Ansible Ssh Private Key File

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I ran into a configuration problem when coding an Ansible playbook for SSH private key files. In static Ansible inventories, I can define combinations of host servers, IP addresses, and related SSH private keys - but I have no idea how to define those with dynamic inventories.
I use the below command to call that playbook:
Clark Zheng
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alex
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TL;DR: Specify key file in group variable file, since 'tag_Name_server1' is a group.
Note: I'm assuming you're using the EC2 external inventory script. If you're using some other dynamic inventory approach, you might need to tweak this solution.
This is an issue I've been struggling with, on and off, for months, and I've finally found a solution, thanks to Brian Coca's suggestion here. The trick is to use Ansible's group variable mechanisms to automatically pass along the correct SSH key file for the machine you're working with.
The EC2 inventory script automatically sets up various groups that you can use to refer to hosts. You're using this in your playbook: in the first play, you're telling Ansible to apply 'role1' to the entire 'tag_Name_server1' group. We want to direct Ansible to use a specific SSH key for any host in the 'tag_Name_server1' group, which is where group variable files come in.
Assuming that your playbook is located in the 'my-playbooks' directory, create files for each group under the 'group_vars' directory:
Now, any time you refer to these groups in a playbook, Ansible will check the appropriate files, and load any variables you've defined there.
Within each group var file, we can specify the key file to use for connecting to hosts in the group:
Now, when you run your playbook, it should automatically pick up the right keys!
Using environment vars for portability
I often run playbooks on many different servers (local, remote build server, etc.), so I like to parameterize things. Rather than using a fixed path, I have an environment variable called SSH_KEYDIR that points to the directory where the SSH keys are stored.
In this case, my group vars files look like this, instead:
There's probably a bunch of neat ways this could be improved. For one thing, you still need to manually specify which key to use for each group. Since the EC2 inventory script includes details about the keypair used for each server, there's probably a way to get the key name directly from the script itself. In that case, you could supply the directory the keys are located in (as above), and have it choose the correct keys based on the inventory data.
Tiro
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Thank you for this response. It really helped. Also, I'd like to share this: if you don't want to have to create a file in group_vars with an odd name like tag_Name_server1.yml and you happen to know that all your AWS EC2 instances might share the same SSH keys you could do something like this: ansible -i ./inventory/ec2.py --limit "tag_Name_server1" -m ping all and then just create this file: ./inventory/group_vars/all.yml . So even though you're using all the --limit option filters the number of hosts to only those with the right tag/value combination. – racl101 Jul 27 '18 at 19:18
The best solution I could find for this problem is to specify private key file in ansible.cfg (I usually keep it in the same folder as a playbook):
Though, it still sets private key globally for all hosts in playbook.
Note: You have to specify full path to the key file - ~user/.ssh/some_key_rsa silently ignored.
tchu
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Thank you tchu, that works. But it's still have some gap from my expectation, let's see whether it would get optimized in ansible 2.0+ lol – Clark Zheng Dec 21 '15 at 2:04
You can simply define the key to use directly when running the command:
kaiser
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I'm using the following configuration:
mangolier
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I had a similar issue and solved it with a patch to ec2.py and adding some configuration parameters to ec2.ini. The patch takes the value of ec2_key_name, prefixes it with the ssh_key_path, and adds the ssh_key_suffix to the end, and writes out ansible_ssh_private_key_file as this value.
The following variables have to be added to ec2.ini in a new 'ssh' section (this is optional if the defaults match your environment):
Daz
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This is really good, just what I was looking for. Did you submit a PR for this to the ansible repo? – kenske Oct 26 '17 at 17:00
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Ansible playbook can specify the key used for ssh connection using --key-file on the command line.
Is it possible to specify the location of this key in playbook file instead of using --key-file on command line?
Because I want to write the location of this key into a var.yaml file, which will be read by ansible playbook with vars_files:.
The followings are parts of my configuration:
I've tried adding ansible_ssh_private_key_file under vars. But it doesn't work on my machine.
If I run ansible-playbook with the playbook.yml above. I got the following error:
I don't find the name of my key file in the ssh command. It's strange.
Brian
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I think --private-key=~/.ssh/keys/id_rsa will work. – zx1986 Oct 8 '19 at 3:24
@zx1986 --private-key key_file_path worked for me too. – Kaustubh Desai Oct 21 '20 at 8:44
The variable name you're looking for is ansible_ssh_private_key_file.
in a group_vars file if you use the same key for a group of hosts
zigarn
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knittl
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Writing ansible_ssh_private_key_file under vars doesn't work on my machine. It's strange. – Brian Jun 24 '17 at 8:09
I don't want to specify the key in the inventory. Because I can't load vars.yml from the inventory file. – Brian Jun 24 '17 at 8:11
Exact: from the vars it's simply too late I think. You should use host_vars or group_vars files then if you don't want to put this in your inventory. – zigarn Jun 24 '17 at 8:15
It would be kind of interesting to see the best practice of having the private key in a vault, so the private key can be pushed into the git repo without feeling that bad. – ferdy Dec 8 '18 at 5:29
@fabiog You're right, I just tested it withAnsible 2.9 down to 1.8 and all (major) versions works with the private key defined in vars: section. – zigarn Feb 21 '20 at 16:47
You can use the ansible.cfg file, it should look like this (There are other parameters which you might want to include):
E.Serra
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For goofy lab environments with project specific configs and keys, this is by far the best solution. – Cory Ringdahl Mar 18 at 22:05
If you run your playbook with ansible-playbook -vvv you'll see the actual command being run, so you can check whether the key is actually being included in the ssh command (and you might discover that the problem was the wrong username rather than the missing key).
I agree with Brian's comment above (and zigam's edit) that the vars section is too late. I also tested including the key in the on-the-fly definition of the host like this
So this is not an answer. Just some debugging help and things not to try.
andrew lorien
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