Animal Kink
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Animal Kink
Kinky Animal Mating Behaviors and Bizarre Reproductive Facts
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Whatever your human kink, I’ll bet it can’t match up to that of some other members of our Animal Kingdom.
Just in time for Valentine’s Day, let’s take a look at kinky and bizarre mating behaviors across the Animal Kingdom. Perhaps you can pick up a few new ideas to spice up your Night of Love. But beware, some of these behaviors could result in you being…
Old unreformed unf**kwithable professor with a rock & roll soul, still crazy after all these years and still running against the wind.
Michael Burg, MD (AKA Medium Michael Burg)
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
South American mammal (Potos flavus)
^ Jump up to: a b c Helgen, K.; Kays, R.; Schipper, J. (2016). " Potos flavus " . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 : e.T41679A45215631. doi : 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41679A45215631.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021 .
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Ford, L. S.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988). " Potos flavus ". Mammalian Species . 321 (321): 1–9. doi : 10.2307/3504086 . JSTOR 3504086 .
^ "kinkajou" . Merriam-Webster Dictionary . Retrieved 17 May 2020 .
^ Harper, Douglas. "kinkajou" . Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 17 May 2020 .
^ Jump up to: a b c d Husson, A. M. (1978). " Potos flavus flavus (Schreber, 1774)" . The Mammals of Suriname . Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 285–289. ISBN 978-90-04-05819-4 .
^ Schreber, J. C. D. Die Saugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen . Vol. 1. pp. 145, 187 (index), plate 42.
^ Pennant, T. (1771). A Synopsis of Quadrupeds . Chester: J. Monk. p. 138, plate 16.
^ Thomas, O. (1902). "On the geographical races of the kinkajou" . Annals and Magazine of Natural History . 7. 9 (52): 266–270. doi : 10.1080/00222930208678583 .
^ "Memoire sur une nouvelle division des Mammiferes, et sur les principes qui doivent servir de base dans cette sorte de travail" [Memoir on a new division of Mammals, and on the principles which must be used as a basis in this kind of work]. Magasin Encyclopedique (in French): 164–190. 1795.
^ Hernández-Camacho, J. (1977). "Notas para una monografia de Potos flavus (Mammalia: Carnivora) en Colombia" [Notes for a monograph of Potos flavus (Mammalia: Carnivora) in Colombia]. Caldasia (in Spanish). 11 (55): 147–181. JSTOR 43406060 .
^ Jump up to: a b Nascimento, F. F.; Oliveira-Silva, M.; Veron, G.; Salazar-Bravo, J.; Gonçalves, P. R.; Langguth, A.; Silva, C. R.; Bonvicino, C. R. (2016). "The evolutionary history and genetic diversity of kinkajous, Potos flavus (Carnivora, Procyonidae)" . Journal of Mammalian Evolution . 24 (4): 439–451. doi : 10.1007/s10914-016-9354-9 . S2CID 31591561 .
^ Wozencraft, W. C. (2005). "Order Carnivora" . In Wilson, D. E. ; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 626–627. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0 . OCLC 62265494 .
^ Koepfli, K.-P.; Gompper, M.E.; Eizirik, E.; Ho, C.-C.; Linden, L.; Maldonado, J.E.; Wayne, R.K. (2007). "Phylogeny of the Procyonidae (Mammalia: Carvnivora): Molecules, morphology and the Great American Interchange". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 43 (3): 1076–1095. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.495.2618 . doi : 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.10.003 . PMID 17174109 .
^ Eizirik, E.; Murphy, W. J.; Koepfli, K.-P.; Johnson, W. E.; Dragoo, J. W.; Wayne, R. K.; O’Brien, S. J. (2010-02-04). "Pattern and timing of diversification of the mammalian order Carnivora inferred from multiple nuclear gene sequences" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 56 (1): 49–63. doi : 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.01.033 . PMC 7034395 . PMID 20138220 .
^ Helgen, K. M.; Pinto, M.; Kays, R.; Helgen, L.; Tsuchiya, M.; Quinn, A.; Wilson, D.; Maldonado, J. (2013-08-15). "Taxonomic revision of the olingos ( Bassaricyon ), with description of a new species, the Olinguito" . ZooKeys (324): 1–83. doi : 10.3897/zookeys.324.5827 . PMC 3760134 . PMID 24003317 .
