, liver, spleen, ovary, testis, and adrenal glands. Three preservation methods fixed in formaldehyde, snap-frozen, or cryopreserved are used to facilitate diverse downstream applications such as proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, microbiomics, neuroanatomy, biomarker discovery, and other cellular and molecular approaches. Keywords: biological specimen banks; opioid; outbred strains; psychostimulant; substance-related disorders. Abstract The rat oxycodone and cocaine biobanks contain samples that vary by genotypes by using genetically diverse genotyped HS rats , phenotypes by measuring addiction-like behaviors in an advanced SA model , timepoints samples are collected longitudinally before, during, and after SA, and terminally at three different timepoints in the addiction cycle: intoxication, withdrawal, and abstinence or without exposure to drugs through age-matched naive rats , samples collected organs, cells, biofluids, feces , preservation paraformaldehyde-fixed, snap-frozen, or cryopreserved and application proteomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, epigenetics, anatomy, circuitry analysis, biomarker discovery, etc. Publication types Review. Substances Oxycodone Cocaine.