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Алпразолам — Википедия

Alprazolam

Алпразолам — Википедия

Алпразолам (Ксанакс)

Алпразолам — Википедия

Ксанакс, популярен не в России, а на западе, там это самый популярный выписываемый бензодиазипиновый анксиолитик. Ещё там в популярности аддерал. А наши реперы просто любят копировать все западное. Насколько я знаю Ксанакс в России без рецепта очень сложно достать, да и не нужно, ибо есть абсолютно аналогичный по действию 'феназепам' который находится у любой бабушки и нахаляву. Вообще эти штуки относятся к транквилизаторам и не очень кайфовы. Так же вызывают зависимость и провалы в памяти вместе с бухлом. Скрим из Суисайдбойс не раз говорил, что сам ксанакс не такой уже и кайфовый, но он очень помогает не сидеть на чем-то потяжелее, и потому многим его приходится жрать, чтобы не юзать опиаты и т. Слушай шленвер, ты людей в блуд вводишь, если человек чего то не знает но говорит свое мнение какбудто это факт хотя ты, Вася, мог бы написать что это твоё мнение такие люди дебилы, те ты дебил Вася. Алпразолам создали для того, что убрать очень негативные и их много последствий от феназепам. Алпразолам эффект ярче, приятнее, чище если кто поймёт. А с феников на утро пиздец Но оба помогают,оба зависимость развивают. Алпразолам - транквилизатор бензодиазепинового ряда, обладающий самым сильным из представленных на рынке противотревожным действием, при этом практически не вызывая сонливости. Другие подобные лекарства либо вызывают седацию, либо не так сильно снижают тревогу. Соответственно, в зависимости от дозировки, может быть интересен для наркокультуры в двух проявлениях: как самостоятельный препарат для получения удовольствия и как препарат, снижающий негативные проявления синдрома отмены другого препарата. Говорить о популярности именно в реп-культуре ошибочно, поскольку не в лечебных целях принимается препарат повсеместно. Разве что процент употребления ПАВ на душу населения среди звёзд шоу-бизнеса выше, чем в среднем по популяции.. Скажу о субъективном восприятии: в отличие, например, от Клоназепама, Ксанакс обладает действительно выраженным расслабляющим эффектом, который в случае с Клоназепамом выглядит скорее как сдавленное угнетение. Кроме того, от клоназепама тревожные мысли никуда не уходят, если имели место быть до приёма таблетки, а просто вроде как заколачиваются молотком внутрь тебя, от чего вот это физическое расслабление не выглядит настоящим, аутентичным что ли. Ты интуитивно ощущаешь какой-то подвох. В случае с Ксанаксом физическое расслабление происходит равномерно с психологическим, и тишь-гладь-котятки. А еще тут Феназепам упомянули — так вот в сравнении с Ксанаксом он просто рядом не валялся, просто шило сюда же Диазепам, Нитрозепам етц. А по поводу популярности — хз. Времена сменились, сменился и объект воспевания. Прогресс, ёпта. Как мёд. Можно сказать врачи его рекомендуют не гласно ,чувства и мысли приходят в норму фенозипам для бабушек имеет другой эффект ,он выписываешься в качестве снотворного! Ксанакс алпразолам у нас не производится, соответственно, продается за бешеные деньги. И он их не стоит. Успокаивает, расслабляет, может загнать в сон. Обладает наркогенным потенциалом, но это все-таки не героин и даже не кодеин. Один из лучших транквилизаторов, у нас есть аналоги - клоназепам и феназепам. Феназепам вроде еще не прикрыли. Я сам без рецепта доставал по мед. Дело не в самом Ксанаксе, просто все хотят хайпануть; благодаря Паше Технику Ксанакс стал мемом, ему посвящают песни, делают сотни картиночек и тд. Каждый считает что если он пару раз упомянет Ксанакс, то его трэки начнут слушать, ставить лайк и подписываться ну я тоже пару раз скажу Ксанакс, что бы вы лайкали, я ведь упомянул Ксанакс. Моя лента Новые Топ. Поиск Задать вопрос Войти. Авторизуйтесь на TheQuestion. Сергей Мартьянов апрель Ответить 4. Ссылки для кампаний 6 ответов. Андрей Шленвер Шухрат Кулдашев. Zyklon B. Никита Морозов. Наполеон Бонапарт. Ещё 10 комментариев Алексей Петров. Константин Коваленко. Vitali Bahdanovich. Ещё 1 комментарий Тик Так. Тик Так. Maxim Maksim. Федя Федечка Динамика Неизбежна. Динамика Неизбежна Анонимный пользователь. Мы не знаем, кто создал эту запись. Автор предпочел остаться анонимным. Zyklon B Zyklon B отвечает на ваши вопросы в своей Прямой линии. Читать ещё 1 ответ. Леша Еокин Почти студент Почти модник Местный комик-алкоголик, который любит рифмовать. Читайте также на Яндекс. Правила Помощь Реклама.

