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J Clin Sleep Med

v.5(5); 2009 Oct 15

PMC2762719

J Clin Sleep Med. 2009 Oct 15; 5(5): 459–463.
Find articles by Monica L. Andersen
1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
2 Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Address correspondence to: Rogerio Santos-Silva, RPSGT, Ph.D.,
Rua Napoleão de Barros 925, CEP 04024-002, São Paulo/SP, Brazil, Phone: 55 11 21490155, Fax: 55 11 55725092, rb.mpe.oibocisp@ss.regor
Received 2008 Dec; Revised 2009 Apr; Accepted 2009 Apr.
Copyright © 2009 American Academy of Sleep Medicine
Keywords: Sleep, sleep complaints, epidemiology, Brazilian survey, gender
† = Others included sleeptalking and bruxism;
* = p < 0.05 compared with age groups younger than 45 y;
# = p < 0.05 compared with the other gender.
1. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328 :1230–5. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
2. Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Eberhard H, Uhlenhuth MD. Insomnia and its treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985; 42 :225–32. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
3. Gottlieb DJ, Whitney CW, Bonekat WH, et al. Relation of sleepiness to respiratory disturbance index. The Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999; 159 :502–7. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
4. Akerstedt T. Sleepiness as a consequence of shift work. Sleep. 1988; 11 :17–34. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
5. Sateia MJ. Neuropsychological impairment and quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Chest Med. 2003; 24 :249–59. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
6. Alchanatis M, Zias N, Deligiorgis N, Amfilochiou A, Dionellis G, Orphanidou D. Sleep apnea-related cognitive deficits and intelligence: an implication of cognitive reserve theory. J Sleep Res. 2005; 14 :69–75. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
7. Shamsuzzaman AS, Gersh BJ, Somers VK. Obstructive sleep apnea: implications for cardiac and vascular disease. JAMA. 2003; 290 :1906–14. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
8. Masa JF, Rubio M, Findley LJ. Habitually sleepy drivers have a high frequency of automobile crashes associated with respiratory disorders during sleep. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000; 162 :1407–12. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
9. Ingre M, Akerstedt T, Peters B, Anund A, Kecklund G, Pickles A. Subjective sleepiness and accident risk avoiding the ecological fallacy. J Sleep Res. 2006; 15 :142–8. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
10. Connor J, Norton R, Ameratunga S, et al. Driver sleepiness and risk of serious injury to car occupants: population based case control study. BMJ. 2002; 324 :1125. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
11. Dinges DF. An overview of sleepiness and accidents. J Sleep Res. 1995; 4 :4–14. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
12. Braz S, Hirshkowitz M, Tufik S, Neumann BG, Karacan I. Survey of sleep complaints among 1000 residents of São Paulo. Sleep Res. 1990; 19 :198. [ Google Scholar ]
13. Rocha FL, Guerra HL, Lima-Costa MF. Prevalence of insomnia and associated socio-demographic factors in a Brazilian community: the Bambui study. Sleep Med. 2002; 3 :121–6. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
14. Pires MLN, Benedito-Silva AA, Mello MT, Del Giglio S, Pompeia C, Tufik S. Sleep habits and complaints of adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1987 and 1995. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007; 40 :1505–15. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
15. Souza JC, Magna LA, Reimao R. Insomnia and hypnotic use in Campo Grande general population Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2002; 60 :702–7. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
16. Reimao R, Souza JC, Guerra HL, Gaudioso CEV. Hàbitos do sono e insônia em indígenas Bororó adultos. In: Reimao R, editor. Sono, sonho e seus distúrbios. Sao Paulo: Frontis; 1999. pp. 143–4. [ Google Scholar ]
17. Blanco M, Kriber N, Cardinali DP. A survey of sleeping difficulties in an urban Latin American population. Rev Neurol. 2004; 39 :115–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
18. Soldatos CR, Allaert FA, Ohta T, Dikeos DG. How do individuals sleep around the world? Results from a single-day survey in ten countries. Sleep Med. 2005; 6 :5–13. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
19. Kish L. Survey sampling. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 1965. [ Google Scholar ]
20. Deaton A. The analysis of household surveys: a microeconomic approach to development policy. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 1997. [ Google Scholar ]
21. Lavie P, Lavie L, Herer P. All-cause mortality in males with sleep apnoea syndrome: declining mortality rates with age. Eur Respir J. 2005; 25 :514–20. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
22. Ohayon MM. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002; 6 :97–111. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
23. Léger D, Guilleminault C, Dreyfus JP, Delahaye C, Paillard M. Prevalence of insomnia in a survey of 12,778 adults in France. J Sleep Res. 2000; 9 :35–42. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
24. Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Uhlenhuth EH. Insomnia and its treatment: prevalence and correlates. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985; 42 :225–32. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
25. Ohayon MM, Guilleminault C, Priest RG, Zulley J, Smirne S. Is sleep-disordered breathing an independent risk factor for hypertension in the general population (13,057 subjects)? J Psychosom Res. 2000; 48 :593–601. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
26. Noal RB, Menezes AM, Canani SF, Siqueira FV. Habitual snoring and obstructive sleep apnea in adults: population-based study in Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2008; 42 :224–33. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