^ Helgen, K. M.; Kays, R.; Helgen, L. E.; Tsuchiya-Jerep, M. T. N.; Pinto, C. M.; Koepfli, K. P.; Eizirik, E.; Maldonado, J. E. (2009). "Taxonomic boundaries and geographic distributions revealed by an integrative systematic overview of the mountain coatis, Nasuella (Carnivora: Procyonidae)" (PDF) . Small Carnivore Conservation . 41 : 65–74.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Nowak, R. M. (2005). "Kinkajou". Walker's Carnivores of the World . Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 138–139. ISBN 0-8018-8032-7 .
^ Eisenberg, J. F.; Redford, K. H. (1989). "Genus Potos E. Geoffroy and F. G. Cuvier 1795" . Mammals of the Neotropics . Vol. 3: The Central Neotropics (Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil). pp. 289–290. ISBN 978-0-226-19542-1 .
^ Jump up to: a b c d Kays, R.W. (2000). "The behavior and ecology of olingos ( Bassaricyon gabbii ) and their competition with kinkajous ( Potos flavus ) in central Panama" (PDF) . Mammalia . 64 (1): 1–10. doi : 10.1515/mamm.2000.64.1.1 . S2CID 84467601 .
^ Stone, David (1995). Raccoons and their Relatives . IUCN . p. 7. ISBN 978-2831700519 .
^ Jump up to: a b c Kays, Roland W. (May 1999). "Food preferences of kinkajous ( Potos flavus ): a frugivorous carnivore" . Journal of Mammalogy . 80 (2): 589–599. doi : 10.2307/1383303 . JSTOR 1383303 .
^ Jump up to: a b Kristin Petrie (2010). Kinkajous . ABDO. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-61613-911-7 .
^ Menino, Holly; Klum, Mattias. "The Kinkajou" . National Geographic Society . Retrieved 12 May 2013 .
^ Glatston, A.R. (October 1994). The red panda, olingos, coatis, raccoons, and their relatives (PDF) (Status survey). IUCN . p. 5. ISBN 978-2-8317-0046-5 .
^ Kazacos, K. R.; et al. (2011-03-11). "Raccoon Roundworms in Pet Kinkajous --- Three States, 1999 and 2010" . MMWR . 60 (10): 302–305. PMID 21412211 .
^ "Kinkajou" . Honolulu Zoo . Archived from the original on 2012-04-06 . Retrieved 2013-05-12 .
Extant species of family Procyonidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Suborder: Caniformia
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Eutheria
Superorder: Laurasiatheria
The kinkajou ( /ˈkɪŋkədʒuː/ KING-kə-joo ; Potos flavus ) is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos , coatis , raccoons , and the ringtail and cacomistle . It is the only member of the genus Potos and is also known as the "honey bear" (a name that it shares with the unrelated sun bear ). Kinkajous are arboreal , a lifestyle they evolved independently; they are not closely related to any other tree-dwelling mammal group ( primates , some mustelids , etc.).
Native to Central and South America, this mostly frugivorous mammal is not an endangered species , though it is seldom seen by people because of its strict nocturnal habits. However, it is hunted for the pet trade, its skin (to make wallets and horse saddles ), and meat. The species has been included in Appendix III of CITES by Honduras, which means that exports from Honduras require an export permit and exports from other countries require a certificate of origin or re-export. They may live up to 40 years in captivity .
The common name "kinkajou" derives from French : quincajou , based on the Algonquian name for the wolverine . It is similar to the Ojibwe word kwi·nkwaʔa·ke . [3] [4] Its other names in English include honey bear, night ape, and night walker. Throughout its range, several regional names are used; for instance, the Dutch names nachtaap , rolbeer , and rolstaartbeer are used in Suriname. Many names come from Portuguese , Spanish , and local dialects, such as jupará , huasa , cuchi cuchi , leoncillo , marta , perro de monte , and yapara . [2] [5]
A. M. Husson, of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie ( Leiden ), discussed the rather complicated nomenclature of the kinkajou in The Mammals of Suriname (1978). [5] In his 1774 work Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur , Schreber listed three items under the name " Lemur flavus Penn.": on page 145 is a short translation of Pennant 's description of the yellow maucauco (later identified to be Lemur mongoz , presently known as the mongoose lemur ) from his 1771 work A Synopsis of Quadrupeds (page 138, second figure on plate 16); on plate 42 is a depiction of the yellow maucauco by Schreber; the last item is a reference to A Synopsis of Quadrupeds itself. [6] Husson noted that the last item is actually Pennant's description of an animal that is clearly a kinkajou. Husson therefore concluded that Lemur flavus is actually a "composite species" based on Schreber's specimen of the mongoose lemur and Pennant's specimen of the kinkajou, and identified the latter as the lectotype for the species. [7]