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Alprazolam , sold under the trade name Xanax , among others, is a short-acting benzodiazepine. Common side effects include sleepiness, depression, headaches, feeling tired, dry mouth , and memory problems. Alprazolam was patented in and approved for medical use in the United States in Alprazolam is mostly used in short term management of anxiety disorders , panic disorders , and nausea due to chemotherapy. Alprazolam is effective in the relief of moderate to severe anxiety and panic attacks. Alprazolam is no longer recommended in Australia for the treatment of panic disorder due to concerns regarding tolerance, dependence, and abuse. However, people with panic disorder have been treated on an open basis for up to 8 months without apparent loss of benefit. In the United States, alprazolam is FDA-approved for the treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Anxiety associated with depression is responsive to alprazolam. Clinical studies have shown that the effectiveness is limited to 4 months for anxiety disorders. In the UK, alprazolam is recommended for the short-term treatment 2—4 weeks of severe acute anxiety. Alprazolam may be used in combination with other medications for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Benzodiazepines require special precaution if used in children and in alcohol- or drug-dependent individuals. Particular care should be taken in pregnant or elderly people, people with substance abuse history particularly alcohol dependence , and people with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Elderly individuals should be cautious in the use of alprazolam due to the possibility of increased susceptibility to side-effects, especially loss of coordination and drowsiness. Sedative drugs, including alprazolam, have been associated with an increased risk of death. Possible side effects include:. Although unusual, the following paradoxical reactions have been shown to occur:. Alprazolam is primarily metabolized via CYP3A4. Alcohol is one of the most common interactions; alcohol and alprazolam taken in combination have a synergistic effect on one another, which can cause severe sedation, behavioral changes, and intoxication. The more alcohol and alprazolam taken, the worse the interaction. Benzodiazepines cross the placenta , enter the fetus , and are also excreted in breast milk. Chronic administration of diazepam , another benzodiazepine, to nursing mothers has been reported to cause their infants to become lethargic and to lose weight. The use of alprazolam during pregnancy is associated with congenital abnormalities , \\\\\\[17\\\\\\] \\\\\\[55\\\\\\] and use in the last trimester may cause fetal drug dependence and withdrawal symptoms in the post-natal period as well as neonatal flaccidity and respiratory problems. Spontaneous abortions may also result from abrupt withdrawal of psychotropic medications, including benzodiazepines. The maximum recommended daily dose is 10 milligrams per day. Overdoses of alprazolam can be mild to severe depending on the quantity ingested and if other drugs are taken in combination. Alprazolam overdoses cause excess central nervous system CNS depression and may include one or more of the following symptoms: \\\\\\[36\\\\\\]. The potential for misuse among those taking it for medical reasons is controversial, with some expert reviews stating that the risk is low and similar to that of other benzodiazepine drugs. Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, binds to specific sites on the GABA A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor. Long-term use causes adaptive changes in the benzodiazepine receptors, making them less sensitive to stimulation and thus making the drugs less potent. Withdrawal and rebound symptoms commonly occur and necessitate a gradual reduction in dosage to minimize withdrawal effects when discontinuing. Not all withdrawal effects are evidence of true dependence or withdrawal. Recurrence of symptoms such as anxiety may simply indicate that the drug was having its expected anti-anxiety effect and that, in the absence of the drug, the symptom has returned to pretreatment levels. If the symptoms are more severe or frequent, the person may be experiencing a rebound effect due to the removal of the drug. Either of these can occur without the person actually being drug-dependent. Alprazolam and other benzodiazepines may also cause