Betting Terms Spread
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Betting Terms Spread
Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 75% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading spread bets and CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how spread bets and CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. High volatility increases the risk of sudden, large or rapid losses.
To prioritise the service we give our existing clients, IG is not currently allowing any new positions on GameStop and AMC Entertainment.
Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. High volatility increases the risk of sudden, large or rapid losses.
To prioritise the service we give our existing clients, IG is not currently allowing any new positions on GameStop and AMC Entertainment.
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Speculate on whether an asset’s price will rise or fall with spread bets. Discover everything you need to know about what spread betting is and how it works.
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Spread betting is a popular derivative product you can use to speculate on financial markets – such as forex, indices, commodities or shares – without taking ownership of the underlying asset. Instead, you’d be placing a bet on whether you think the price will rise or fall.
We invented financial spread betting in 1974, and today we enable you to take advantage of over 17,000+ markets, whether they are rising or falling in price. This gives you a much wider range of opportunities than traditional buy-and-hold investing . Plus, as you won’t be taking ownership of the asset, spread betting is tax-free.*
Ready to start spread betting? Open an account
Spread betting works by tracking the value of an asset, so that you can take a position on the underlying market price – without taking ownership of the asset. There are a few key concepts about spread betting you need to know, including:
Going long is the term used to describe placing a bet that the market price will increase over a certain timeframe. Going short or ‘shorting’ a market is the reverse – placing a bet that the market will decline.
So spread betting enables you to speculate on both rising and falling markets. You would buy the market to go long, or sell the market to go short.
Let’s say you thought the price of gold was going to decline. You could open a spread bet to ‘sell’ the underlying market. The loss or gain to your position would depend on the extent to which your prediction was correct. If the market did decline, your spread bet would profit. But if the price of gold increased instead, your position would make a loss.
Leverage enables you to gain full market exposure for a fraction of the underlying market cost.
Say you wanted to open a position on Facebook shares. As an investor that would mean paying the full cost of the shares upfront. But by spread betting on Facebook shares instead, you might only have to put down a deposit worth 20% of the cost.
It’s important to note that leverage magnifies both profits and losses as these are calculated based on the full value of the position, not just the initial deposit. To manage your exposure, you should create a suitable risk management strategy and to consider how much capital you can afford to put at risk.
When you spread bet, you put down a small initial deposit – known as the margin – to open a position. This is why leveraged trading is sometimes referred to as ‘trading on margin’.
There are two types of margin to consider when spread betting:
Spread betting has three main features: the spread, bet size and bet duration. The spread is the charge you’ll pay for a position, the bet size is the amount of money you want to put up per point of market movement, and the bet duration is how long your position will remain open before it expires.
The spread is the difference between the buy and sell prices, which are wrapped around the underlying market price. They’re also known as the offer and bid. The costs of any given trade are factored into these two prices, so you’ll always buy slightly higher than the market price and sell slightly below it.
For example, if the FTSE 100 is trading at 5885.5 and has a one-point spread, it would have an offer price of 5886 and a bid price of 5885.
The bet size is the amount you want to bet per unit of movement of the underlying market. You can choose your bet size, as long as it meets the minimum we accept for that market. Your profit or loss is calculated as the difference between the opening price and the closing price of the market, multiplied by the value of your bet.
We measure the price movements of the underlying market in points. Depending on the liquidity and volatility of your chosen market, a point of movement can represent a pound, a penny, or even a one hundredth of a penny. You can find out what a point means for your chosen market on the deal ticket.
If you open a £2 per point bet on the FTSE 100 and it moves 60 points in your favour, your profit would be £120 (£2 x 60). If it moved 60 points against you, your loss would be £120.
The bet duration is the length of time before your position expires. All spread bets have a fixed timescale that can range from a day to several months away. You’re free to close them at any point before the designated expiry time, assuming the spread bet is open for trading.
Ready to start spread betting? Open an account
Say Apple is trading with a sell price of 11550 ($115.50) and a buy price of 11560 ($115.60). You anticipate that Apple shares are going to rise in the next few days, so decide to go long on (buy) Apple shares for £10 per point of movement at 11560.
If Apple shares did rise in price, you might decide to close your trade when the sell price hits 11590. As the market has increased by 30 points (11590 – 11560), you’d be coming out with a profit of £300 (30 x £10), excluding any additional costs.
