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2 Conductor #10 AWG stranded outdoor wiring cable

2 Conductor #10 AWG stranded outdoor wiring cable

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NOTE: No returns or refunds on CUT wire or cable. No Exceptions!! - so please make sure you order the correct item - if you're not sure, call or email us.
Mfg description: STRANDED BARE COPPER CONDUCTORS, PVC-NYLON INSULATION, SUN-RESISTANT PVC JACKET, TESTED PER UL REQUIREMENTS FOR TYPE TC CABLES HAVING THWN OR THHN (TFFN) CONDUCTORS. CABLES ARE LISTED FOR DIRECT BURIAL. 90C, 600V
Tray Cable: This is the standard wire for all outdoor and indoor solar panel wiring applications. Commonly used for PV module wiring. Water and sunlight resistant. UL approved for use without conduit. Also known as type TC (tray cable). Complies with NEC article 340 and 690 and is rated as sunlight and moisture resistant, 90 degree C. Suitable for direct burial. Color may be White/Black, White/Red, or Black/Black.
We recommend #10 or #12 for wiring most solar electric panels with junction boxes, and #8 for higher amperage or long runs from the solar panel combiner or junction box to the charge controller or battery system. For utility tie (grid tie) where much higher voltages are involved at lower current, you can usually use #12 for all wiring from the solar panels to the inverter unless it is a very long run or you have a very large PV array.

Navigation: DIY Audio Projects / Technical Audio and Reference Information / American Wire Gauge (AWG) Cable Conductor Size Chart - Sizes, Current, Resistance

Last update 11 September 2011. Created 14 February 2009. © diyAudioProjects.com - Terms of Service - Privacy Policy

American wire gauge (AWG) is a standardized wire gauge system for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically conducting wire. The larger the AWG number or wire guage, the smaller the physical size of the wire. The smallest AWG size is 40 and the largest is 0000 (4/0). AWG general rules of thumb - for every 6 gauge decrease, the wire diameter doubles and for every 3 gauge decrease, the cross sectional area doubles. Note - W&M Wire Gauge, US Steel Wire Gauge and Music Wire Gauge are different systems.

Table 1 lists the AWG sizes for electrical cables / conductors. In addition to wire size, the table provides values load (current) carrying capacity, resistance and skin effects. The resistances and skin depth noted are for copper conductors. A detailed description of each conductor property is described below Table 1.

AWG Notes : American Wire Gauge (AWG) is a standardized wire gauge system used predominantly in the United States to note the diameter of electrically conducting wire. The general rule of thumb is for every 6 gauge decrease the wire diameter doubles and every 3 gauge decrease doubles the cross sectional area.

Diameter Notes : A mil is a unit of length equal to 0.001 inch (a "milli-inch" or a "thousandth of one inch") ie. 1 mil = 0.001".

Resistance Notes : The resistance noted in the table above is for copper wire conductor. For a given current, you can use the noted resistance and apply Ohms Law to calculate the voltage drop across the conductor.

Current (ampacity) Notes : The current ratings shown in the table are for power transmission and have been determined using the rule of 1 amp per 700 circular mils, which is a very conservative rating. For reference, the National Electrical Code (NEC) notes the following ampacity for copper wire at 30 Celsius:
14 AWG - maximum of 20 Amps in free air, maximum of 15 Amps as part of a 3 conductor cable;
12 AWG - maximum of 25 Amps in free air, maximum of 20 Amps as part of a 3 conductor cable;
10 AWG - maximum of 40 Amps in free air, maximum of 30 Amps as part of a 3 conductor cable.

Check your local electrical code for the correct current capacity (ampacity) for mains and in wall wiring.

Skin Effect and Skin Depth Notes : Skin effect is the tendency of an alternating electric current (AC) to distribute itself within a conductor so that the current density near the surface of the conductor is greater than that at its core. That is, the electric current tends to flow at the "skin" of the conductor. The skin effect causes the effective resistance of the conductor to increase with the frequency of the current. The maximum frequency show is for 100% skin depth (ie. no skin effects).

Great, now that you're armed with this information about AWG and conuctors, take a look at some of the DIY Hi-Fi Audio Cables and Mains Power Cord Projects .

Max Frequency for 100% skin depth

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
North American standard for electrical wire diameters
"AWG" redirects here. For other uses, see AWG (disambiguation) .

^ Jump up to: a b
For example, for

n
=
0

,

{\displaystyle \,n=0\,,}

the gauge used " AWG 0", as-is; for

n
=
−
1

,

{\displaystyle \,n=-1\,,}

the gauge is either "00" or "2/0"; for

n
=
−
2

,

{\displaystyle \,n=-2\,,}

either "000" or "3/0";

n
=
−
3

,

{\displaystyle \,n=-3\,,}

either "0000" or "4/0"; and so on. The number of zeros, and the number n are off by one.

^
Note that, to the a little error in the last digits,

8.25154

mm

≈

(

25.4

mm/inch

)

×
0.324860

inches

.

