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How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is only a condition of children, however it can affect adults too. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can live a better life.
An evaluation for ADHD might include interviewing the person and family members. The specialist may look over old school records to determine if symptoms began as when a child.
Signs and symptoms
ADHD is a condition that impacts school, work and family life. Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organized from time to time. A person must show major symptoms in two of these areas and have a significant impact on everyday functioning to be deemed to have ADHD. The symptoms must also be present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire with the patient about his or her symptoms, as well as about any medical concerns and family history. They may also use rating scales to assess a adult's or child's symptoms. These types of questionnaires are typically based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive.
Adults might be asked to talk with their spouse or someone they know well. This isn't to question the honesty of the patient, but to gain a better understanding of the person's behavior that cannot be obtained from a questionnaire. They might inquire about childhood behaviors and use the old school records to determine whether symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before making a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct physical examinations and tests in the lab to rule out any other health issues, like head injuries or thyroid issues which can trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the person's list of medications. Certain medications for depression high blood pressure, depression and other ailments can be a trigger for stimulants, so the doctor will consider these when suggesting treatment options. This is the reason it's crucial for adults to consult their primary care providers when they suspect they have ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must manifest in two or more settings (like home, school and at work) and have a significant impact on functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and cannot be caused by another disorder like anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional will employ various tools to evaluate the patient, such as ADHD symptom lists, standardized behaviour rating scales as well as a thorough medical history. They may also interview friends and family members to find out how the patient's symptoms have affected them. They will ask whether the symptoms are similar to other mental health conditions or physical ailments.
The evaluators will consider whether symptoms are mild moderate, severe or even mild. They will also review the patient's medical and familial history to determine if there are any underlying causes of their problem for example, thyroid problems or head injuries.
In adhd diagnostic , an evaluator may want to conduct a cognitive test or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out other reasons for their symptoms, such as mood disorders, learning disabilities personality disorders, and addiction to drugs. People who suffer from these issues often present very differently from those who do not have them. Boys are more likely to exhibit hyperactive symptoms, whereas girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD are interested in taking part in a clinical study to test new treatments. While this is an excellent method to aid in further research, it is important for participants to understand that the purpose behind these studies is to increase information from the scientific community and does not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more details about clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect you may have ADHD seek out a specialist who is certified to recognize the disorder. Contact your health insurance company to inquire if ADHD specialists will be covered. You may also ask your family doctor or other healthcare providers for referrals. Also, word-of-mouth referrals are a great option.
A doctor will ask the patient - or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and request details from other people in the person's life, like spouses and family members. Personal insights can provide more information than what can be learned from questionnaires.
A specialist will also need to look over any documents that the individual may have, including old school reports. Often, the diagnosis of ADHD is based on a person's history and, in order to be able to identify the condition, symptoms must have been present from childhood (technically prior to age 12).
A physical exam is usually done. It will look for any other medical issues that could be responsible for the symptoms, such as thyroid problems or seizure disorders. The specialist will typically conduct a neurological exam which checks for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests, designed to assess intelligence and ability, might be utilized too. In addition one could be asked to complete simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This could help the expert determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive or impulsive. The specialist will then determine the diagnosis and suggest treatment. The treatment typically includes medication and therapy. Psychotherapy or talk therapy may aid children and adults in learning healthy coping strategies and alter negative thinking patterns. The therapy can be conducted by the primary care physician or a mental health professional who specializes in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD improve by taking medication. However it is not the only way to treat the condition. Children, teenagers and adults can also benefit from a psychotherapy session, behavioral therapy or the combination of both. These therapies help them cope and learn to live with their ADHD symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education about ADHD and how to manage it, may be incorporated. They may involve family members, teachers and other professionals.
It is crucial to find an expert in mental health or health care professional with experience treating ADHD. You can ask others who suffer from ADHD for recommendations or a mental healthcare practitioner you trust. You can also conduct an online search. It's best to find an expert who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To determine if your child has ADHD to determine the cause, a health care provider will ask about your your child's symptoms and issues caused by them. They will conduct a physical exam and check for any other health issues that could cause similar symptoms. They will go over your your child's medical history and family information, school records and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) that is designed to diagnose children is more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your health care provider may interview you or your children about their symptoms and request that other people who spend lots of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as the methylphenidate, Lisdexamfetamine and atomoxe as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people suffering from ADHD have co-occurring disorders like depression or anxiety. This is why treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients can benefit from cognitive behavioral treatment which teaches techniques such as time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
Additionally, therapists can assist patients in managing their symptoms through lifestyle changes. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthier diet is also important; people with ADHD tend to eat more sugar and fat and less vegetables and fruits than other people. Making family and social relationships priority can help reduce anxiety and make people feel more in control of their lives.
Another major benefit of having an ADHD diagnosis is that it provides adults and children a better comprehension of their issues. For instance, a child with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their needs to peers and teachers However, once a teacher understands that it's not personal or due to laziness accommodations can be implemented.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions geared to the individual's age, interview family and teachers, review medical records, and check for any comorbidities. If ADHD symptoms first started before age, school records can be useful for adults.
A physical exam is often included, and the expert will likely test for hearing and vision problems. He or she will also do an analysis of blood to look for specific hormones and other health issues that may cause symptoms similar to ADHD.