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Ailuropoda
Melursus
Tremarctos
Helarctos
Ursus spelaeus

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How many species of bears are there?
Giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ) feeding in a bamboo forest, Sichuan (Szechwan) province, China.
Curiosity may have killed the cat, but kinkajous, bluebacks, and mustelids are alive and well in these questions! They’re just some of the amazing animals featured in this fact or fiction quiz.
Polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) on an ice floe in Norway.
Watch young male polar bears display their strength as they wait for Hudson Bay to freeze so they can hunt for food on the ice
Learn about young male polar bears testing their strength.
The spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus ) of South America's Andes Mountains is the only bear species that lives south of the Equator.
Learn about polar bears preying on walrus on Wrangel Island
Polar bears hunting walrus on Wrangel Island, Russia.
Sun bears ( Helarctos malayanus ) inhabit Southeast Asia and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Borneo.
Sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) are primarily found in India, and their geographic range extends from northern India and Nepal southward to Sri Lanka and eastward to Bangladesh.
The range of the Asiatic black bear ( Ursus thibetanus ) extends from southern Iran to eastern Asia.
American black bears ( Ursus americanus ) are found throughout North America as far south as central Mexico.
Watch polar bear cubs leaving their den, emerging into the outside world for the first time
Polar bear cubs leaving their den for the first time.

Scientists believe fossilized skulls of elephant relatives found by ancient Greeks were the basis for the mythological Cyclops.
Adult black bear and cub ( Ursus americanus ).
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There are eight species of bears: the American black bear, the Asiatic black bear, the brown bear, the giant panda, the polar bear, the sloth bear, the spectacled bear, and the sun bear.
Bears are generally omnivorous, but dietary preferences range from seals for the entirely carnivorous polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ) to assorted vegetation for the largely herbivorous spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus ). The giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ) eats only bamboo.
The largest bear is either the Kodiak bear, a subspecies of Alaskan brown bear, or the polar bear, depending upon which measurements are considered. Either of these bears can weigh up to 720 kilograms (1,600 pounds).
The longevity of bears in the wild ranges from 15 to 30 years. In captivity they can live considerably longer.
bear , (family Ursidae), any of eight species of large short-tailed carnivores found in the Americas , Europe , and Asia . The sun bear ( Helarctos malayanus ) is the smallest, often weighing less than 50 kg (110 pounds). The largest bear is either the Kodiak bear ( Ursus arctos middendorffi , a subspecies of Alaskan brown bear ; see also grizzly bear ) or the polar bear ( Ursus maritimus ), depending upon which measurements are considered; either of these bears can weigh up to 720 kg (1,600 pounds). The black bear ( Ursus americanus ) is common in parts of the United States and Canada.
Bears are generally omnivorous, but dietary preferences range from seals for the entirely carnivorous polar bear to assorted vegetation for the largely herbivorous spectacled bear ( Tremarctos ornatus ). The giant panda ( Ailuropoda melanoleuca ) eats only bamboo . Usually gaining weight beforehand, most bears sleep fitfully through much of the winter, but they do not truly hibernate . Despite their bulk, most bears climb with ease and swim strongly.
Ursids are mainly animals of northern temperate regions and are found farther north than any other mammal . The Arctic fox is found as far north on land, but the polar bear regularly roams on sea ice hundreds of kilometres from shore. Africa and Australia lack bears entirely. The spectacled bear of South America’s Andes Mountains is the only bear species that lives south of the Equator.
Although clumsy in appearance, bears can move surprisingly fast, even through dense cover that would seriously impede a human or a horse. Their senses of sight and hearing, however, are poorly developed, and most hunting is done by smell . Some, such as black bears and spectacled bears, are strong climbers, and all are strong swimmers, most notably the polar bear . Bears do not generally communicate by sound and usually are quiet, but they do growl at times when feeding, when being challenged by another bear or by humans, and when competing for mates.
Except for the carnivorous polar bear and the vegetarian giant panda, ursids are omnivorous, consuming many items that seem small for an animal of such large size. Ants, bees, seeds of trees, roots, nuts, berries, insect larvae such as grubs, and even the dainty dogtooth violet are eaten. Many bears relish honey , and the sun bear is sometimes called the “honey bear” because of this. Prey taken by bears includes rodents , fish , deer , pigs , and seals . Grizzlies (a North American subspecies of the brown bear, Ursus arctos ) are known for their skillful fishing during the spawning runs of salmon . The polar bear’s diet is dictated by the Arctic environment , as little vegetation grows within its range. The Asian sloth bear ( Melursus ursinus ) delights especially in raiding and destroying termite nests, sucking up termites and larvae with its funnel-like lips. The giant panda has a special bone formation of the forefoot that functions as a sixth digit; it is opposable to the other five and thus is useful in handling bamboo.
Most bears, including the American and Asiatic black bears ( Ursus americanus and U. thibetanus ), eat large amounts of food before entering a den for a period of deep sleep during the winter. The polar bear digs a den in the snow, whereas grizzlies build large mounds of dirt in front of their dens. Bears, however, lack the physiological characteristics (lower heart rate, body temperature, breathing rate, and blood pressure) exhibited by animals that truly hibernate .
Male polar bears sometimes congregate, but otherwise bears are solitary except during the mating season. Then they tend to congregate, pair off, and mate in seclusion. The male leaves the female soon after mating and plays no role in raising the young. Gestation periods vary, the fertilized egg remaining dormant in the uterus ( delayed implantation ), which ensures the birth of young while the female is in the winter den and guarantees that the cubs will emerge from the den in the spring, when food is abundant. Ursids breed once per year at most, and many bears breed only every two to four years. The breeding season is usually in late spring or early summer. Delayed implantation results in most births occurring in January or February. Newborn bears weigh about half a kilogram (one pound) and are about 23 cm (9 inches) long from the nose to the tip of the short tail. Twins are most common in bears, but up to five young may be produced. The cubs nurse for a few months and stay with the female until the next breeding (about a year and a half or more after birth). Most young, however, can get along on their own by about six months of age. Bears reach breeding condition at three and a half to six years of age, males usually maturing later than females. Longevity of bears in the wild ranges from 15 to 30 years, but in captivity they can live considerably longer.
Because of their large size, bears have few natural enemies in the wild. Most mortality occurs because of hunting by humans. On occasion, bears that fail to accumulate enough fat to last throughout the winter may die of starvation. Young bears are more vulnerable to predation because of their smaller size and thus may be killed by other carnivores such as wolves or cougars but most importantly by other bears, especially males. For this reason, females with cubs are highly protective of their young in the vicinity of males.
Home ranges occupied by individual bears vary in size depending on the abundance of food, and larger areas are used when food is in short supply. Although highly variable among geographic areas and even among seasons, American black bears roam areas of 40 to 200 square km (15 to 77 square miles), grizzlies about 300 to 700 square km (115 to 270 square miles). Some polar bears trek across ranges of more than 125,000 square km (48,000 square miles).