the development of physical dependence , tolerance , and benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms during rapid dose reduction or cessation of therapy after long-term treatment. In , Romach and colleagues reported that dose escalation is not a characteristic of long-term alprazolam users and that the majority of long-term alprazolam users change their initial pattern of regular use to one of symptom control only when required. Some common symptoms of alprazolam discontinuation include malaise , weakness, insomnia , tachycardia , lightheadedness, and dizziness. This medication may cause withdrawal symptoms upon abrupt withdrawal or rapid tapering, which in some cases have been known to cause seizures, as well as marked delirium similar to that produced by the anticholinergic tropane alkaloids of Datura scopolamine and atropine. To some degree, these older benzodiazepines are self-tapering. The benzodiazepines diazepam and oxazepam have been found to produce fewer withdrawal reactions than alprazolam, temazepam , or lorazepam. This results in effects including reduced anxiety, muscle relaxant, antidepressant and anticonvulsant activity. Alprazolam is classed as a high-potency triazolobenzodiazepine : \\\\\\[79\\\\\\] \\\\\\[80\\\\\\] a benzodiazepine with a triazole ring attached to its structure. As a benzodiazepine, alprazolam produces a variety of therapeutic and adverse effects by binding to the GABA A benzodiazepine receptor site and modulating its function; GABA receptor s are the most prolific inhibitory receptor within the brain. The GABA chemical and receptor system mediates inhibitory or calming effects of alprazolam on the nervous system. Therefore, alprazolam has a depressant effect on synaptic transmission to reduce anxiety. The GABA A receptor is made up of 5 subunits out of a possible 19, and GABA A receptors made up of different combinations of subunits have different properties, different locations within the brain, and, importantly, different activities with regard to benzodiazepines. Alprazolam and other triazolobenzodiazepines such as triazolam that have a triazole ring fused to their diazepine ring appear to have antidepressant properties. Alprazolam causes a marked suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The therapeutic properties of alprazolam are similar to other benzodiazepines and include anxiolytic , anticonvulsant , muscle relaxant , hypnotic \\\\\\[84\\\\\\] and amnesic ; however, it is used mainly as an anxiolytic. Giving alprazolam, as compared to lorazepam , has been demonstrated to elicit a statistically significant increase in extracellular dopamine D1 and D2 concentrations in the striatum. The concentration of alprazolam peaks after one to two hours. The metabolites, as well as some unmetabolized alprazolam, are filtered out by the kidneys and are excreted in the urine. Alprazolam is a triazole and benzodiazepine derivative substituted with a phenyl group at position 6, with a chlorine atom at position 8 and with a methyl group at position 1. For the synthesis of alprazolam the same method can be used as for triazolam, excepting that it starts from 2-aminochlorobenzophenone. Boiling the mixture with triethyl orthoacetate results in cyclization with the formation of the triazole ring. By substituting the bromine atom with an amino group conferred by ammonia an intermolecular heterocyclization takes place to obtain alprazolam. Quantification of alprazolam in blood and plasma samples may be necessary to confirm a diagnosis of intoxication in hospitalized patients, or to provide evidence in the case of crimes e. Most of the commercial immunoassays used for the benzodiazepine class of drugs cross-react with alprazolam, but confirmation and quantitative determination are usually done by chromatographic techniques. Alprazolam regular release and orally disintegrating tablets are available as 0. Inactive ingredients in alprazolam tablets and solutions include microcrystalline cellulose , corn starch , docusate sodium , povidone , sodium starch glycollate, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate , colloidal silicon dioxide , and sodium benzoate. In addition, the 0. Alprazolam is covered under U. Patent 3,, , which was filed on 29 October , granted on 19 October , and expired in September The physical dependence and withdrawal syndrome of alprazolam also add to its addictive nature. In the small subgroup of individuals who