3 Reasons Your Wheelchair Ramp Is Broken (And How To Fix It)
Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs is an important device to aid the person you love independently at home. However, if they aren't designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require landings to must be level with any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp's design has to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs can easily navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope cannot exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any angle or change in the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber that is more durable than untreated and can weather precipitation better.
The ramp's top and bottom must be free of obstructions, such as trees, bushes, or other structures that could hinder the safety of the user. In addition the ramp's surface must be hard and non-slip. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip surface running along the entire length of the ramp.
For the ramp frame, use treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the level of the ground. The posts should be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection minimizes the possibility of a ramp operator falling off the side.
Then, build the frame of the ramp with beams of 2 by 4 inches in size and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and are secured using hangers for joists which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and prevent them from sliding out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking using framing nails.
Add an upper landing near the doorway, allowing people with disabilities to navigate the doorswing easily. This landing should be large enough to allow at least 12-24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side of out-swing doors. For in-swing doors the landing should be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and the person in a wheelchair who needs to walk backwards through the doorway.
Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having their brakes on corners. A level landing makes it easier to remove a ramp of the way if required, so that equipment like lawnmowers can move under it.
Materials
Aluminium, wood, or concrete can be used to build a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installer can help you choose the best option for your home or office. It is essential to take into consideration your specific needs and budget when choosing the materials for the ramp. The ramp should be simple to maintain, and it must be safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.
Be sure to inquire with your local government for permits before you begin building or buying any materials. Also, make sure to follow all local building codes. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most up-to-date information on construction requirements at the building department of your local government office or library, or on the internet.
Wood ramps are often the least expensive alternative for ADA ramp materials. However, they require more maintenance. The wood ramp's surface must be regularly treated with a sealer to prevent warping and rot. Wood can splinter and be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood ramps may also require additional support to ensure the structure remains upright and stable.
Concrete ramps can be costly however they are durable and long lasting. They are also heavy, which means more labor to install and can make moving the ramp once it's no longer required difficult. Concrete ramps can handle the weight of powerful wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel however they possess the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than iron and steel, making them an excellent option for people on budgets. Aluminum is also environmentally friendly, since it is naturally present in the earth's crust and can be recycled.
The upper ramp's landing needs to be at a level, or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to cross it without getting stuck. Ramps with a gap larger than this will not meet ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground. The final section of the ramp should have a beveled edge to stop wheelchairs from abruptly stopping when they leave or enter the home.
Installation
A ramp for wheelchairs is a ramp that has a plane ramp that can be used as an alternative or in addition to steps. It lets wheelchair users and those who use strollers or carts to get around areas that would otherwise be difficult to reach like an entranceway or a set of sloping steps.
When selecting a wheelchair access ramp, there are many factors to consider, including the location, height, and price. Ideally, a ramp should be situated near the door as possible to help prevent unnecessary travel. It should be set at an angle that is easily accessed by the person who is using it. It should also be anchored to the ground and clear of obstructions like trees or parked cars.
ADA regulations require that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails should be at minimum 36" apart and have smooth or rounded gripping surface. In addition, they must be connected to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the ramp's edge. Handrails should be continuous if the ramp is constructed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.
The length of the ramp is determined by the slope. However there are a few common ramp types that can be used in all situations. For example the threshold ramp is right on the edge of a curb or at the threshold of a doorway, while portable ramps can be moved from one location to another and come in many different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can be assembled on-site. These ramps are typically used in commercial or public areas and are usually longer.
Check with portable ramp for wheelchair to determine the need for a permit for an enduring ramp. It's also a good idea to consult with a mobility expert to determine what kind of ramp is best suited to your needs and the space you have. In some cases installing permanent ramps could improve the value of your house.
Maintenance
It's crucial to ensure your wheelchair ramp is well maintained, especially if are going to use it frequently. It is essential to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements, and is safe for all users.
Regularly cleaning wooden ramps is necessary to get rid of dirt and other debris that can block access. Keep the ramp spotless to stop moisture from accumulating beneath the surface. This could cause the onset of rot. Stains and wood preservatives only work only if the ramp is clean before application.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps as they are more likely wear and tear. It is essential to have the proper tools. A set of gauge spanners and screwdrivers are essential for making sure all fixings are tight and secure. It is also important to regularly inspect the handrails to see if there are signs of corrosion or damage. With time and repeated use, it's possible that some fittings or bolts that hold the handrails to become loose. This can be a safety concern for anyone who is using the ramp.
Another important factor is ensuring the ramp's surface has sufficient grip, particularly during winter when conditions may be difficult. You'll need to sweep up any dirt, leaves or other debris that could block the ramp and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply a non-corrosive ice melt to the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slipping and causing injury.
If you're planning on using your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to be more efficient on slippery and snowy surfaces. They can help you remain on your ramp longer than standard wheelchair tires. You can also use heating tape or pads to melt snow and ice on the ramp before it builds up.