{\displaystyle 8.25154{\text{ mm }}\approx \left(25.4{\text{ mm/inch }}\right)\times 0.324860{\text{ inches }}.}

^
The logarithm base 92 can be computed using any other logarithm, such as common or natural logarithm , using

log

92

⁡
(
x
)
=

log

B

⁡
x

log

B

⁡
92

,

{\displaystyle \;\log _{92}(x)={\frac {\log _{B}x}{\log _{B}92}}~,}

where B is any base for a logarithm – any number bigger than zero. Common values of “ B ” are 10 ( base 10 logarithms , usually shown as just log on the keys of most calculators ; a more explicit notation is to write out

log

10

⁡
(
⋅
)

{\displaystyle \,\log _{10}(\cdot )~}

). Likewise, most hand calculators show the natural logarithm as ln , or more explicitly as

log

e

⁡
(
⋅
)
≡
ln
⁡
(
⋅
)

,

{\displaystyle \,\log _{e}(\cdot )\equiv \ln(\cdot )~,}

where e is Euler's number,

e
≈
2.7182819

.

{\displaystyle \,e\approx 2.7182819~.}

Any logarithm will do, including exotic logarithms such as the binary or base-two logarithm

log

2

⁡
(
⋅
)

;

{\displaystyle \;\log _{2}(\cdot )~;}

the only caveat is that the same logarithm must be used throughout any one calculation.

^
Since

0.005

[inch]

=
0.127

mm

,

{\displaystyle \,0.005\,{\text{[inch]}}=0.127\,{\text{mm}}\,,}

exactly , by definition of the inch:

1

inch

≡
25.4

mm

{\displaystyle \;1\,{\text{ inch }}\equiv 25.4{\text{ mm }}\;}

defines the value of the inch . The two expressions for the ratio

R

{\displaystyle \,{\mathcal {R}}\,}

always produce the same number (when the correct units of measure are used for

d

{\displaystyle \,d\,}

in each). Note that the units of

[inch]

[inch]

{\displaystyle \;{\frac {\text{[inch]}}{\,{\text{[inch]}}\,}}\;}

divide out, as do

[mm]

[mm]

{\displaystyle \;{\frac {\text{[mm]}}{\,{\text{[mm]}}\,}}\;}

producing a " pure number ".

^
That is: You can use any logarithm you want, or have available, so long as the logarithm's base ( B ) is the same in both the numerator and denominator for any one calculation.

^ For enclosed wire at 30 °C ambient, [7] with given insulation material temperature rating, or for single unbundled wires in equipment for 16 AWG and smaller. [8]

^ Jump up to: a b or, equivalently, Ω /km

^ Jump up to: a b or, equivalently, Ω/kft

^ Jump up to: a b c d Exactly, by definition

^ For enclosed wire at 30 °C ambient, [7] with given insulation material temperature rating, or for single unbundled wires in equipment for 16 AWG and smaller. [8]

^ "ASTM B258-14 Standard Specification for Standard Nominal Diameters and Cross-sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical Conductors" . West Conshohocken : ASTM International . Archived from the original on 22 July 2014 . Retrieved 22 March 2015 .

^ SteelNavel.com Body Piercing Jewelry Size Reference — illustrating the different ways that size is measured on different kinds of jewelry

^ Standard Specification for Standard Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical Conductors (Report). 2008. p. 4. ASTM B258-02. [ full citation needed ]

^ The result is roughly 2.0050, or one-quarter of one percent higher than 2

^
Copper Wire Tables . U.S. Bureau of Standards (Technical report). Circular of the Bureau of Standards. Vol. 31. Stratton, S.W. director of the N.B.S. in office on publication (3rd ed.). United States Department of Commerce. 1 October 1914 – via archive.org. {{ cite techreport }} : CS1 maint: others ( link )

^ Jump up to: a b
Figure for solid copper wire at 68 °F , (Not in accordance to NEC Codebook 2014 Ch. 9, Table 8) computed based on 100% IACS conductivity of 58.0 M S /m, which agrees with multiple sources:
Lund, Mark. "American Wire Gauge table and AWG Electrical Current Load Limits" . Powerstream.com . Retrieved 2008-05-02 . (although the ft/m conversion seems slightly erroneous)
Belden Master Catalog, 2006, although data from there for gauges 35 and 37–40 seems obviously wrong.

High-purity oxygen-free copper can achieve up to 101.5% IACS conductivity; e.g., the Kanthal conductive alloys data sheet lists slightly lower resistances than this table.

^ Jump up to: a b
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code 2014 Edition Archived 2008-10-15 at the Wayback Machine . Table 310.15(B)(16) (formerly Table 310.16) page 70-161, "Allowable ampacities of insulated conductors rated 0 through 2000 volts, 60°C through 90°C, not more than three current-carrying conductors in raceway, cable, or earth (directly buried) based on ambient temperature of 30°C." Extracts from NFPA 70 do not represent the full position of NFPA and the original complete Code must be consulted. In particular, the maximum permissible overcurrent protection devices may set a lower limit.