escalate their doses there is usually a history of alcohol or other substance use disorders. Alprazolam is one of the most commonly prescribed and misused benzodiazepines in the United States. Men and women are equally likely to use benzodiazepines recreationally. The report found that alprazolam is the most common benzodiazepine for recreational use, followed by clonazepam , lorazepam , and diazepam. Alprazolam, along with other benzodiazepines, is often used with other recreational drugs. These uses include aids to relieve the panic or distress of dysphoric ' bad trip ' reactions to psychedelic drugs , such as LSD , and the drug-induced agitation and insomnia in the ' comedown ' stages of stimulant use, such as amphetamine , cocaine , and MDMA allowing sleep. Alprazolam may also be used with other depressant drugs , such as ethanol , heroin , and other opioids , in an attempt to enhance their psychological effects. Alprazolam may be used in conjunction with cannabis , with users citing a synergistic effect achieved after consuming the combination. The poly-drug use of powerful depressant drugs poses the highest level of health concerns due to a significant increase in the likelihood of experiencing an overdose , which may cause fatal respiratory depression. A study found that diazepam has a higher misuse potential relative to many other benzodiazepines and that some data suggest that alprazolam and lorazepam resemble diazepam in this respect. Anecdotally, injection of alprazolam has been reported, causing dangerous damage to blood vessels, closure of blood vessels embolization and decay of muscle tissue rhabdomyolysis. Slang terms for alprazolam vary from place to place. Some of the more common terms are modified versions of the trade name 'Xanax', such as Xannies or Xanies and the phonetic equivalent of Zannies; \\\\\\[\\\\\\] \\\\\\[\\\\\\] references to their drug classes, such as benzos or downers; or remark upon their shape or color most commonly a straight, perforated tablet or an oval-shaped pill : bars, ladders, Xanbars, Xans, Z-bars, handle bars, beans, footballs, planks, poles, blues, or blue footballs. Alprazolam is available in English-speaking countries under the following brand names: \\\\\\[\\\\\\]. In December , in anticipation of the rescheduling of alprazolam to Schedule 8 in Australia, Pfizer Australia announced they would be discontinuing the Xanax brand in Australia as it was no longer commercially viable. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Xanax disambiguation. For the song by Billie Eilish, see Xanny song. A medication of the benzodiazepine type. US : D Evidence of risk. IUPAC name. Interactive image. Main article: Benzodiazepine overdose. See also: Benzodiazepine dependence and Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome. See also: Benzodiazepine use disorder. Journal of Addiction Medicine. Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Retrieved 25 October Drugs Across the Spectrum. Cengage Learning. July CNS Drug Reviews. Comprehensive Review of Psychiatry. Principles and Practice of Psychopharmacotherapy 5th ed. Robin Analogue-based Drug Discovery. Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management. Retrieved 16 June Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 26 October Retrieved 11 April Federal Drug Administration. Retrieved 14 September Anxiety or tension associated with the stress of everyday life usually does not require treatment with an anxiolytic Demonstrations of the effectiveness of XANAX by systematic clinical study are limited to 4 months duration for anxiety disorder and 4 to 10 weeks duration for panic disorder; however, patients with panic disorder have been treated on an open basis without any apparent loss of benefit. The physician should periodically reassess the usefulness of the drug for the individual patient. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The American Journal of Psychiatry. Archived from the original on 9 August Retrieved 2 August British National Formulary. Archived from the original on 20 July Retrieved 3 August November Annales Pharmaceutiques Francaises. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. Archived from the original on 18 December Retrieved 7 December Drug Safety. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. March European Neuropsychopharmacology. Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. Archived from the original on 19 August May Patient acceptance, side effects, and safety'. Archives of General Psychiatry. