Black Birth Sex

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Black Birth Sex
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Medically Reviewed by Traci C. Johnson, MD on June 03, 2022
Anyone can have an unplanned pregnancy. In fact, it happens to about 1 in every 2 women who get pregnant. But those rates are higher for Black women, and they’re less likely to use regular birth control than women in some other racial groups.
There isn’t a clear driving force behind racial differences in pregnancy rates. But experts think contraception plays a role. Black women ages 15 to 49 are less likely than other racial groups to use birth control regularly. And those between 18 to 24 tend to prefer condoms, a less effective way to prevent pregnancy, when they use contraception.
Black women are less likely to use prescription contraception. That includes birth control pills and long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). Besides not having sex (abstinence) and permanent sterilization (getting your tubes tied), LARCs are the most effective form of birth control.
Women of color face social and structural hurdles to health and reproductive care. This happens for several reasons. But experts largely blame centuries of inequality and racial discrimination.
Racial disparities can affect birth control access and use in the following ways:
High costs. Due to structural racism, people of color are less likely to have access to quality medical care and health insurance that they can afford. People without coverage are less likely to use -- or be able to pay for -- highly effective forms of birth control.
Medical mistrust. Some people in the Black community are less trusting of health professionals. There are well-documented reasons for this. Studies have found some doctors may urge Black (and Latina) women to have fewer kids or to start birth control early. Some urge sterilization.
This kind of pregnancy prevention pressure can backfire and result in less use of reliable contraception.
Desire to avoid hormones. Some contraceptives put chemicals in your bloodstream. And some Black women may not feel comfortable using these hormonal forms of birth control.
Pharmacy access. Studies have found Black women are less likely than white women to live near a pharmacy where it’s easy to buy or learn about birth control. Researchers call this a “contraception desert.” It refers to a setting where Black women have less access to:
Fear about delaying motherhood. Black women are three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related reasons than white women. Those odds go up with age. Researchers think some Black women may want to have children at a younger age to boost their chances of a healthy pregnancy.
Women of all races and ethnicities support equal access to birth control. But the United States has a long history of forcing or pressuring Black women to limit their fertility. This may play a part in why some Black women avoid prescription birth control, such as LARCs.
Some racial and reproductive wrongs include:
Eugenics. From the early 1900s to 1970s, many states supported the false idea that Black people are biologically less intelligent than white people. You may hear this called “scientific racism.”
There’s no evidence to support genetic differences based on race. Still, many Black women were sterilized without their permission.
Birth control and benefits. Throughout history, low-income Black women have been urged to use permanent birth control (sterilization) or have fewer children in order to get medical care or cash assistance from the government.
There isn’t one kind of contraception that works for everyone. The “best” choice is the most effective birth control method that you feel comfortable with. It also needs to be something you’ll use every time you have sex.
Here are some things to consider when choosing your birth control:
Here’s a breakdown of how well common methods of birth control can prevent pregnancy. These numbers refer to “typical” use. That leaves a little room for human error. Keep in mind some types of birth control are easier to use than others.
Hormonal contraceptives -- birth control pills, the vaginal ring, and the patch -- can be up to 99% effective. But you’d have to use them exactly as prescribed. And it’s easy to forget to take them at the same time each day, week, or month.
Emergency contraception, or the morning after pill, isn’t a regular form of birth control. But it can prevent pregnancy when another kind of birth control fails, like if a condom breaks during sex. You can take it up to 5 days after you have unprotected sex. But it’s best to take it sooner than that.
Studies show people tend to choose more effective forms of birth control when given info on how well they work. To find out more, ask your doctor. They’ll help you decide what method fits best with your lifestyle.
If you’re under 18, it’s OK to talk to your doctor or nurse about birth control without your parents around. Everything about your visit is private. If you end up getting birth control, they can’t tell your parents about it. That’s due to something called doctor-patient confidentiality.
Most health insurance plans have to cover the full cost of prescription birth control. They also have to pay for any birth control counseling. Call your insurance provider to find out more.
If you don’t have health insurance, you may be able to get low-cost or free birth control from a family planning or reproductive health center in your area. You can also find services through Planned Parenthood locations.
Contraception and Reproductive Medicine : “Are higher unintended pregnancy rates among minorities a result of disparate access to contraception?”
Contraception : “Racial and Ethnic Differences in Contraceptive Use Among Women Who Desire No Future Children, 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth.”
