Bar | Svensk Porr

Bar | Svensk Porr

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Unit of pressure equal to 100,000 Pa
For other uses, see Bar (disambiguation) .
A pressure of 700 bar flattened this length of aluminium tubing, which had a wall thickness of 5 millimetres (0.20 in).

^ Jump up to: a b International Bureau of Weights and Measures (2019-05-20), SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI) (PDF) (9th ed.), ISBN 978-92-822-2272-0 , archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-01-13 .

^ Jump up to: a b c British Standard BS 350:2004 Conversion Factors for Units .

^ "Nomenclature of the unit of absolute pressure, Charles F. Marvin, 1918" (PDF) . noaa.gov . Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 April 2017 . Retrieved 6 May 2018 .

^ NIST Special Publication 1038 Archived 2016-03-19 at the Wayback Machine , Sec. 4.3.2; NIST Special Publication 811, 2008 edition Archived 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine , Sec. 5.2

^ International Astronomical Union Style Manual. Comm. 5 in IAU Transactions XXB, 1989, Table 6

^ Grave (unit)

^ Canada, Environment (2013-04-16). "Canadian Weather at a Glance - Environment Canada" . www.weatheroffice.gc.ca . Archived from the original on 2 January 2018 . Retrieved 6 May 2018 .

^ Canada, Environment (2013-04-16). "Canadian Weather - Environment Canada" . www.weatheroffice.gc.ca . Archived from the original on 2 January 2018 . Retrieved 6 May 2018 .

^ US government atmospheric pressure map

^ The Weather Channel

^ Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (1983). "Algorithms for computation of fundamental properties of seawater" (PDF) . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-04-12 . Retrieved 2014-05-11 .

^ "What do the letters 'g' and 'a' denote after a pressure unit? (FAQ - Pressure) : FAQs : Reference : National Physical Laboratory" . Archived from the original on 7 April 2016 . Retrieved 7 February 2016 .

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The bar is a metric unit of pressure , but not part of the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as exactly equal to 100,000 Pa (100 kPa), or slightly less than the current average atmospheric pressure on Earth at sea level (approximately 1.013 bar). [1] [2] By the barometric formula , 1 bar is roughly the atmospheric pressure on Earth at an altitude of 111 metres at 15 °C.

The bar and the millibar were introduced by the Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes , who was a founder of the modern practice of weather forecasting . [3]

The International System of Units , despite previously mentioning the bar, now omits any mention of it. [1] The bar has been legally recognised in countries of the European Union since 2004. [2] The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) deprecates its use except for "limited use in meteorology " and lists it as one of several units that "must not be introduced in fields where they are not presently used". [4] The International Astronomical Union (IAU) also lists it under "Non-SI units and symbols whose continued use is deprecated". [5]

Units derived from the bar include the megabar (symbol: Mbar ), kilobar (symbol: kbar ), decibar (symbol: dbar ), centibar (symbol: cbar ), and millibar (symbol: mbar ).

The bar is defined using the SI derived unit , pascal : 1 bar ≡ 100,000 Pa ≡ 100,000 N/m 2 .

and 1 bar is approximately equal to:

The word bar has its origin in the Ancient Greek word βάρος ( baros ), meaning weight . The unit's official symbol is bar ; the earlier symbol b is now deprecated and conflicts with the use of b denoting the unit barn , but it is still encountered, especially as mb (rather than the proper mbar ) to denote the millibar. Between 1793 and 1795, the word bar was used for a unit of weight in an early version of the metric system. [6]

Atmospheric air pressure where standard atmospheric pressure is defined as 1013.25 mbar, 101.325 kPa , 1.01325 bar, which is about 14.7 pounds per square inch . Despite the millibar not being an SI unit, meteorologists and weather reporters worldwide have long measured air pressure in millibars as the values are convenient. After the advent of SI units, some meteorologists began using hectopascals (symbol hPa) which are numerically equivalent to millibars; for the same reason, the hectopascal is now the standard unit used to express barometric pressures in aviation in most countries. For example, the weather office of Environment Canada uses kilopascals and hectopascals on their weather maps. [7] [8] In contrast, Americans are familiar with the use of the millibar in US reports of hurricanes and other cyclonic storms. [9] [10]

In fresh water, there is an approximate numerical equivalence between the change in pressure in decibars and the change in depth from the water surface in metres . Specifically, an increase of 1 decibar occurs for every 1.019716 m increase in depth. In sea water with respect to the gravity variation, the latitude and the geopotential anomaly the pressure can be converted into metres' depth according to an empirical formula (UNESCO Tech. Paper 44, p. 25). [11] As a result, decibars are commonly used in oceanography .