^ Jump up to: a b "Table 11: Recommended Current Ratings (Continuous Duty) for electronic equipment and chassis wiring". Reference Data for Engineers: Radio, Electronics, Computer and Communications (7th ed.). pp. 49–16.

^ Jump up to: a b
Computed using equations from Beaty, H. Wayne; Fink, Donald G., eds. (2007), The Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers (15th ed.), McGraw Hill, pp. 4–25, ISBN 978-0-07-144146-9

^ Jump up to: a b
Brooks, Douglas G. (December 1998), "Fusing Current: When Traces Melt Without a Trace" (PDF) , Printed Circuit Design , 15 (12): 53

^ Jump up to: a b
Preece, W. H. (1883), "On the Heating Effects of Electric Currents" , Proceedings of the Royal Society , 36 (228–231): 464–471, doi : 10.1098/rspl.1883.0133 , S2CID 135649550

^ Jump up to: a b
Preece, W. H. (1887), "On the Heating Effects of Electric Currents" , Proceedings of the Royal Society , II (43): 280–295

^ Jump up to: a b
Preece, W. H. (1888), "On the Heating Effects of Electric Currents" , Proceedings of the Royal Society , III (44): 109–111

^ Jump up to: a b c d
Brooks, Douglas G.; Adam, Johannes (29 June 2015), "Who Were Preece and Onderdonk?" , Printed Circuit Design and Fab

^ Jump up to: a b
Stauffacher, E. R. (June 1928), "Short-time Current Carrying Capacity of Copper Wire" (PDF) , General Electric Review , 31 (6)

American wire gauge ( AWG ), also known as the Brown & Sharpe wire gauge , is a logarithmic stepped standardized wire gauge system used since 1857, predominantly in North America , for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically conducting wire. Dimensions of the wires are given in ASTM standard B 258. [1] The cross-sectional area of each gauge is an important factor for determining its current-carrying ampacity .

Increasing gauge numbers denote decreasing wire diameters, which is similar to many other non-metric gauging systems such as British Standard Wire Gauge (SWG), but unlike IEC 60228 , the metric wire-size standard used in most parts of the world. This gauge system originated in the number of drawing operations used to produce a given gauge of wire. Very fine wire (for example, 30 gauge) required more passes through the drawing dies than 0 gauge wire did. Manufacturers of wire formerly had proprietary wire gauge systems; the development of standardized wire gauges rationalized selection of wire for a particular purpose.

The AWG tables are for a single, solid and round conductor. The AWG of a stranded wire is determined by the cross-sectional area of the equivalent solid conductor. Because there are also small gaps between the strands, a stranded wire will always have a slightly larger overall diameter than a solid wire with the same AWG.

AWG is also commonly used to specify body piercing jewelry sizes (especially smaller sizes), even when the material is not metallic. [2]

By definition, Nr. 36 AWG is 0.005 inches in diameter, and Nr. 0000 is 0.46 inches in diameter, or nearly half-an-inch. The ratio of these diameters is 1:92, and there are 40 gauge sizes from the smallest Nr. 36 AWG to the largest Nr. 0000 AWG , or 39 steps. Each successive gauge number decreases the wire diameter by a constant factor. Any two neighboring gauges (e.g., AWG A and AWG B ) have diameters whose ratio (dia. B ÷ dia. A ) is

92

39

≈
1.12293

,

{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{39}]{92}}\approx 1.12293\;,}

while for gauges two steps apart (e.g., AWG A , AWG B , and AWG C ), the ratio of the C to A is about (1.12293)² ≈ 1.26098 .

The diameter of an AWG wire is determined according to the following formula:

(where n is the AWG size for gauges from 36 to 0, n = −1 for Nr. 00, n = −2 for AWG 000, and n = −3 for AWG 0000. See rule below. [a] )

The gauge number can be calculated from the diameter using the following formulas: [c]

The standard ASTM B258-02 defines the ratio between successive sizes to be the 39th root of 92, or approximately 1.1229322. [3] ASTM B258-02 also dictates that wire diameters should be tabulated with no more than 4 significant figures, with a resolution of no more than 0.0001 inches (0.1 mils) for wires larger than Nr. 44 AWG , and 0.00001 inches (0.01 mils) for wires Nr. 45 AWG and smaller.

Very fat wires have gauge` sizes denoted by multiple zeros – 0, 00, 000, and 0000 – the more zeros, the larger the wire, starting with AWG 0. The two notations overlap when the 2 step formula for n , above, produces zero. In that case the gauge number n is zero, it's taken as-is. If n is a negative number, the gauge number is notated by multiple zeros, up to just under a half-inch; beyond that point, the “wire” may instead considered a copper bar or rod. [a] The gauge can be denoted either using the long form with several zeros or the short form z "/0" called gauge " number of zeros /0" notation. For example 4/0 is short for AWG 0000. For an z /0 AWG wire, use the number of zeros

z
=
−
n
+
1

for

n
<
0

,

{\displaystyle \;z=-n+1~{\mathsf {\text{ for }}}~n<0\;,}

and similarly

n
=
−
z
+
1

for

z

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