Battle extra clitoris contre clitoris
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Battle extra clitoris contre clitoris
BACK
"IF I RESPECTED YOUR BELIEFS I WOULD
HAVE THEM"
The resistance and education
among African people is an ongoing process that will surely still take a lot
more time and energy until its success. The view on this cruel patriarchal
tradition needs to be changed, and more and more women are focusing on the
ongoing struggle.
Gambian women, educating people not to continue practicing the torture of female genital mutilation
Photos © by Cordula Kropke
The UN's health agencies have worked for years on FGM as a health hazard to women and
girls. Research evidence shows grave permanent damage to the health of girls and women.
Acute complications involve hemorrhage infections, bleeding of adjacent organs, violent
pain. Life long complications include scarring, chronic infection, urologic and obstetric
diseases, serious complications during childbirth, pain at intercourse and chronic
depression. The international community has recognized FGM as a human rights violation
and a form of violence against women.
African women have been working for many years in grassroots communities and with their
governments to educate women and men about the harm caused to girls and women by FGM. A
number of governments have outlawed FGM, but the practice continues. In many of these
societies, women's subordinate status renders them economically and socially dependent on
their husbands and fathers, making it very difficult to avoid undergoing the operation.
Efforts to eradicate the practice must also include ending pervasive discrimination
against girls and women in these societies.
Global Efforts to Stop FGM Are Increasing Programs In more than 20 African
countries, the Inter-African Committee on Traditional Practices (IAC) with the
collaboration of local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) has launched an extensive
educational campaign aimed at eliminating FGM. Women in Egypt and Sudan recommended
education as the best means to end this practice. 66 Various African NGOs are involved in
research and eradication campaigns. These include The Comity National de Lutte contre la
Pratique de l'Excision in Burkina Faso, the National Association of Nigerian Nurses and
Midwives, the Maendeleo Ya Wanawake Organization in Kenya, the National Research Network
in Senegal, the National Union of Eritrean Youth, and the Seventh Day Adventist Church in
Kenya. Technical assistance, advocacy, and funding are being provided by various national
and international development agencies such as PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in
Health), RAINBE (Research, Action, and Information Network for Bodily Integrity of Women),
Equality Now, the Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA), Population
Council, Wallace Global Fund, and Women's International Network.
Education about the harmful effects of FGM and its illegality is provided to African
immigrants in Australia, Canada, France, Holland, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and
the United States. United Nations agencies (UNICEF, UNFPA, and WHO) issued a joint
position paper and are increasing their efforts to eradicate FGM. WHO recently launched a
15-year strategy to accelerate these efforts. The United States Agency for International
Development (USAID), recently reviewed its FGM programming and increased its support for
FGM eradication programs by working with technical agencies such as PATH, RAINBE,
International Center for Research on Women, CEDPA, The Focus Project, and the Population
Council.
Learning to resist and fight against cruel traditions:
Gambian women joining a workshop in the villages
T he existence of her child was all the
evidence the judge needed.
" We uphold your
conviction of
death by stoning
as prescribed
by the Sharia"
(Iislamic law) .
Amina Lawal WIKIPEDIA
Combating genital mutilation in Sudan
By S a r a M a n s a v a g e UNICEF Feature No. 00109.SUD
The lights are dim and the voices quiet. Tension fills the room where Nafisa, a
six-year-old Sudanese girl lies on a bed in the corner. Her aunt, 25-year-old Zeinab,
watches protectively as her niece undergoes the procedure now known as female genital
mutilation (FGM), formerly called female circumcision. In this procedure, performed
without anaesthesia, a girl's external sexual organs are partially or totally cut away.
Zeinab does not approve. For the past year she has been trying to persuade her mother
and sister to spare Nafisa from the procedure. She lost the battle with her family, but
she will stay at her niece's side. She watches Nafisa lying quietly, brave and confused,
and remembers her own experience.
Zeinab underwent the procedure twice. At six years old she had the more moderate form
of FGM, called Sunni, in which the covering of the clitoris is removed. When she was 15
the older women of her family insisted she have the Pharaonic form, which involves removal
of the entire clitoris and the labia and stitching together of the vulva, leaving just a
small hole for elimination of urine and menstrual blood.
Zeinab still remembers the pain, the face of the women performing the procedure, the
sound of her flesh being cut. She also remembers bleeding and being sick for weeks.
This extreme form of FGM has been performed on 82 per cent of Sudanese women, according
to a recent survey. Today, 85 to 114 million girls and women in more than 30 countries
have been subjected to FGM. Female genital mutilation has long been performed to ensure
chaste or monogamous behaviour by suppressing female sexuality.