If the market had fallen in value instead – down to a sell price of 11,510 – you would have ended up with a loss. As the market had moved by 50 points (11,560 – 11,510), you would have made a loss of £500 (50 x £10). Again, not including any additional charges.
Yes, if your prediction of whether the market will rise or fall is correct, you’ll profit and if it’s incorrect, you’ll lose.
It is important to remember that all forms of trading carry risk. So, although spread betting provides opportunities for profit, you should never risk more than you can afford to lose.
When you hedge using a spread bet, you open a position that will offset negative price movement in an existing position. This could be trading the same asset in the opposite direction, or on an asset that moves in a different direction to your existing trade.
For example, if you were worried that inflation might impact the value of your share portfolio, you might decide to take a long position on gold – an asset that typically has an inverse correlation with the dollar and can protect portfolios from inflation. If your shareholdings did decline, the profits from your spread bet on gold could offset any losses. But if your shareholdings rose in value instead, this profit could offset any potential loss to your gold spread bet.
Spread bets are not taxed.* Traditionally, when you buy and sell shares you have to pay stamp duty and capital gains tax on any profits that you make, but spread bets are tax-free. And because you don’t take ownership of the underlying asset, you won’t have to pay stamp duty either.
Spread betting is a bet on the future direction of a market, while a CFD is an agreement to exchange the difference in the price of an asset from when the contract is opened to when it is closed. There are a range of similarities and differences between these two derivative products.
Leverage is an inherent part of spread betting, so you can’t open a position without it. Before you start trading on leverage, it’s a good idea to build up your knowledge on the subject and create a risk management strategy.
Dividend payments have no impact on your spread betting position. If you hold a spread bet open on an equity or index when a dividend payment takes place, we’ll make an adjustment to your position. This means that capital will either be credited or debited to your account if a dividend is paid, depending on whether you have incurred additional running loss/profit.
Find out more about spread betting and test yourself with IG Academy’s range of online courses.
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* Tax laws are subject to change and depend on individual circumstances. Tax law may differ in a jurisdiction other than the UK.
Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 75% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading spread bets and CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how spread bets and CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. Professional clients can lose more than they deposit. All trading involves risk.
The value of shares, ETFs and ETCs bought through a share dealing account, a stocks and shares ISA or a SIPP can fall as well as rise, which could mean getting back less than you originally put in. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.
CFD, share dealing and stocks and shares ISA accounts provided by IG Markets Ltd, spread betting provided by IG Index Ltd. IG is a trading name of IG Markets Ltd (a company registered in England and Wales under number 04008957) and IG Index Ltd (a company registered in England and Wales under number 01190902). Registered address at Cannon Bridge House, 25 Dowgate Hill, London EC4R 2YA. Both IG Markets Ltd (Register number 195355) and IG Index Ltd (Register number 114059) are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.
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Spread Betting is a form of betting that involves accurately predicting the outcome of an event. It’s a popular way of making what may be considered a one-sided affair a competitive match. It can be used in horse racing, football and many other sports. The idea is to handicap the stronger team and give the weaker team a chance (from a betting perspective).
From a bookmaker’s point of view, it gives them the opportunity to take an equal number of bets from either side while creating a small over-round (profit). From a punter’s point of view, it gives them the ability to enjoy a competitive affair in what may actually be a completely one-sided match-up.
Using a football match as an example, if Barcelona were to play Everton at the Nou Camp, Barcelona would be long odds-on (somewhere in the region of a 1-8 shot). However, when a spread is implemented, let’s suggest a -2.5 goal handicap on Barcelona, they would then become somewhere around a 5-6 shot. Barcelona would then need to win the match by three clear goals for the spread backers of Barcelona to win. The theory behind the idea is to get both teams on a level playing field.
In most sports, the spread usually ends in a ½ or a (.5) This is so the match-up isn’t tied. Depending on the rules of the spread, a tied spread will result in both parties receiving their money back and this works out to be the worst result for the bookmaker as they will be unable to make their over-round.
Spread betting is also popular in horse racing. If a horse has a considerable edge on the field, punters may want to bet on how far the horse may win by. Bets can also be placed on the collective winning distances of a racecard or even over an entire racing festival.
Spread betting is most commonly seen in America, where nearly every sports market revolves around spread betting and punters rarely bet on an outright result. The practise was invented by an American named Charles Kline McNeil who was a maths teacher in the 1930s. He went on to become a bookmaker several years later and completely changed the betting scene in America. Spread betting is now used in financial markets such as shares and currencies as well as sports.
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