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 22 May Autonomic Neuroscience. Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Therapeutic implications'. Psychopharmacology Bulletin. Archived from the original PDF on 9 July International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 13 September British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Psychiatric Services. Clinical Toxicology. Retrieved 13 December Archived from the original on 12 March Retrieved 1 October Given the millions of prescriptions written for benzodiazepines about million in , relatively few individuals increase their dose on their own initiative or engage in drug-seeking behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 31 October Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. Manual of Clinical Psychopharmacology. Retrieved 22 January Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Psychological Medicine. Monograph Supplement. The Drug Classroom. Clinical Therapeutics. The Journal of Neuroscience. January Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. European Journal of Pharmacology. Synthesis of Essential Drugs 1 ed. Elsevier Science. Heckelman, Susan Budavari Google Patents. Retrieved 21 February Hester, Jr. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man 9th ed. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. New York Times. American Psychiatric Publishing. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved 13 February The Psychiatric Clinics of North America. Archived from the original PDF on 7 August Retrieved 10 December Radiology Case Reports. Canada: DrugBank. Archived from the original on 29 January Retrieved 12 July US Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the original on 21 May Outer Strength, Inner Strength. Xulon Press. Some people sell Xanax on the street for ten or fifteen dollars a pill. They call them Xannies. NewMark Books. Archived from the original on 22 February Retrieved 14 February FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines; requires its strongest warning'. Retrieved 15 October Do not take opioid pain medicines with benzodiazepines or other medicines that depress the CNS without discussing it with your health Do not take opioid pain medicines with benzodiazepines or other medicines that depress the CNS without discussing it with your health care professional. Do not take opioid cough medicines with benzodiazepines or other medicines that depress the CNS professional. Retrieved 17 March Archived from the original on 8 December Pfizer Australia. Archived from the original PDF on 4 February Archived from the original on 4 November The UK Statute Law database. Irish Statute Book. Office of the Attorney General. October The LawPhil Project. Retrieved 17 August GMA News. International Narcotics Control Board. August Archived from the original PDF on 17 December Anxiolytics N05B. Gabapentin Gabapentin enacarbil Phenibut Pregabalin. SSRIs e. Alpha-1 blockers e. Cloxazolam Flutazolam Haloxazolam Mexazolam Oxazolam. Bentazepam Clotiazepam. Olanzapine Telenzepine. Avizafone Rilmazafone. GABA A receptor positive modulators. Etomidate Metomidate Propoxate. Fospropofol Propofol Thymol. Glutethimide Methyprylon Piperidione Pyrithyldione. Hidden categories: CS1: long volume value CS1 French-language sources fr CS1 Japanese-language sources ja CS1 errors: missing periodical Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from January CS1 maint: uses authors parameter All articles lacking reliable references Articles lacking reliable references from January CS1 Swedish-language sources sv Articles with short description Use dmy dates from April Template:drugs. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. In other projects Wikimedia Commons. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. High \\\\\\[1\\\\\\]. Liver , via cytochrome P 3A4. Immediate release: 11—13 hours \\\\\\[3\\\\\\] Extended release: 11—16 hours \\\\\\[3\\\\\\]. Regarding the significant increases detected, it is worthwhile to consider that the number of pharmaceuticals dispensed for legitimate therapeutic uses may be increasing over time, and DAWN estimates are not adjusted to take such increases into account. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alprazolam.

Алпразолам — Википедия

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