American Journal of Ethics : “Seeking Causes for Race-Related Disparities in Contraceptive Use.”
Obstetrics & Gynecology : “Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Reproductive Health Services and Outcomes, 2020.”
American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology : “Racial/ethnic disparities in contraceptive use: Variation by age and women’s reproductive experiences.”
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: “Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC): Intrauterine Device and Implant.”
Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities : “Contraceptive Desert? Black-white differences in characteristics of nearby pharmacies.”
Health Equity : Racism, African American Women, and Their Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Review of Historical and Contemporary Evidence and Implications for Health Equity.”
American Heart Association: “Why are Black women at such high risk of dying from pregnancy complications.”
Harvard Public Health: “America is Failing Its Black Mothers.”
Demography : “Black-White Differences in Pregnancy Desire During the Transition to Adulthood.”
National Human Genome Research Institute: “Eugenics and Scientific Racism.”
Evaluation Program Planning : “Message and price components of Family Caps: experimental evidence from New Jersey.”
Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (MyHealthFinder): “Choose the Right Birth Control.”
Yale Medicine: “What Birth Control Is Best for Me?”
CDC: “Reproductive Health: Contraception.”
KidsHealth.org: “How Can I Get on the Pill Without Telling My Parents?”
Office on Women’s Health: “Birth control methods.”
What you should know to prevent pregnancy.
© 2005 - 2022 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.
WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

You’re Black and Pregnant. What Should Your Birth Plan Actually Look Like?
Systemic change is most needed, but this is what black women can control.
Learn about what is and isn’t normal during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum.
Interview potential providers if you can.
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Find a care team that is culturally competent and understands your unique needs and concerns as a black pregnant person.
Visit a few different practices to find the best fit.
Ask who will actually be delivering your baby on the day of.
Create a birth plan that includes your main preferences and goals.
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Understand that you might not get everything on your birth plan.
Consider turning your birth plan into a letter to your doctor.
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Discuss your birth plan with your support people.
Discuss it with your providers too.
Prepare for possible pushback from providers, then seek care elsewhere if you can.
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‘Skin Cycling’ Is the Buzzy TikTok Trend That Dermatologists Actually Like
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Know that you can and should speak up if something seems wrong.
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Find local groups of other black parents who can understand the hard stuff.
Prioritize your postpartum checkups.
I Thought Pneumonia Was Causing My Strange Symptoms. Turns Out I Had Heart Failure.
‘Skin Cycling’ Is the Buzzy TikTok Trend That Dermatologists Actually Like
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Dani McClain is author of We Live for the We: The Political Power of Black Motherhood . She is a contributing writer for The Nation and a fellow with Type Media Center. Follow her on Twitter at @drmcclain .
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This story is part of SELF 's ongoing series exploring black maternal mortality. You can find the rest of the series here .
I first heard of a birth plan in the summer of 2016 at a hypnobirthing class I took while I was pregnant . My daughter’s father and I dutifully attended the eight-week birth education course at a local hospital. There, we were part of a circle of first-time parents who, like us, had questions about everything from the best positions for labor to what an epidural does . When it came time to talk about birth plans, we were given templates and told that this was our chance to tell our obstetricians and other hospital staff what we did or didn’t want. Don’t want an episiotomy (the less and less common surgical cut to the perineum that’s sometimes used to help get the baby out)? Write it in your birth plan. Hoping to have your mom in the room with you? Write it in your birth plan. You can see where I’m going with this.
I welcomed the opportunity to plan for my ideal birth, but I knew early on that I’d have only so much say in the process. At 10 weeks, my obstetrician had detected large fibroids blocking my birth canal, so I knew I was going to need a C-section. Still, I had requests. I wrote down that I wanted to be conscious during the surgery, and, assuming we were both healthy enough to cuddle, I wanted immediate skin-to-skin contact with the baby.
My delivery and postpartum period went pretty much as planned, which isn’t the case for so many other black pregnant and birthing people. Far too many of us face complications that can cost us our lives, resulting in a maternal mortality rate that is three to four times higher in black women than it is in white women. The majority of these deaths—60 percent, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention —are preventable.
SELF’s series on black maternal mortality has explored what large-scale health care and policy strategies various experts believe are necessary to address this problem. But what, if anything, can we do to improve our chances of surviving and thriving during pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period? Are there things we can learn about the health care system and our rights within it so that we’re better prepared for interactions with institutions and clinicians? Is there any way the birth plan, a tool first documented in 1980 to help people have more informed and fulfilling childbirth experiences, can help address our black maternal health crisis?