It is commonly - although
erroneously - attributed to religious edict. In fact, neither Islam nor Christianity
officially sanctions it.
FGM is dangerous. It is estimated that untrained traditional birth attendants perform
two thirds of the procedures. They typically have limited knowledge of health and hygiene
and often use inadequately cleaned traditional instruments. Side effects of FGM include
trauma, bleeding and haemorrhage; pain, stress and shock; infections (which can be fatal);
painful and difficult sexual relations; obstructed labour and difficult childbirth; and
psychological trauma. The effects can last a lifetime.
The practice was declared illegal in the Sudan in 1941, but that did little to stop it.
About 90 per cent of northern Sudanese women have had it done. Why does FGM continue? In
surveys, the most common reason given is fear of social criticism. Although women in the
16- to 30-year-old age group are receptive to the notion of eradicating FGM, older women
are resistant. Many fear that an uncircumcised daughter will be a social outcast whom no
man will marry. But efforts to stop the procedure are beginning. Dr. Amna Abdel Rahman,
coordinator of the Sudan National Committee on Harmful Traditional Practices (SNCTP), has
been working to eliminate it.
"It has nothing to do with religion, and it damages women's health and
socio-economic life," she says, calling on women to fight to stop FGM. She has gained
government support, and eradication of FGM is now part of the National Plan of Action for
the Survival, Protection and Development of Sudanese Children. An initial three-year
education effort focuses on Central State, where the Pharaonic from is widespread. With
funds from the Government of the Netherlands, Swedish Radda Barnen and UNICEF, the SNCTP
is targeting community leaders, health workers and women's and youth organizations in a
comprehensive awareness-raising effort. Dr. Rahman hopes to eradicate FGM by the year
2000.
It is too late for Zeinab and Nafisa. But teaching them the importance of eradicating
FGM may spare their daughters from this harmful tradition.
- S a r a M a n s a v a g e is a freelance writer formerly based in Khartoum.
For example W a r i s D i r i e,
author of 'Desert Flower'
'Desert Flower is the compelling autobiography of
supermodel Waris Dirie , born into a
traditional Somali family of nomads who believed in such archaic customs as female genital
mutilation and arranged marriages between prepubescent girls and elderly men, for a dowry
of a few goats and camels. The young Waris survived exploitation, attempted rape, and
casual violence as she tenaciously fought her way as far as London, where she took a job
as a maid for a distant uncle. There, as she struggled to learn to read and write, her
striking beauty caught the eye of a photographer, and soon she had launched a modeling
career that would take her all the way to New York City and international celebrity.
Today, as a special ambassador appointed by the United Nations, she travels the world
speaking out against female genital mutilation, promoting the cause of women's rights, and
educating people about the war-torn, drought-parched region of Africa she fled - but still
loves deeply.'
Source: The Publisher
Desert Flower: The Extraordinary Journey of a Desert Nomad
W a r i s D i r i e w i t h C a t h l e e n M i l l e r
ISBN: 0688158234
Women America -
FGM Map - 2007 - U.S.A.
Amnesty International:
"In Iran, stoning a person to death is
not against the law -- using the wrong stone is."
Please
help eradicate Intolerance !
Female Genital Mutilation
(FGM) is
practiced in Africa's Islamic countries...
Women
in resistance -
Educating the people
Burkina Faso government block clitoral repair hospital opening
Tue, Mar 4th, 2014
According to a statement released today by the nonprofit organization
Clitoraid, pressure from the Catholic Church and other detractors of the
International Raelian Movement (IRM) has caused Burkina Faso’s government to
block the scheduled March 7 opening of Clitoraid’s clitoral repair hospital,
known as the Kamkaso Hospital, in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Nicknamed
“the Pleasure Hospital”, the Kamkaso facility is the first of its kind in
the world.
“Although the government has suddenly withdrawn its approval for surgeries
to be performed there, this facility, once open, will provide free surgery
for victims of female genital mutilation,” said Dr. Brigitte Boisselier,
president of Clitoraid and spokesperson for the IRM. “The procedure repairs
the physical damage they endured. But this wonderful mission has now been
stymied by the Catholic Church and its cronies, who are conducting a smear
campaign against it for their own selfish motives.”
Boisselier said Clitoraid will seek immediate legal redress through the
courts.
“In the meantime, the surgeries we had scheduled will still take place over
the next few weeks, at another hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso,” she said. “We’re
going ahead as planned.”
She went on to describe why the Kamkaso Hospital will not open on March 7.
