THREAT PROTECTION GUIDE

So today we are going to learn how to defend blackhat hackers or gray hat hacker!!

So main and important part of this tutorial is how to defend if someone hacks your data.

First of all cool down and don't panic !!

So Before defending let us learn what type of attacks actually done by hackers.

🍎Common types of cyber attacks🍎

Malware

Malware is a term used to describe malicious software, including spyware, ransomware, viruses, and worms. Malware breaches a network through a vulnerability, typically when a user clicks a dangerous link or email attachment that then installs risky software. Once inside the system, malware can do the following:

• Blocks access to key components of the network (ransomware)
• Installs malware or additional harmful software
• Covertly obtains information by transmitting data from the hard drive (spyware)
• Disrupts certain components and renders the system inoperable .

Phishing

Phishing is the practice of sending fraudulent communications that appear to come from a reputable source, usually through email. The goal is to steal sensitive data like credit card and login information or to install malware on the victim’s machine. Phishing is an increasingly common cyberthreat.

Man-in-the-middle attack

Man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks, also known as eavesdropping attacks, occur when attackers insert themselves into a two-party transaction. Once the attackers interrupt the traffic, they can filter and steal data.

Two common points of entry for MitM attacks:

1. On unsecure public Wi-Fi, attackers can insert themselves between a visitor’s device and the network. Without knowing, the visitor passes all information through the attacker.

2. Once malware has breached a device, an attacker can install software to process all of the victim’s information.

Denial-of-service attack

A denial-of-service attack floods systems, servers, or networks with traffic to exhaust resources and bandwidth. As a result, the system is unable to fulfill legitimate requests. Attackers can also use multiple compromised devices to launch this attack. This is known as a distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS) attack.

SQL injection

A Structured Query Language (SQL) injection occurs when an attacker inserts malicious code into a server that uses SQL and forces the server to reveal information it normally would not. An attacker could carry out a SQL injection simply by submitting malicious code into a vulnerable website search box.

Zero-day exploit

A zero-day exploit hits after a network vulnerability is announced but before a patch or solution is implemented. Attackers target the disclosed vulnerability during this window of time. Zero-day vulnerability threat detection requires constant awareness.

DNS Spoofing

With Domain Name System (DNS) spoofing, a hacker alters DNS records to send traffic to a fake or “spoofed” website. Once on the fraudulent site, the victim may enter sensitive information that can be used or sold by the hacker. The hacker may also construct a poor-quality site with derogatory or inflammatory content to make a competitor company look bad.

Ransomware

With ransomware, the victim’s system is held hostage until they agree to pay a ransom to the attacker. After the payment has been sent, the attacker then provides instructions regarding how the target can regain control of their computer. The name "ransomware” is appropriate because the malware demands a ransom from the victim.

Password Attack(Bruteforce)

Passwords are the access verification tool of choice for most people, so figuring out a target’s password is an attractive proposition for a hacker. This can be done using a few different methods. Often, people keep copies of their passwords on pieces of paper or sticky notes around or on their desks. An attacker can either find the password themselves or pay someone on the inside to get it for them. 

An attacker may also try to intercept network transmissions to grab passwords not encrypted by the network. They can also use social engineering, which convinces the target to input their password to solve a seemingly “important” problem. In other cases, the attacker can simply guess the user’s password, particularly if they use a default password or one that is easy to remember such as “1234567.”

Attackers also often use brute-force methods to guess passwords. A brute-force password hack uses basic information about the individual or their job title to try to guess their password. For example, their name, birthdate, anniversary, or other personal but easy-to-discover details can be used in different combinations to decipher their password. Information that users put on social media can also be leveraged in a brute-force password hack. What the individual does for fun, specific hobbies, names of pets, or names of children are sometimes used to form passwords, making them relatively easy to guess for brute-force attackers.

Session Hijacking

Session hijacking is one of multiple types of MITM attacks. The attacker takes over a session between a client and the server. The computer being used in the attack substitutes its Internet Protocol (IP) address for that of the client computer, and the server continues the session without suspecting it is communicating with the attacker instead of the client. This kind of attack is effective because the server uses the client's IP address to verify its identity. If the attacker's IP address is inserted partway through the session, the server may not suspect that anything is wrong because it is already engaged in a trusted connection.

Web Attacks

Web attacks refer to threats that target vulnerabilities in web-based applications. Every time you enter information into a web application, you are initiating a command that generates a response. For example, if you are sending money to someone using an online banking application, the data you enter instructs the application to go into your account, take money out, and send it to someone else’s account. Attackers work within the frameworks of these kinds of requests and use them to their advantage.

DOXXING

Doxxing is the act of publicly revealing previously private personal information about an individual or organization, usually through the Internet. Methods employed to acquire such information include searching publicly available databases and social media websites, hacking, and social engineering. 

