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Paul Scott Anderson has had a passion for space exploration that began when he was a child when he watched Carl Sagan’s Cosmos. While in school he was known for his passion for space exploration and astronomy. He started his blog The Meridiani Journal in 2005, which was a chronicle of planetary exploration. In 2015, the blog was renamed as Planetaria. While interested in all aspects of space exploration, his primary passion is planetary science. In 2011, he started writing about space on a freelance basis, and now currently writes for AmericaSpace and Futurism (part of Vocal). He has also written for Universe Today and SpaceFlight Insider, and has also been published in The Mars Quarterly and has done supplementary writing for the well-known iOS app Exoplanet for iPhone and iPad.
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Just like living things, stars are born, they live and then they die. But did you know that, in some cases, a “dead” star might be reignited , if only for a few seconds? That is the finding from a new peer-reviewed study by astrophysicist Chris Fragile, which was published in The Astrophysical Journal on August 16, 2018. The research focuses on computer simulations showing what happens when a star or other object passes too close to a black hole. One finding is of particular interest. The work suggests a way in which a black hole can bring a white dwarf star – the now-dead core of a once-sunlike star – fleetingly back to life.
Specifically, if the white dwarf passes close to a black hole, then it experiences simultaneous, intense stretching and compression , caused by the overwhelming tidal force from the black hole. During this tidal disruption event , which might last only seconds, nuclear fusion within the white dwarf might briefly reignite.
It’s the process of nuclear fusion that enables “living” stars, like our sun, to shine.
It is possible , according to Fragile’s study, but certain conditions have to occur first. The white dwarf has to pass relatively close to a black hole of intermediate mass , that is, about 1,000 to 10,000 times the mass of our sun. The white dwarf must pass close to the hole, within its tidal radius , which indicates the distance between the black hole and white dwarf at which the gravity of the black hole exceeds that of the white dwarf. At this radius, the black hole begins to rip the white dwarf apart. But, in Fragile’s scenario, the white dwarf passes within the tidal radius of the black hole for, at most, only a few seconds. That is enough time for nuclear burning to restart inside the white dwarf and – through the process of nuclear fusion – for most of the white dwarf’s matter to be converted into other elements before the star blows itself apart.
As of now, astronomers have not yet discovered many intermediate-mass black holes, although this doesn’t mean that large numbers of them don’t exist. It might just mean they are hard to find. Fragile said in a statement from the College of Charleston:
It is important to know how many intermediate-mass black holes exist, as this will help answer the question of where supermassive black holes come from [because some models suggest supermassive black holes form via accretion from intermediate-mass black holes].
Finding intermediate-mass black holes through tidal disruption events would be a tremendous advancement.
As for tidal disruption events, astronomers haven’t yet observed many of those either, only about a dozen or so. None of those observed are thought to involve a white dwarf star. Tidal disruption events that do involve a white dwarf should be easily detectable, however. Fragile said such events can produce huge electromagnetic radiation outbursts and even gravitational wave signals. He said current and future observing programs, such as the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASASSN), the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will continue to search for them.
Tidal disruption events that do involve white dwarfs are still being studied by computer simulations , as well. Such simulations have already found that nuclear burning should be a common outcome. Closer approaches by the white dwarf to the black hole will produce the element iron, while more distant approaches will produce calcium . There should also be short bursts of gravitational waves powerful enough to be detected by future instruments.
The nuclear burning is an important aspect of a tidal disruption event, since the chemical makeup of the white dwarf is radically altered. The previous helium, carbon and oxygen found in a white dwarf are converted to elements closer to iron on the periodic table. Some of that affected material is flung out into space, where it will contribute to the birth of new stars and planets.
Black holes are often depicted as tearing apart any object that comes too close to them; that may be pretty much true, but sometimes that violent event can apparently also, at least very temporarily, reignite a star under certain circumstances. It’s a good example of how bizarre and unexpected the universe can be, and how modern technology can help find cosmic phenomena that were never even known to occur or exist before.
Bottom line: Tidal disruption events involving intermediate-mass black holes and white dwarf stars seem to be fairly rare, but they can seemingly do something that sounds impossible – briefly bring a star back to life.