“Although the request for licensure of the new hospital was submitted in
2011 and we received repeated assurances from regional and national
officials that the hospital could open on March 7, the health minister of
Burkina Faso has explained to a representative of AVFE, our local Clitoraid
partner, that the license will not be approved for our scheduled
inauguration date of March 7,” Boisselier explained. “Nevertheless, we will
go ahead with our inauguration ceremony as planned. And our surgical team
will still operate on the patients scheduled for the procedure, but that
will take place at another hospital.”
She said that an official source who requested anonymity told her that
strong pressure from IRM detractors, especially the Catholic Church, was
responsible for both the license refusal and the cancellation of the First
Lady of Burkina Faso’s participation in the opening ceremony.
“By seeking to prevent our opening, the Catholic Church has become an
accomplice of the criminals who mutilate the genitals of African women,”
Boisselier declared. “Along with its mission of restoring mutilated
clitorises for FGM victims, Clitoraid’s Pleasure Hospital will be a strong
deterrent to those who still practice this barbaric custom. They would stop
making the excisions since it’s foolish to destroy something that can be
readily restored.”
Boisselier said this stance taken by the Catholic Church against Clitoraid
is hardly a surprise, given the Vatican’s record.
“Those blocking our opening are the same criminals who support pedophile
priests and money laundering by Vatican banks,” she said. “And their
directives against using condoms are responsible for thousands of
unnecessary AIDS deaths in Africa.”
Boisselier said Clitoraid will take prompt legal action to open the
hospital.
“This pressure to close us down will only delay the opening,” she said. “Our
attorneys are already looking into various legal options and there will also
be worldwide protests in front of Burkina Faso’s embassies.”
As evidence of the pressures brought by the Catholic Church, Boisselier
cited the following declaration made against the Kamkaso Hospital by
Professor R. Marie Charlemagne Ouedraogo, a Knight of the French Legion of
Honor and Commander of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, a well-known
branch of the Catholic Church.
“This is a big campaign of fraud organized by the sect of Rael with the
complicity of certain doctors of Burkina Faso! The health ministry and the
governor are beseeched to stop this poisonous campaign! Also, the complicit
doctors will have to appear before the medical board very soon!”
“How can a doctor who performs these surgeries himself at very high cost to
his patients accuse us of a fraudulent campaign when his rates are way too
high for the poor women who planned to come to the Kamkaso hospital?”
Boisselier asked. “What is the real fraud here? Clitoraid offers free
surgeries performed by competent volunteer doctors, and they follow a
procedure that has been published officially by its originator, Dr. Pierre
Foldes of France. It has already been performed on thousands of women.”
Boisselier went on to elaborate about what she considers the real reason for
the smear campaign against Clitoraid and the Kamkaso hospital. “The real
reason for this delay in the hospital opening is clearly linked to the fact
that this purely humanitarian project was initiated by Rael, spiritual
leader of the Raelian Movement,” she said. “The people putting pressure
against this hospital prefer to pursue a pseudo-philosophical vendetta for
their own profit instead of thinking of the 80 women who will be in
Bobo-Dioulasso to have their free surgery between March 3 and March 14.”
According to Boisselier, the surgeries will be done at the hospital of a
doctor friend who will host Clitoraid’s medical team.
“Our surgeons are licensed to perform surgeries in Burkina Faso,” she
pointed out. “The people responsible for these pressures against us should
be ashamed. The Kamkaso hospital is the collective effort of thousands of
people of various philosophical backgrounds. They have all contributed to
restore the pleasure of life to thousands of women who experienced deep
trauma. To prevent them from receiving this voluntary and free help simply
because the people offering it don’t believe in their god is outrageous. But
this campaign against us is perfectly aligned with other misdeeds of the
Catholic Church, which teaches that suffering is a source of awakening and
ultimate spirituality.”
Boisselier explained that for Raelians, pleasure is the most beautiful
source of fulfillment.
“We will continue doing our best to help FGM victims get their dignity back
as women and enjoy their right to enjoy physical pleasure and fulfillment,”
she said.
The building inauguration ceremony will be held at Clitoraid’s Kamkaso
Hospital on March 7 starting at 10 a.m. A press conference will follow.
Distributed by APO (African Press Organization) on behalf of Clitoraid.
A n Islamic appeal court has upheld a
sentence of death by stoning for adultery against a Nigerian woman.
Amina Lawal, 30, was found guilty by a court in Katsina state, Nigeria,
after bearing a child outside of marriage.
(BBC Aug. 19. 2002)
Link
In her defense, lawyers used the notion of "extended pregnancy",
arguing that under Sharia law, a five year interval is possible between
human conception and birth (sic) .
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