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Bol buying Heroin

These datasets underpin the analysis presented in the agency's work. Most data may be viewed interactively on screen and downloaded in Excel format. All countries. Topics A-Z. The content in this section is aimed at anyone involved in planning, implementing or making decisions about health and social responses. Best practice. We have developed a systemic approach that brings together the human networks, processes and scientific tools necessary for collecting, analysing and reporting on the many aspects of the European drugs phenomenon. Explore our wide range of publications, videos and infographics on the drugs problem and how Europe is responding to it. All publications. More events. More news. We are your source of drug-related expertise in Europe. We prepare and share independent, scientifically validated knowledge, alerts and recommendations. About the EUDA. Heroin is a crude preparation of diamorphine. It is a semisynthetic product obtained by acetylation of morphine, which occurs as a natural product in opium: the dried latex of certain poppy species e. Papaver somniferum L. Diamorphine is a narcotic analgesic used in the treatment of severe pain. Illicit heroin may be smoked or solubilised with a weak acid and injected. Whereas opium has been smoked since historical times, diamorphine was first synthesised in the late nineteenth century. Heroin is under international control. Diamorphine diacetylmorphine; CAS is produced by the acetylation of crude morphine. Although five pairs of enantiomers are theoretically possible in morphine, only one occurs naturally 5 R , 6 S , 9 R , 13 S , 14 R. South-west Asian heroin is a brown powder usually in the form of the free base , which is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. The less common south-east Asian heroin is usually a white powder in the form of the hydrate hydrochloride salt CAS , which is soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents. Diamorphine, like morphine and many other opioids , produces analgesia. Apart from analgesia, diamorphine produces drowsiness, euphoria and a sense of detachment. Negative effects include respiratory depression, nausea and vomiting, decreased motility in the gastrointestinal tract, suppression of the cough reflex and hypothermia. Tolerance and physical dependence occur on repeated use. Cessation of use in tolerant subjects leads to characteristic withdrawal symptoms. Diamorphine is 2—3 times more potent than morphine. The estimated minimum lethal dose is mg, but addicts may be able to tolerate ten times as much. It is difficult to detect in blood because of rapid hydrolysis to 6-monoacetylmorphine and slower conversion to morphine, the main active metabolite. The plasma half-life of diamorphine is about three minutes. Morphine is excreted in the urine largely as the glucuronide conjugate. Diamorphine is associated with far more accidental overdoses and fatal poisonings than any other scheduled substance. Much morbidity is caused by infectious agents transmitted by unhygienic injection. The latex from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum L. This material opium is dispersed in an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide slaked lime. The alkalinity is adjusted by adding ammonium chloride, causing morphine base to precipitate. The separated morphine is boiled with acetic anhydride. Sodium carbonate is added, causing the crude diamorphine base to separate. Depending on the region, this may be used directly, further purified or converted into the hydrochloride salt. Until the late s, nearly all heroin consumed in Europe came from south-east Asia, but now most originates from south-west Asia, an area centred on Afghanistan and Pakistan. Heroin is also produced in certain parts of South America, but that material is rarely seen in Europe. As with other naturally occurring drugs of misuse, total synthesis of the active principles is not currently an economic proposition. Those intending to inject this form of heroin must first solubilise it with, for example, citric acid or ascorbic acid. Heroin from south-east Asia is suitable for direct injection of a solution. A typical dose is mg at street level purity. Diamorphine is also included in a generic sense since the Protocol, which revised the Convention, extended control to esters and ethers of scheduled substances. Thus, diamorphine is the diacetyl ester of morphine Schedule 1. Diamorphine is a narcotic analgesic with limited use in the treatment of severe pain. Cooper, D. King, L. Moffat, A. Schiff, P. Homepage Quick links Quick links. GO Results hosted on duckduckgo. Main navigation Data Open related submenu Data. Latest data Prevalence of drug use Drug-induced deaths Infectious diseases Problem drug use Treatment demand Seizures of drugs Price, purity and potency. Drug use and prison Drug law offences Health and social responses Drug checking Hospital emergencies data Syringe residues data Wastewater analysis Data catalogue. Selected topics Alternatives to coercive sanctions Cannabis Cannabis policy Cocaine Darknet markets Drug checking Drug consumption facilities Drug markets Drug-related deaths Drug-related infectious diseases. Recently published Findings from a scoping literature…. Penalties at a glance. Frequently asked questions FAQ : drug…. FAQ: therapeutic use of psychedelic…. Viral hepatitis elimination barometer…. EU Drug Market: New psychoactive…. EU Drug Market: Drivers and facilitators. Statistical Bulletin home. Quick links Search news Subscribe newsletter for recent news Subscribe to news releases. Breadcrumb Home Publications Drug profiles Heroin drug profile. Heroin drug profile. Chemistry Molecular structure 1. Penalties for drug law offences in Europe at a glance. September June European Drug Report Trends and Developments. Statistical Bulletin home — latest data and statistics on the drug situation in Europe. May Heroin and other opioids — the current situation in Europe European Drug Report April March Data explorer. Acute drug-toxicity presentations to emergency services by year, hospital and reported drug Euro-DEN plus.

Heroin drug profile

Bol buying Heroin

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Bol buying Heroin