Addison Stacked Sensation

Addison Stacked Sensation
Adrenal insufficiency and Addison’s disease , National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, USA. Addison’s disease , 2018, Mayo Clinic, USA. Addison’s disease , 2019, Cleveland Clinic, USA.
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Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) is a rare and progressive (worsening) disorder that affects one in every 10,000 people. It affects people of all ages.
The human body has two adrenal glands, one on top of each kidney. These glands form part of the endocrine system , which works with the nervous system and the immune system to help your body cope with different events and stresses. Addison's disease is caused by the inability of the adrenal glands to make enough regulating hormones.
Adrenaline is the best known of the hormones that are made by the adrenal glands in the adrenal medulla (the central part of the gland). The adrenal cortex (the outer part) also makes important hormones, the corticosteroids. They include cortisol, aldosterone and supplementary sex hormones.If you have Addison's disease, it is mainly your adrenal cortex that is affected. You cannot produce enough cortisol and, usually, also cannot produce enough aldosterone.
The symptoms of Addison's disease can include any or all of the following:
These symptoms can develop quickly (especially in children and teenagers), or progress slowly over years. Many symptoms can mimic other diseases, so diagnosis can be delayed.
Cortisol is produced by the outer layer of your adrenal gland, called the adrenal cortex. The amount of cortisol released by your adrenal glands is closely monitored by the master gland of your endocrine system, the pituitary, which is located below the brain in the base of your skull. The workings of the pituitary are governed by a brain structure called the hypothalamus. When cortisol levels are too low, the pituitary secretes the stimulating hormone adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). On the other hand, high levels of cortisol cause the pituitary gland to decrease ACTH secretion, which slows cortisol production. Cortisol plays many vital roles and is essential to many body functions because it:
Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid, produced by the adrenal cortex. The amount of aldosterone in your body is monitored by your kidneys, which secrete hormones to increase or decrease aldosterone production. Aldosterone regulates electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium) in the blood. This helps to maintain blood pressure and heart function. If your kidneys excrete too much sodium, you will also lose a considerable amount of body fluid. This reduces your blood volume and makes your blood pressure drop. Too much or too little potassium can affect the way your heart functions.
Around seven out of 10 cases of Addison's disease are caused by an autoimmune response, where the body's own immune cells attack and destroy the adrenal glands. This is known as ‘ primary adrenal insufficiency ’ (or primary Addison’s disease). Other causes of Addison’s disease include:
In some cases, other glands of the endocrine system are affected by an autoimmune response, in a condition called polyendocrine deficiency syndrome . There are two types of polyendocrine deficiency syndrome – Type I and Type II. Both types tend to run in families. Type I is more common in children. Symptoms include underactive parathyroid, pernicious anaemia, recurring candida infections, chronic active hepatitis and slow sexual development. Type II , also known as Schmidt's syndrome, is more common in younger adults. Symptoms include underactive thyroid, type 1 diabetes and, less commonly, vitiligo (a skin condition). Other conditions related to primary adrenal deficiency are:
Treatment for primary adrenal deficiency is with glucocorticoid (cortisol) and mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) replacement, for life.
Secondary adrenal insufficiency is different from primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease). It is caused when the pituitary gland is unable to produce enough ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), which means the adrenal glands aren't prompted to secrete cortisol. Hypothalamic disease may also lead to adrenal insufficiency. This is known as tertiary adrenal insufficiency, although often pituitary and hypothalamic causes are sometimes referred to together as secondary adrenal insufficiency. Causes of secondary adrenal insufficiency may include:
Treatment for secondary Addison's disease is with glucocorticoid (cortisol) replacement only.
A sudden, acute worsening of symptoms of Addison’s disease is known as an Addisonian crisis. The risk of Addisonian crisis in people with Addison’s disease or most cases of secondary adrenal insufficiency is six to eight per cent per year. If untreated, an Addisonian crisis can be fatal. It may be caused by:
The symptoms of Addisonian crisis include:
Not all symptoms occur on all occasions, but nausea, fatigue and dizziness are common early symptoms. If you experience symptoms of Addisonian crisis, call 000 for an ambulance or go immediately to the emergency department of your nearest hospital. You will need emergency treatment, including intravenous fluids, increased steroid medication and saline. Blood tests may show low sodium, high potassium or low glucose. If you have Addison’s disease it may be helpful to wear a medical alert bracelet or pendant with identification and information about your condition, and to carry a hydrocortisone injectable for use in emergencies. Note: even if you use a hydrocortisone injection for Addisonian crisis, you will still need hospitalisation and ongoing monitoring.
Treatment aims to correct the levels of hormones that your body is not producing. Whether you have primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency, you will need hormone replacement for life. Cortisol is replaced orally with hydrocortisone tablets, taken once or twice a day. If you are also deficient in aldosterone, it is replaced with oral doses of a mineralocorticoid called fludrocortisone acetate, taken once a day. Treatment needs to be tailored to each person as adrenal hormone replacement requirements vary between individuals.
Your doctor will advise you on how to reduce the risk of Addisonian crisis, including how to adjust your medication if your body is stressed (for example due to an operation or illness) and how to use injectable hydrocortisone if you are vomiting and unable to keep down oral medications.
They will also advise you on how to let emergency medical personnel know what kind of care you need. This may include:

