Are You Getting The Most Out From Your Wheelchair Ramp?
Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A wheelchair ramp is a crucial tool in helping a loved one live at home in a way that is comfortable for them. If they are not designed properly they could be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require level landings at any changes in direction to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp's design should be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to move around the structure easily. The ramp slope can't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings should be level in any change of direction or change in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed from treated lumber, which is more durable and can withstand precipitation much better than untreated lumber.
The ramp's top and bottom must be free of obstacles like trees or bushes, as well as other structures which could hinder the safety of the user. In addition the ramp's surface must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require an anti-slip running surface along the ramp's entire length.
For the ramp frame, use treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend below ground level. The posts should then connect with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection minimizes the risk of a ramp operator falling off the ramp.
Then, build the ramp's frame using joists that are at least 16 inches long and beams of 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be placed at least 18 inches above ground and secured with joist hangings which are nails that grip inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.
Create an upper landing in the doorway, allowing wheelchair users to control the doorswing with ease. This landing should provide 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of doors that out-swing. The landing for doors that are in-swinging must be 58 by 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as a wheelchair user who has to reverse through the doorway.
Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp to prevent wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes on corners. A level landing makes it simpler to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that equipment such as lawnmowers can be able to pass underneath it.
Materials
The material used to construct the ramp for wheelchairs can be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer will assist you in choosing the right option for your office or home. ramps for wheelchairs is essential to take into consideration your budget and needs when selecting the materials used for the ramp. The ramp should be easy to maintain and safe for use. Certain cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface.
Before you purchase any building materials or begin construction, make sure that you have the appropriate permits from your local authority and that you follow all building codes in your area. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction can lead to dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current information regarding construction requirements at your local government's building department office, library or online.
Wood ramps are usually the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more maintenance than other options. The surface of wood ramps must be regularly treated with a sealer to prevent rot and warping. Wood can splinter, which is particularly hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps may also require additional support to maintain the structure.
Concrete ramps can be expensive, but are durable and long lasting. They are also heavy, which means more labor to install and makes moving the ramp after it's no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps weigh less than steel or concrete however they possess the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than iron or steel and are an ideal choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly because it is found in the earth's crust naturally and is recyclable.
The ramp's upper landing should be in a level area, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps that have gaps greater than this will not be able to meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp is smooth transitioning from the upper landing to the surface. The final section of the ramp should be curved to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly at the point of leaving or entering a home.
Installation
A ramp for wheelchairs is a ramp that has a plane that can be installed as an alternative to or in the place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to get into areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.
When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are a variety of factors to consider, including the location, height and price. A ramp should be placed close to the door as possible to help prevent unnecessary journeys. It should be located at a height that the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should also be properly secured to the ground and free of obstructions, such as shrubbery or parked cars.
ADA regulations require ramps to have handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. Additionally, they should be connected to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp's edge. If the ramp has switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails must be continuous between the ramp's edges.
The length of a ramp varies on the slope, however there are a few common ramps that can be used in all situations. For instance the threshold ramp is right on the edge of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway while ramps that are portable can be moved from one location to another and are available in a variety of sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be constructed on-site. These ramps are usually employed in public or commercial areas, and tend to be longer.
Check with your city's construction department to determine whether a permit is required for an enduring ramp. It is also a good idea to speak with a mobility expert to determine what kind of ramp is best suited to your needs and the space you have. In certain cases installing an all-weather ramp can boost the value of your home.
Maintenance
It's crucial to ensure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if will be using it often. You'll have to conduct regular inspections and repair any structural problems as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements and is safe for the users.
Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is required to remove dirt and debris that could hinder access. Cleaning the ramp regularly will also prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and creating rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work properly when the ramp is clean prior to application.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps due to the fact that they are more prone to wear and tear. It is essential to have the proper tools. To ensure that all fixings are secure and secure you'll require a good set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to make sure they are in good working order and have no signs of corrosion or damage. Over time, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon that some fittings or bolts that hold on the handrails to come loose. This can pose an issue for anyone who is using the ramp.
Another important factor is ensuring the ramp's surface is grippy, especially during winter when conditions may be a challenge. You'll need to clean up any dirt, leaves or other debris that could block the ramp and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slips and injury.
If you're planning to use your ramp all winter, consider investing in wheels for traction, or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are designed to be more efficient on slippery and snowy surfaces. They can help you remain on your ramp for longer than standard wheelchair tires. You can also make use of heating pads or heating tape to melt the snow and ice on the ramp before it accumulates.