In scuba diving, bar is also the most widely used unit to express pressure, e.g. 200 bar being a full standard scuba tank, and depth increments of 10 metre of seawater being equivalent to 1 bar of pressure.

Many engineers worldwide use the bar as a unit of pressure because, in much of their work, using pascals would involve using very large numbers. In measurement of vacuum and in vacuum engineering , residual pressures are typically given in millibar, although torr or millimeter of mercury (mmHg) were historically common.

Engineers that specialize in technical safety for offshore petrochemical facilities would be expected to exclusively refer to explosion loads in units of bar or bars. A bar is a convenient unit of measure for pressures generated by low frequency vapor cloud explosions that are commonly considered as part of accidental loading risk studies.

In the automotive field, turbocharger boost is often described in bars outside the United States. Tire pressure is often specified in bars. In hydraulic machinery components are rated to the maximum system oil pressure, which is typically in hundreds of bars, for example 300 bar is common for industrial fixed machinery.

Unicode has characters for "mb" ( U+33D4 ㏔ SQUARE MB SMALL ) and "bar" ( U+3374 ㍴ SQUARE BAR ), but they exist only for compatibility with legacy Asian encodings and are not intended to be used in new documents.

The kilobar, equivalent to 100 MPa, is commonly used in geological systems, particularly in experimental petrology .

"Bar(a)" and "bara" are sometimes used to indicate absolute pressures , and "bar(g)" and "barg" for gauge pressures . This usage is deprecated and fuller descriptions such as "gauge pressure of 2 bar" or "2-bar gauge" are recommended. [2] [12]

1 Pa = 0.000 145 037 737 730 lbf/in 2

Home / Pressure Conversion / Convert bar to psi
Please provide values below to convert bar to psi [psi], or vice versa .
Definition: A bar (symbol: bar) is a metric unit of pressure that is defined as exactly 100,000 pascals (symbol: Pa). It is equal to 0.987 atmospheres (101,325 Pa), the unit often used as a reference of standard pressure.
History/origin: The unit, bar, was introduced by Vilhelm Bjerknes, a Norwegian meteorologist who founded modern weather forecasting. The term "bar" comes from the Greek word "baros," which means weight.
Current use: Although the bar is a metric unit of pressure, it is not accepted within the International System of Units (SI) and is even deprecated within certain fields. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has specified the bar as a unit that authors should have the freedom to use but has chosen not to include the bar in the list of non-SI units accepted for use with SI.
Millibars (symbol: mb) are also commonly used when referencing atmospheric air pressure, where atmospheric pressure equals 1013.25 mbar (101.325 kPa). Meteorologists and weather reporters worldwide often use this unit for convenience, since working in pascals would result in much larger values.
Definition: A pound-force per square inch (symbol: psi) is an imperial and US customary unit of pressure based on avoirdupois units. It is defined as the pressure that results when a force of one pound-force is applied to a one-square-inch area. One psi is approximately 6,895 pascals (N/m 2 ).
History/origin: Pound-force per square inch is a unit that originated in the imperial and US customary systems of units. It is based on the avoirdupois system, a system that uses weights in terms of the avoirdupois pound, which was standardized in 1959. The system is believed to have come into use in England around 1300 and was used in the international wool trade. As such, the prototype pound at the time was known as the avoirdupois wool pound.
Current use: The psi is fairly widely used to measure numerous pressures, such as tire pressure, scuba tank pressure, natural gas pipeline pressure, among others. Although the pascal is more widely used in scientific contexts, psi is more often used in everyday contexts, particularly in countries like the United States as well as others under the US customary or imperial systems of units.
1 bar = 14.503773773 psi 1 psi = 0.0689475729 bar
Example: convert 15 bar to psi: 15 bar = 15 × 14.503773773 psi = 217.556606595 psi

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