Bios Spread Spectrum
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Bios Spread Spectrum
What is clock spread spectrum in the BIOS settings?
Original Author of Phoenix BIOSes & PC motherboard designer · Author has 2.7K answers and 4.3M answer views · Updated 1 y ·
CTO at Serissa Research ( 2001 – present ) · Author has 8.2K answers and 9.9M answer views · 2 y ·
Senior Software Engineer ( 2013 – present ) · Author has 26.5K answers and 154.1M answer views · 4 y ·
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What is clock spread spectrum in the BIOS settings?
A computer’s clock is an electronic signal that goes up and then goes down at a particular rate (frequency) and controls and synchronizes the operation of the CPU and motherboard. It is essentially the “heartbeat” of the computer. It is measured in Hertz (Hz - changes per second) and typically, computers operate at Gigahertz clock speeds today (GHz), which is a billion Hz.
The clock is generally the fastest signal in a computer. Because of it’s speed, it generates a lot of Electo-Magnetic Interference (EMI) , which is also called Radio - Frequency Interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, collectively we’ll call electronic noise. This can cause other devices (e.g. AM radios, speakers, TV’s, amplifiers etc) to pick up this noise as static noise or video glitches. The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) regulates this noise, and limits the maximum allowed.
The BIOS (CMOS) Setting for clock spread spectrum affects the system’s clock. While the speed stays the same, it adjusts the exact points that the clock signal goes up and goes down, somewhat randomizing these points. This tends to spread the noise over time and frequencies, and thus reduce the overall maximum noise. So normally you want to enable this, as there is no speed penalty, and you reduce electronic noise.
The above picture (energy at frequencies around a reference base frequency), from this page, EMI Reduktion Spread Spectrum Clock Oscillator , shows the electronic noise is reduced (in red), and spread across multiple frequencies, rather than all at one frequency (blue).
Maybe spread spectrum clocking gives up a little bit of performance, but it doesn’t change the temperature versus running at the average clock frequency.
CPUs have a maximum clock frequency that will work at all, too fast and some circuit somewhere won’t have time to compute whatever it is doing. You can run slower, but not faster than the max.
Therefore, to have a variable clock such as spread spectrum necessarily requires that the average clock speed be less than the maximum, so you have to give up a little bit of performance.
Regarding temperature, the power dissipated by a CPU is some “leakag
Maybe spread spectrum clocking gives up a little bit of performance, but it doesn’t change the temperature versus running at the average clock frequency.
CPUs have a maximum clock frequency that will work at all, too fast and some circuit somewhere won’t have time to compute whatever it is doing. You can run slower, but not faster than the max.
Therefore, to have a variable clock such as spread spectrum necessarily requires that the average clock speed be less than the maximum, so you have to give up a little bit of performance.
Regarding temperature, the power dissipated by a CPU is some “leakage” power associated with the operating voltage, plus much higher “dynamic” power associated with each clock cycle. The dynamic power goes as V^2 F for voltage V and clock frequency F. This power is actually a consequence of a certain energy per cycle, times a number of cycles per second, rather than something frequency based. For a system with a variable clock, you just count the total number of clock cycles and multiply by the dynamic energy per clock cycle. That is a lengthly way of saying that the power goes as the average operating frequency and it doesn’t matter if the frequency is fixed or spread spectrum.
The spread spectrum chip will run at a lower power level than one running at Max F simply because the spread spectrum average frequency must be lower than the maximum (see above).
Every town and village had it’s own “time-zone” - people worked by the rising and setting of the sun.
They already had water clocks and sundials of course.
The earliest clocks were most often huge ungainly things that were too expensive for a single individual to own. They’d be placed into church towers and other prominent locations and set to the local “time zone” for that place.
It was not until the invention of rail travel - when it became necessary to synchronize time between towns so that train time tables could be built that the issue of standardizing time came about.
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Performance boost: The "Spread Spectrum Control" function slows the system. It should always be disabled.
This feature helps boost performance slightly.
Spread Spectrum Control: This function is used for meeting the specifications when complying with the CE acceptance test. Enabling it leads to a noticeable deterioration in performance. That's why it should always be disabled!
More speed: RDRAM is automatically operated faster by setting this switch to "Turbo".
A thing or two worth knowing about the AGP: The "32 MB" setting is more than adequate, since virtually all programs manage the AGP size themselves. Under Windows 98 SE and Windows 2000, the graphics card driver regulates the AGP size anyway in conjunction with the operating system. Basically speaking, no performance enhancement is noticeable.
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Performance boost: The "Spread Spectrum Control" function slows the system. It should always be disabled.
This feature helps boost performance slightly.
Spread Spectrum Control: This function is used for meeting the specifications when complying with the CE acceptance test. Enabling it leads to a noticeable deterioration in performance. That's why it should always be disabled!
More speed: RDRAM is automatically operated faster by setting this switch to "Turbo".
A thing or two worth knowing about the AGP: The "32 MB" setting is more than adequate, since virtually all programs manage the AGP size themselves. Under Windows 98 SE and Windows 2000, the graphics card driver regulates the AGP size anyway in conjunction with the operating system. Basically speaking, no performance enhancement is noticeable.
Current page:
Performance Boost: Spread Spectrum Control
Get instant access to breaking news, in-depth reviews and helpful tips.
Thank you for signing up to Tom's Hardware. You will receive a verification email shortly.
There was a problem. Please refresh the page and try again.
Tom's Hardware is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Visit our corporate site (opens in new tab) .
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Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street,
New York,
NY 10036.
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