27. Kamil MA, Teng CL, Hassan SA. Snoring and breathing pauses during sleep in the Malaysian population. Respirology. 2007; 12 :375–80. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
28. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005. International Classification of Sleep Disorders. [ Google Scholar ]
29. Janson C, Gislason T, De Backer W, et al. Prevalence of sleep disturbances among young adults in three European countries. Sleep. 1995; 18 :589–97. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
30. Miró E, Martinez MP. Affective and personality characteristics in function of nightmare prevalence, nightmare distress, and interference due to nightmares. Dreaming. 2005; 15 :89–105. [ Google Scholar ]
31. Schredl M, Reinhard I. Gender differences in dream recall: a meta-analysis. J Sleep Res. 2008; 17 :125–31. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
32. Hornyak M, Feige B, Riemann D, Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006; 10 :169–77. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
33. Ancoli-Israel S, Kripke DF, Klauber MR, Mason WJ, Fell R, Kaplan O. Periodic limb movements in sleep in community-dwelling elderly. Sleep. 1991; 14 :496–500. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
34. Allen RP, Walters AS, Montplaisir J, et al. Restless legs syndrome prevalence and impact: REST general population study. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165 :1286–92. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
35. Edinger JD, Hoelscher TJ, Webb MD, et al. Polysomnographic assessment of DIMS: empirical evaluation of its diagnostic value. Sleep. 1989; 12 :315–22. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
36. Krakow B, Melendrez D, Pederson B, et al. Complex insomnia: insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in a consecutive series of crime victims with nightmares and PTSD. Biol Psychiatry. 2001; 49 :948–53. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
37. Guilleminault C, Palombini L, Poyares D, Chowdhuri S. Chronic insomnia, postmenopausal women, and sleep disordered breathing: part 1. Frequency of sleep-disordered breathing in a cohort. J Psychosom Res. 2002; 53 :611–15. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
38. Krakow B, Melendrez D, Ferreira E, et al. Prevalence of insomnia symptoms in patients with sleep disordered breathing. Chest. 2001; 120 :1923–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
39. Hornyak M, Feige B, Riemann D, Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006; 10 :169–77. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
40. Ohayon MM, Morselli PL, Guilleminault C. Prevalence of nightmares and their relationship to psychopathology and daytime functioning in insomnia subjects. Sleep. 1997; 20 :340–8. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
Articles from Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine are provided here courtesy of American Academy of Sleep Medicine
1. Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Weber S, Badr S. The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328 :1230–5. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
2. Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Eberhard H, Uhlenhuth MD. Insomnia and its treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985; 42 :225–32. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
3. Gottlieb DJ, Whitney CW, Bonekat WH, et al. Relation of sleepiness to respiratory disturbance index. The Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999; 159 :502–7. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
4. Akerstedt T. Sleepiness as a consequence of shift work. Sleep. 1988; 11 :17–34. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
5. Sateia MJ. Neuropsychological impairment and quality of life in obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Chest Med. 2003; 24 :249–59. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
6. Alchanatis M, Zias N, Deligiorgis N, Amfilochiou A, Dionellis G, Orphanidou D. Sleep apnea-related cognitive deficits and intelligence: an implication of cognitive reserve theory. J Sleep Res. 2005; 14 :69–75. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
7. Shamsuzzaman AS, Gersh BJ, Somers VK. Obstructive sleep apnea: implications for cardiac and vascular disease. JAMA. 2003; 290 :1906–14. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
8. Masa JF, Rubio M, Findley LJ. Habitually sleepy drivers have a high frequency of automobile crashes associated with respiratory disorders during sleep. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000; 162 :1407–12. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
9. Ingre M, Akerstedt T, Peters B, Anund A, Kecklund G, Pickles A. Subjective sleepiness and accident risk avoiding the ecological fallacy. J Sleep Res. 2006; 15 :142–8. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
10. Connor J, Norton R, Ameratunga S, et al. Driver sleepiness and risk of serious injury to car occupants: population based case control study. BMJ. 2002; 324 :1125. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
11. Dinges DF. An overview of sleepiness and accidents. J Sleep Res. 1995; 4 :4–14. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
12. Braz S, Hirshkowitz M, Tufik S, Neumann BG, Karacan I. Survey of sleep complaints among 1000 residents of São Paulo. Sleep Res. 1990; 19 :198. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
13. Rocha FL, Guerra HL, Lima-Costa MF. Prevalence of insomnia and associated socio-demographic factors in a Brazilian community: the Bambui study. Sleep Med. 2002; 3 :121–6. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
14. Pires MLN, Benedito-Silva AA, Mello MT, Del Giglio S, Pompeia C, Tufik S. Sleep habits and complaints of adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1987 and 1995. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2007; 40 :1505–15. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