So let us understand how to defend these attacks ::

🍊Defending Malware🍊

How to prevent malware

1. Keep your computer and software updated
2. Use a non-administrator account whenever possible
3. Think twice before clicking links or downloading anything
4. Be careful about opening email attachments or images
5. Don't trust pop-up windows that ask you to download software
6. Limit your file-sharing
7. Use antivirus software

🍊Defending Phishing🍊

1. Know what a phishing scam looks like

2. Don’t click on Unknown links

3. Use free anti-phishing add-ons

4. Don’t give your information to an unsecured site

5. Change passwords weekly 

6. Install firewalls

7. Don’t be tempted by unknown pop-ups

8. Have a Data Security Platform to spot signs of an attack

9.)Always check unknown urls on virustotal.com before visiting .

🍊DEFENDING MITM ATTACKS🍊

1.)Use Strong WEP/WAP Encryption on Access Points.

2.)Use vpn while using public Networks.

3.)Strong Router Login Credentials 

4.)Use Force HTTPS addons

5.)Use Public Key Pair Based Authentication

🍊DEFENDING DOS AND DDOS ATTACKS🍊

1. Document your DDoS resiliency plan.
2. Recognize DDoS attack activity.
3. Don't assume that only large-scale, volumetric attacks are the problem.
4. Don't rely on traffic monitoring or thresholds.
5. Don't rely on an IPS or firewall.
6. Engage with a mitigation provider.
7. Pair time-to-mitigation with successful attack protection.

8. Must use firewalls .

🍊DEFENDING SQL injection🍊

1. Validate User Inputs

2. Sanitize Data By Limiting Special Characters

3. Enforce Prepared Statements And Parameterization

4. Use Stored Procedures In The Database

5. Raise Virtual Or Physical Firewalls

6. Harden Your OS And Applications

7. Establish Appropriate Privileges And Strict Access 

8. Encryption: Keep Your Secrets Secret

9. Continuous Monitoring Of SQL Statements

10. Perform Regular Auditing And Penetration Testing

🍊Defending Zero-day exploit🍊

Zero-day exploits are some of the most difficult digital attacks to prevent; however, implementing these tips and best practices will decrease the chances of your company falling victim to a zero-day attack:

• Use an advanced, proactive email security solution: Traditional antivirus software is typically only effective in defending against known threats and, as a result, is often ineffective in protecting against zero-day exploits. When it comes to zero-day attack detection and prevention, every second matters! Only the most proactive, intuitive security solutions can prevent zero-day attacks using advanced AI and heuristics techniques to search for anomalous patterns not typically seen from a user or application. These advanced solutions are then able to develop fixes using AI (along with human intervention) and distribute them quickly and efficiently. Invest in a high-quality, comprehensive cloud email security security solution that is capable of protecting against zero-day attacks and has the capacity to rapidly distribute and implement fixes for zero-day vulnerabilities -- it will pay off!
• Educate users: Many zero-day attacks capitalize on human error. Thus, user education is imperative in preventing these exploits. Teach employees and users good security habits, tips and best practices that will help keep them safe online and protect your organization from zero-day exploits and other digital threats.
• Deploy a web application firewall: Deploying a web application firewall will help your company react to threats in real-time. A web application firewall continually scans incoming data for threats, providing organizations with the information necessary to suppress suspicious activity and stop an impending attack from occurring.
• Implement network access control: Network access control is a tool that prevents unauthorized machines from accessing an organization’s network, decreasing the risk of hacks, exploits and breaches. It can also help to contain any damage to a particular network.
• Use IPsec: IPsec encrypts and authenticates all network traffic, allowing a system to rapidly identify and isolate non-network traffic and suspicious activity. With this information, organizations stand a better chance of being able to recognize and stop attacks before damage is done.

🍊DEFENDING DNS SPOOFING🍊

1. Keep your resolver private and protected.

2. Configure it to be as secure as possible against cache poisoning.

3. Manage your DNS servers securely.

4. Mitigate the risk of a DDoS attack

5. Use a hidden primary master name server

6. Restrict zone transfers. 

7. Monitor your name servers. 

8. IP-dependent log in or DNSsec.

9. Use Two-factor authentication.

🍊DEFENDING Ransomware🍊

• Never click on unsafe links: Avoid clicking on links in spam messages or on unknown websites. If you click on malicious links, an automatic download could be started, which could lead to your computer being infected.
• Avoid disclosing personal information: If you receive a call, text message, or email from an untrusted source requesting personal information, do not reply. Cybercriminals who are planning a ransomware attack might try to collect personal information in advance, which is then used to tailor phishing messages specifically to you. If in any doubt as to whether the message is legitimate, contact the sender directly.
• Do not open suspicious email attachments: Ransomware can also find its way to your device through email attachments. Avoid opening any dubious-looking attachments. To make sure the email is trustworthy, pay close attention to the sender and check that the address is correct. Never open attachments that prompt you to run macros to view them. If the attachment is infected, opening it will run a malicious macro that gives malware control of your computer.
• Never use unknown USB sticks: Never connect USB sticks or other storage media to your computer if you do not know where they came from. Cybercriminals may have infected the storage medium and placed it in a public place to entice somebody into using it.
• Keep your programs and operating system up to date: Regularly updating programs and operating systems helps to protect you from malware. When performing updates, make sure you benefit from the latest security patches. This makes it harder for cybercriminals to exploit vulnerabilities in your programs.
• Use only known download sources: To minimize the risk of downloading ransomware, never download software or media files from unknown sites. Rely on verified and trustworthy sites for downloads. Websites of this kind can be recognized by the trust seals. Make sure that the browser address bar of the page you are visiting uses "https" instead of "http". A shield or lock symbol in the address bar can also indicate that the page is secure. Also exercise caution when downloading anything to your mobile device. You can trust the Google Play Store or the Apple App Store, depending on your device.
• Use VPN services on public Wi-Fi networks: Conscientious use of public Wi-Fi networks is a sensible protective measure against ransomware. When using a public Wi-Fi network, your computer is more vulnerable to attacks. To stay protected, avoid using public Wi-Fi for sensitive transactions or use a secure VPN service