The type locality reported by Schreber for L. flavus ("the mountains in Jamaica") was clearly based on Pennant's description of the kinkajou, who claimed, however, that his specimen was "shown about three years ago in London: its keeper said it came from the mountains of Jamaica". [5] This error was pointed out by Thomas in 1902, who corrected the type locality to Suriname. He used the name Potos flavus for the kinkajou. [8] The genus Potos was erected by Saint-Hilaire and Cuvier in 1795, with the type species Viverra caudivolvula described by Schreber in 1778 (later identified as a synonym of Potos flavus ). [2] [9] In 1977 the family Cercoleptidae was proposed with the kinkajou as the sole member, but this classification was later dismissed. [2] [10]
Northern Brazil and the Guianas (clade 2)
Interfluves ; Bolivia, western Brazil and Peru; eastern Atlantic forest (clade 5)
Eight subspecies have been proposed (type localities are listed alongside): [2] [12]
A 2016 phylogenetic study based on mitochondrial gene cytochrome b analyzed kinkajou specimens from a variety of locations throughout most of their range. The results showed 27 haplotypes split into five clades corresponding to geographical divisions: Costa Rica (clade 1), northern Brazil and the Guianas (clade 2), northern Peru (clade 3), Ecuador and Panama (clade 4), interfluves between the Branco River and Rio Negro in the Brazilian Amazon , low-lying Amazonian areas (in Bolivia, western Brazil and Peru), and eastern Atlantic Forest (clade 5). Given the diverse clades, the researchers suggested that some of the subspecies might be independent species. [11]
A 2007 phylogenetic study showed that kinkajous form a basal lineage sister to the rest of the Procyonidae . They diverged 21.6–24 Mya. Two clades, one leading to Bassaricyon ( olingos and the olinguito ) plus Nasua (coatis), and one leading to Bassariscus (the ring-tailed cat and the cacomistle ) plus Procyon (racoons), appeared subsequently and radiated during the Miocene ( 23.8 to 5.3 million years ago ). Kinkajous are thought to have evolved in Central America and invaded South America as part of the Great American Interchange that followed the formation of the Isthmus of Panama . [13] The phylogenetic relationships obtained in the 2007 study are given below; these were supported by similar studies in the following years. [14] [15] [16]
The kinkajou has a round head, large eyes, a short, pointed snout , short limbs, and a long prehensile tail . The total head-and-body length (including the tail) is between 82 and 133 cm (32 and 52 in), and the tail measures 39 to 57 cm (15 to 22 in). [2] Its mature weight ranges from 1.4 to 4.6 kg (3.1 to 10.1 lb). Females are generally smaller than males. [17] The short, rounded ears measure 3.6 to 5.4 cm (1.4 to 2.1 in). The eyes reflect green or bright yellow against light. The long, thick tongue is highly extrudable. The snout is dark brown to black. The claws are sharp and short. [2] [17]
The coat color varies throughout the range and at different times of the year. Several shades such as tawny olive, wood brown, and yellowish tawny have been reported for the upper part of the coat and the upper side of the tail, while the underparts and the lower side of the tail have been observed to be buff, tawny, or brownish yellow. Some individuals have a black stripe running along the midline of the back. [2] [17] The color seems to become lighter from the south to the north, though no seasonal trends have been observed. [2] The fur is short, woolly and dense. [18] Hairs are of two types - light yellowish and darker with brown tips. The darker hairs reflect light poorly relative to the lighter ones, often creating an illusion of spots and dark lines on the coat. The tail is covered with thick fur up to the end. [5]
The kinkajou is distinguished from other procyonids by its small, rounded ears, extensible tongue, and prehensile tail. Olingos are similar enough in appearance that many native cultures do not distinguish the two. [19] Compared to olingos, kinkajous are larger, have foreshortened muzzles , and lack anal scent glands (in addition to the previously described differences). The binturong , a Southeast Asian viverrid , has similar limb proportions and is the only other carnivoran with a prehensile tail. The kinkajou resembles neotropical monkeys in having a prehensile tail and big, forward-facing eyes, but has a different dentition and heavy fur on the soles of the feet. [2] [17]
Kinkajous range from east and south of the Sierra Madre in Mexico, throughout Central America to Bolivia east of the Andes and the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil . Their altitudinal range is from sea level to 2500 m. They are found in closed- canopy tropical forests , including lowland rainforest , montane forest , dry forest , gallery forest , and secondary forest . Deforestation is thus a potential threat to the species. [1]
Although the kinkajou is classified in the order Carnivora and has sharp teeth, its omnivorous diet cons
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