Asking if we can plan our way toward health and safety doesn’t excuse health care institutions and providers from listening to black families and acknowledging the ways their own beliefs and behaviors contribute to black women’s deaths during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. But while the systems we birth in figure out how to keep us alive and well, experts in maternal health say we can try to take matters into our own hands as much as possible.
Before we dive in, two notes. First, a lot of these recommendations are predicated on various medical realities of being black and pregnant or postpartum in the United States of America, which you can read more about in the rest of our black maternal mortality series . Second, we’d be remiss not to mention that the ability to follow many of these recommendations depends in large part on having different types of privilege, like access to money, transportation, and health insurance. The suggestions below won’t be an option for many black pregnant and postpartum people in our country, which is a shameful reality that needs to change.
With all of that in mind, here are the tips experts suggest for black pregnant people worried about surviving pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
“People don’t generally learn about their health in school or anywhere else. Trying to go from zero health literacy to everything you need to know about pregnancy is a big lift. Part of the point of a prenatal visit is for us to talk with you about what you should be expecting, from, ‘You might see some spotting—here’s how much is normal and what to do,’ all the way to, ‘These are the signs of labor.’ But I actually suggest seeking out group prenatal care if possible. When you’re just with me, I’m only talking to you for 15 or 20 minutes. In a group, you have a cohort of people who are doing the same thing, so you can have a more robust conversation. Instead of me giving you some directives and maybe a sheet of paper with some signs and symptoms, it becomes a bigger conversation, which I think is better for absorbing the information.” —Joia Crear-Perry, M.D., fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, founder and president of the National Birth Equity Collaborative
“Don’t expect that the gynecologist you’ve been seeing for annual care is automatically going to be who you want there when you give birth. In our practice, people will come for consultations with the midwives and ask us questions about our practice to see if it’s a good fit. I very rarely have anyone who’s not a well-to-do white woman do a visit like that. They know that they have options and are going to use their power to explore those options. Black families should be interviewing people too. Say, ‘I’d like to come in for a pregnancy consultation.’” —Anayah Sangodele-Ayoka, certified nurse-midwife, M.S.N., MS.Ed., clinical faculty at the George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates and cofounder of Black Breastfeeding Week
“Have specific questions to ask the provider, like, ‘Do you know what preeclampsia is? What’s too much bleeding, in your opinion? How would you handle it? Are you comfortable working with black people? Are you culturally competent? What does that mean to you? What’s the policy around cultural competency here?’” —direct-entry midwife, certified doula trainer, and doula educator Shafia M. Monroe , M.P.H.
“One of the things I’m hearing more from my circle of black female friends who are pregnant or recently have given birth is that they’re having these conversations with their providers. They say, ‘What do you know about the black maternal mortality rate? What are you going to do to make sure that I don’t die during childbirth?’” —Rachel Hardeman, Ph.D., professor at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health
“I’ve always been a big advocate of doulas. The best doulas are the ones who are good judges and who will also stay in communication with the physician when needed. The communication is the big piece.” —Yolanda Lawson, M.D., fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, board-certified ob-gyn at MadeWell OB/GYN in Dallas and associate attending at Baylor University Medical Center
“Doulas are an incredibly important part of the care team. We know that doulas have the potential to improve outcomes , particularly for birthing people who are low-income or from communities of color. Having the doula in on the development of a birth plan and knowing it backward and forward is critical to its success. In the thick of it, it’s the doula who’s going to be able to refer back to that birth plan and say, ‘Here’s our shared goal. How does what you’re recommending fit into that? And if it doesn’t, why?’” —Hardeman
“You want someone who has an understanding of what it means to be black and to be a woman or a pregnant person in America, intergenerational trauma, the history and the context of people of color in the medical system, sexual trauma and PTSD, and all of the other things that black women, women of color, and pregnant people are often thinking about. They should also be very transparent about the things that they don’t know. Regardless of your socioeconomic bracket, you bring your lived experiences of being black into birthing. You want someone who has a full and complete understanding of what that means.” —Chanel L. Porchia-Albert, certified doula, certified postpartum doula, certified lactation consultant, and founder and CEO of Ancient Song Doula Services in Brooklyn, NY
“There is publicly available hospital data around the rate of ce
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