🍊DEFENDING BRUTEFORCE ATTACKS🍊

• Use an advanced username and password. Protect yourself with credentials that are stronger than admin and password1234 to keep out these attackers. The stronger this combination is, the harder it will be for anyone to penetrate it.
• Remove any unused accounts with high-level permissions. These are the cyber equivalent of doors with weak locks that make breaking in easy. Unmaintained accounts are a vulnerability you can’t risk. Throw them away as soon as possible.

High encryption rates: to make it harder for brute force attacks to succeed, system administrators should ensure that passwords for their systems are encrypted with the highest encryption rates possible, such as 256-bit encryption. The more bits in the encryption scheme, the harder the password is to crack.

Salt the hash: administrators should also randomize password hashes by adding a random string of letters and numbers (called salt) to the password itself. This string should be stored in a separate database and retrieved and added to the password before it's hashed. By salting the hash, users with the same password have different hashes.

Two-factor authentication (2FA): additionally, administrators can require two-step authentication and install an intrusion detection system that detects brute force attacks. This requires users to follow-up a login attempt with a second factor, like a physical USB key or fingerprint biometrics scan.

Limit number of login re-tries: limiting the number of attempts also reduces susceptibility to brute-force attacks. For example, allowing three attempts to enter the correct password before locking out the user for several minutes can cause significant delays and cause hackers to move on to easier targets.

Account lockdown after excessive login attempts: if a hacker can endlessly keep retrying passwords even after a temporary lockout, they can return to try again. Locking the account and requiring the user to contact IT for an unlock will deter this activity. Short lockout timers are more convenient for users, but convenience can be a vulnerability. To balance this, you might consider using the long-term lockdown if there are excessive failed logins after the short one.

Throttle rate of repeated logins: you can further slow an attacker’s efforts by creating space between each single login attempt. Once a login fails, a timer can deny login until a short amount of time has passed. This will leave lag-time for your real-time monitoring team to spot and work on stopping this threat. Some hackers might stop trying if the wait is not worth it.

Required Captcha after repeated login attempts: manual verification does stop robots from brute-forcing their way into your data. Captcha comes in many types, including retyping the text in an image, checking a checkbox, or identifying objects in pictures. Regardless of what you use, you can use this before the first login and after each failed attempt to protect further.

Use an IP denylist to block known attackers. Be sure that this list is constantly updated by those who manage it.

🍊DEFENDING SESSION HIJACKING🍊

• Encrypting all data transmitted on a web page.
• Using HTTPS certification on websites.
• Properly logging out of sessions when they are finished and closing websites open if not actively used.
• Using cyber security tools to protect websites from potential threats.
• Keeping your browsers updated and patched

🍊DEFENDING WEBATTACKS🍊

Limit what types of attachments are allowed to pass through your firewall. Have antivirus software both on the desktops and the e-mail server, and ensure that they are updated regularly. Monitor the Web sites of all your software vendors and ensure that your patches are kept up to date.

Cover all the operational security patches of your web application .

🍊DEFENDING DOXXING🍊

1. Make all social media handles/usernames private

2. Use unique usernames for each platform

3. Be wary of online quizzes and app permissions

4. Use VPNs

5. Hide domain registration information from WHOIS

6. Don't panic first of all ,the info that the hacker collected about you ,all are active data that is already available on web . Just report them on below cybersecurity helpline numbers and forget it ....

👨‍💻Cyber Fraud Awareness 👨‍💻

Some of my friends suffering from cyber frauds and scamming so providing you these websites where you can file complaints for cyber frauds !! If you're not getting help , complaint in near police station if they are not helping you then msg your brother with proof !! 

🍎https://www.cybercrime.gov.in/

🍎www.consumercomplaintindia.com/cyber-cell

Call 084482 20668

Consumer Complaint India · File Complaint Now

🍎https://grahakshikayatmanch.com/

🍎https://www.consumercomplaints.info/

🍎https://consumerchanakya.com

Call Now 8588850696

🍎https://staysafeonline.org/stay-safe-online/identity-theft-fraud-cybercrime/reporting-cybercrime/

🍎https://cytrain.ncrb.gov.in/

👨‍💻Regards=@KALINGRAAJ

   🇮🇳 Copy with credit 🇮🇳

🦁REGARDS=@ITS_ME_KALI