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There is generally no cure for an autoimmune disorder, but the symptoms can be managed.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis, commonly known as chronic fatigue syndrome, can affect people of any age, including children.

Some people have Cushing's syndrome symptoms when they take glucocorticoid hormones to treat inflammatory conditions such as asthma, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.

Type 1 diabetes can affect anyone of any age, but is more common in people under 30 years.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved
by:

There is generally no cure for an autoimmune disorder, but the symptoms can be managed.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis, commonly known as chronic fatigue syndrome, can affect people of any age, including children.

Some people have Cushing's syndrome symptoms when they take glucocorticoid hormones to treat inflammatory conditions such as asthma, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis.

Type 1 diabetes can affect anyone of any age, but is more common in people under 30 years.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved
by:

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Addison Rae goes in for a kiss on a boat in brief TikTok
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Published: 04:37 BST, 7 October 2021 | Updated: 08:02 BST, 7 October 2021
The TikTok sensation rang in her milestone birthday with boyfriend Omer Fedi, also 21, by her side.
The Item Beauty founder soaked up the spotlight as she celebrated her special day with a cheeky bikini snap posted to her Instagram account on Wednesday.
Happy birthday! Addison Rae turned 21 and celebrated with two new social media posts on both TikTok and Instagram
The internet sensation is seen lying on her stomach with a big, toothy grin as she soaks up the sun in a floral print bikini.
Addison's blonde-highlighted hair falls over her shoulders in two low-hanging braids, as loose strands blow in the wind.
The entrepreneur wears a stack of gold bangles, a ring with a purple gemstone, and chain link hoop earrings.
What a view: In a second picture a rainbow runs through the sky and there are more mountains to behold, as well as light-colored buildings in the distance
'What's my age again?' Rae asked her 40.1 million followers, quoting the 1999 hit Blink182 song.
The pop star added a slew of emojis including grapes, a strawberry, and a Libra zodiac sign.
As the comments poured in the cosmetics maven added a comment thanking her friends and fans. 'Thank you everyone for the birthday wishes. I love y’all,' she said, adding a red heart emoji.
The scenic snapshot boasts mountains and green shrubs in the background.
Also visible is the shoreline and a blue sky with some fluffy white clouds.
In a second picture a rainbow runs through the sky and there are more mountains to behold, as well as light-colored buildings in the distance.
Media star: In a brief TikTok video, the dancer shares a skit featuring a trendy sound that mashes a line from the Netflix show Outer Banks with the hugely popular song Just for me by PinkPantheress
In a brief TikTok video, the dancer shares a skit featuring a trendy sound that mashes a line from the Netflix show Outer Banks with the hugely popular song Just for me by PinkPantheress.
'Stop treating me like some girl that's obsessed with you,' the internet sensation mouths into the camera before cutting to making out with her boyfriend as the pop song plays.
It was recorded on a boat, as the two are seen surrounded by the ocean in the five-second clip.
It's been liked by 930,000 of the social media personality's 84.7 million followers on the app.
Popular: It's been like by 930,000 of the social media personality's 84.7 million followers on the app
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