15. Souza JC, Magna LA, Reimao R. Insomnia and hypnotic use in Campo Grande general population Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2002; 60 :702–7. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
16. Reimao R, Souza JC, Guerra HL, Gaudioso CEV. Hàbitos do sono e insônia em indígenas Bororó adultos. In: Reimao R, editor. Sono, sonho e seus distúrbios. Sao Paulo: Frontis; 1999. pp. 143–4. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
17. Blanco M, Kriber N, Cardinali DP. A survey of sleeping difficulties in an urban Latin American population. Rev Neurol. 2004; 39 :115–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
18. Soldatos CR, Allaert FA, Ohta T, Dikeos DG. How do individuals sleep around the world? Results from a single-day survey in ten countries. Sleep Med. 2005; 6 :5–13. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
19. Kish L. Survey sampling. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 1965. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
20. Deaton A. The analysis of household surveys: a microeconomic approach to development policy. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 1997. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
21. Lavie P, Lavie L, Herer P. All-cause mortality in males with sleep apnoea syndrome: declining mortality rates with age. Eur Respir J. 2005; 25 :514–20. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
22. Ohayon MM. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002; 6 :97–111. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
23. Léger D, Guilleminault C, Dreyfus JP, Delahaye C, Paillard M. Prevalence of insomnia in a survey of 12,778 adults in France. J Sleep Res. 2000; 9 :35–42. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
24. Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Uhlenhuth EH. Insomnia and its treatment: prevalence and correlates. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985; 42 :225–32. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
25. Ohayon MM, Guilleminault C, Priest RG, Zulley J, Smirne S. Is sleep-disordered breathing an independent risk factor for hypertension in the general population (13,057 subjects)? J Psychosom Res. 2000; 48 :593–601. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
26. Noal RB, Menezes AM, Canani SF, Siqueira FV. Habitual snoring and obstructive sleep apnea in adults: population-based study in Southern Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2008; 42 :224–33. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
27. Kamil MA, Teng CL, Hassan SA. Snoring and breathing pauses during sleep in the Malaysian population. Respirology. 2007; 12 :375–80. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
28. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Diagnostic and coding manual. 2nd ed. Westchester, IL: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005. International Classification of Sleep Disorders. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
29. Janson C, Gislason T, De Backer W, et al. Prevalence of sleep disturbances among young adults in three European countries. Sleep. 1995; 18 :589–97. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
30. Miró E, Martinez MP. Affective and personality characteristics in function of nightmare prevalence, nightmare distress, and interference due to nightmares. Dreaming. 2005; 15 :89–105. [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
31. Schredl M, Reinhard I. Gender differences in dream recall: a meta-analysis. J Sleep Res. 2008; 17 :125–31. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
32. Hornyak M, Feige B, Riemann D, Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006; 10 :169–77. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
33. Ancoli-Israel S, Kripke DF, Klauber MR, Mason WJ, Fell R, Kaplan O. Periodic limb movements in sleep in community-dwelling elderly. Sleep. 1991; 14 :496–500. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
34. Allen RP, Walters AS, Montplaisir J, et al. Restless legs syndrome prevalence and impact: REST general population study. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165 :1286–92. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
35. Edinger JD, Hoelscher TJ, Webb MD, et al. Polysomnographic assessment of DIMS: empirical evaluation of its diagnostic value. Sleep. 1989; 12 :315–22. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
36. Krakow B, Melendrez D, Pederson B, et al. Complex insomnia: insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing in a consecutive series of crime victims with nightmares and PTSD. Biol Psychiatry. 2001; 49 :948–53. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
37. Guilleminault C, Palombini L, Poyares D, Chowdhuri S. Chronic insomnia, postmenopausal women, and sleep disordered breathing: part 1. Frequency of sleep-disordered breathing in a cohort. J Psychosom Res. 2002; 53 :611–15. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
38. Krakow B, Melendrez D, Ferreira E, et al. Prevalence of insomnia symptoms in patients with sleep disordered breathing. Chest. 2001; 120 :1923–9. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
39. Hornyak M, Feige B, Riemann D, Voderholzer U. Periodic leg movements in sleep and periodic limb movement disorder: prevalence, clinical significance and treatment. Sleep Med Rev. 2006; 10 :169–77. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]
40. Ohayon MM, Morselli PL, Guilleminault C. Prevalence of nightmares and their relationship to psychopathology and daytime functioning in insomnia subjects. Sleep. 1997; 20 :340–8. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ] [ Ref list ]

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1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
2 Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
1 Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
The aim of the current survey was to investigate the prevalence of sleep complaints in a randomized cluster sample of the Brazilian population.
A 3-stage cluster sampling technique was utilized to randomly selec
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