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Black Holes take you to a fixed star system across the galaxy . If any technology modules exist in your starship general inventory, some may be be damaged at random upon arrival to the new system (modules in technology inventory are safe). Black holes will always move you closer to the centre by approximately 7,000 light-years (+/- 1,000 ly) unless they are part of the hyper black holes which can be used to travel vast distances of over 300,000 light-years towards it.

Even though your ship may be capable of traveling further by warping several times in a row, it does not fly a linear path. Instead, your warp navigation is calculated by navigating past several systems along the route. So if you travel 5,000 ly with your ship, you may only be 2,500 ly closer to the centre, or roughly 50% of the distance your ship actually travelled.

Black hole travel is one of the fastest ways to the centre of the galaxy discounting the ancient Portal network. Using black hole jumps, it is possible to reach the Galaxy Centre from the starting system (~700K ly away) in 2.5 - 3 hours. The effective warp speed achieved with black hole travel is ~5,500 ly/min. With Beyond and Synthesis changes it is possible to achieve effective warp speed of 5,900 - 6,000 ly/min using an Explorer with 3,300ly range.

Traveling through black holes will (almost) always take you closer to the Galaxy Centre by several thousand more light-years than any Hyperdrive can accomplish, but this is NOT linear. There will be a report at the end of the trip detailing how far you traveled, but this isn't how much closer you got to the Galaxy Centre. The actual direction of travel could be anywhere around the Galaxy Centre, so it's possible you may actually travel through the galactic core to your destination. Regardless, you will (almost) always end up around 7000 light-years closer to the Galaxy Centre (even though you may have traveled through the galactic core to get there). So if you transit a black hole, don't expect to be able to find your previous position in the Galaxy Map.

Black holes are a spatial anomaly that can be found by asking Specialist Polo in the Space Anomaly for "a shortcut to the centre", or by stumbling upon them in a Black Hole System. If you learn the location of a black hole by talking to Polo, it will appear as a Waypoints selection at the top of your galactic map. Later on during the journey they will also be highlighted on the Galactic Map as a black star. After birthing a new star at the end of The Atlas Path , a traveller gains the ability to see all black holes on the nearby Galactic Map.

Every region has exactly one Black Hole System with the Portal System ID of 079 ( 079 ). This allows to track them down by using a local portal to find the system inside a region without the black hole radar. Be aware that since the late NEXT era black holes do not appear in systems that were reached by a portal, even though the signal booster may show the hexadecimal address.

The last number hereby refers to the same portal system ID, just with an extra 0 to fit the signal booster format.

Black Holes which are part of the four spirals of a galaxy have the unique ability to bridge huge distances unlike their normal counterparts, turning the Outer Rim into a black hole highway. Any hyper black hole will target a specific system all around the outer galactic shell and can bridge over 300,000 light-years towards the centre and over two million overall. This is due to a lack of systems around the centre at the same distance as the spirals. The nearest system possible around The Fade at the same angle is chosen. This also works to a lesser degree for all other black holes near the Fade aside of the upper and lower rim due to their limited radius of 50.000 light-years.

The furthest recorded travel is Uining-Reyan OR-Alpha - Vaavid XI with 339,328 ly towards the centre and 1,846,461 ly away.
The longest recorded travel is Afangdi - Uxtonbro with 149,453 ly towards the centre and 2,158,894 ly away from its original location.

Black hole exit coordinates in Ijsenufryos

Spawn system galactic map in Nipikulha

Black hole exit coordinates in Nipikulha

Spawn system galactic map in Autsurabin

Black hole exit galactic map in Autsurabin

Black hole exit coordinates in Autsurabin

Spawn system galactic map in Lusontrygiamh

Black hole exit galactic map in Lusontrygiamh

Black hole exit coordinates in Lusontrygiamh

Spawn system galactic map in Rewmanawa

This article is about the current version of Black Holes. For the Endurance version, see Black Hole (Endurance) .

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