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Grizzly bears can be eight feet long and weigh more than a thousand pounds.

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Grizzly bears can be eight feet long and weigh more than a thousand pounds.
Bears are mammals that belong to the family Ursidae . They can be as small as four feet long and about 60 pounds (the sun bear) to as big as eight feet long and more than a thousand pounds (the polar bear). They’re found throughout North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.
They have nonretractable claws, short tails, and excellent sense of smell. They’re typically solitary, except for mothers with cubs. There are eight species: Asiatic black bears (also called moon bears), brown bears (which include grizzly bears ), giant pandas , North American black bears , polar bears , sloth bears , spectacled bears (also called Andean bears), and sun bears .
On average, bears can live up to 25 years in the wild and 50 in captivity. Six species, including the polar bear and the giant panda, are included on the IUCN Red List as threatened or vulnerable.
During winter, when food is scarce, most bears have an effective survival solution: hibernation, a physical state in which the heart rate, body temperature, metabolism, and respiration is lowered. Grizzly and black bears can go for 100 days or so without eating, drinking, urinating, or defecating. They live off a layer of fat that they build up during the summer and fall.
Female bears rouse during hibernation in their dens to give birth to up to four cubs. Giant pandas , which do not hibernate, usually give birth to just one cub. After a couple of months, the cubs are strong enough to totter out after their mother—except for sloth bear cubs, which hitch a ride on their mother’s back.
All bears are considered omnivores—and yes, they all love the taste of honey—but each species has a preferred diet. Polar mostly eat seals. American black bears love berries and insect larvae when they’re available, and giant pandas mainly eat bamboo, though they’ll also eat small animals. Despite their name, sloth bears are ferociously fast eaters, able to tear a hole in a termite mound, push their noses inside, and inhale a full meal in just a few seconds. Brown bears in Alaska gorge on spawning salmon, plucking them from the water or catching them right out of the air as they jump.
Among the biggest threats to all species of bears is habitat loss, especially from logging, agriculture, and growing human populations. Habitat loss reduces the amount of area bears have to hunt and means they’re increasingly coming into contact with humans, which can lead to human-wildlife conflict. Bears are killed out of concern for human safety or in retaliation for hunting livestock or crop-raiding.
Some species of bears, including Asiatic black bears and sun bears, are also threatened by th
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