B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism. Though these vitamins share similar names, research shows that they are chemically distinct vitamins that often coexist in the same foods. In general, dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamin supplements are referred to by the specific name of each vitamin (e.g. B1, B2, B3 etc.). Each B vitamin is either a cofactor (generally a coenzyme) for key metabolic processes or is a precursor needed to make one. Note: other substances once thought to be vitamins were given numbers in the B-vitamin numbering scheme, but were subsequently discovered to be either not essential for life or manufactured by the body, thus not meeting the two essential qualifiers for a vitamin. That is why those numbers (4, 8, 10, 11) no longer appear in the classification. Several named vitamin deficiency diseases may result from the lack of sufficient B vitamins.
Deficiencies of other B vitamins result in symptoms that are not part of a named deficiency disease. Because water-soluble B vitamins are eliminated in the urine, taking large doses of certain B vitamins usually only produces transient side-effects. General side effects may include restlessness, nausea and insomnia. These side-effects are almost always caused by dietary supplements and not foodstuffs. B vitamins are found in whole unprocessed foods. Processed carbohydrates such as sugar and white flour tend to have lower B vitamin than their unprocessed counterparts. For this reason, it is required by law in many countries (including the United States) that the B vitamins thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid be added back to white flour after processing. This is sometimes called "Enriched Flour" on food labels. B vitamins are particularly concentrated in meat such as turkey, tuna and liver.[18] Good sources for B vitamins include legumes (pulses or beans), whole grains, potatoes, bananas, chili peppers, tempeh, nutritional yeast, brewer's yeast, and molasses.
Although the yeast used to make beer results in beers being a source of B vitamins,[19] their bioavailability ranges from poor to negative as drinking ethanol inhibits absorption of thiamine (B1),[20][21] riboflavin (B2),[22] niacin (B3),[23] biotin (B7),[24] and folic acid (B9).[26] In addition, each of the preceding studies further emphasizes that elevated consumption of beer and other alcoholic beverages results in a net deficit of those B vitamins and the health risks associated with such deficiencies. The B12 vitamin is of note because it is not available from plant products, making B12 deficiency a legitimate concern for vegans. Manufacturers of plant-based foods will sometimes report B12 content, leading to confusion about what sources yield B12. The confusion arises because the standard US Pharmacopeia (USP) method for measuring the B12 content does not measure the B12 directly. Instead, it measures a bacterial response to the food. Chemical variants of the B12 vitamin found in plant sources are active for bacteria, but cannot be used by the human body.
This same phenomenon can cause significant over-reporting of B12 content in other types of foods as well. Another popular means of increasing one's vitamin B intake is through the use of dietary supplements. B vitamins are also commonly added to energy drinks, many of which have been marketed with large amounts of B vitamins[28] with claims that this will cause the consumer to "sail through your day without feeling jittery or tense."[28] Some nutritionists have been critical of these claims, pointing out for instance that while B vitamins do "help unlock the energy in foods," most Americans acquire the necessary amounts easily in their diets. Because they are soluble in water, excess B vitamins (such as may be ingested via supplements) are generally readily excreted, although individual absorption, use and metabolism may vary…"[28] The elderly and athletes may need to supplement their intake of B12 and other B vitamins due to problems in absorption and increased needs for energy production.
[] In cases of severe deficiency, B vitamins, especially B12, may also be delivered by injection to reverse deficiencies.[] Both type 1 and type 2 diabetics may also be advised to supplement thiamine based on high prevalence of low plasma thiamine concentration and increased thiamine clearance associated with diabetes.[30] Also, Vitamin B9 (folic acid) deficiency in early embryo development has been linked to neural tube defects. Thus, women planning to become pregnant are usually encouraged to increase daily dietary folic acid intake and/or take a supplement. Many of the following substances have been referred to as vitamins as they were once believed to be vitamins. They are no longer considered as such, and the numbers that were assigned to them now form the "gaps" in the true series of B-complex vitamins described above (e.g., there is no vitamin B4). Some of them, though not essential to humans, are essential in the diets of other organisms; others have no known nutritional value and may even be toxic under certain conditions.
^ a b c d ^ Vitamin B injections mentioned ^ a b c HTTP Error 404.0 - Not Found The resource you are looking for has been removed, had its name changed, or is temporarily unavailable. The directory or file specified does not exist on the Web server. The URL contains a typographical error. A custom filter or module, such as URLScan, restricts access to the file. Things you can try: Create the content on the Web server. Review the browser URL. Create a tracing rule to track failed requests for this HTTP status code and see which module is calling SetStatus. For more information about creating a tracing rule for failed requests, click here. Links and More Information This error means that the file or directory does not exist on the server. Create the file or directory and try the request again. View more information »The Irony with Vitamin B13 (Orotic Acid) is found in the following statement: If you try to find information regarding Vitamin B13, this is usually the first sentence you will encounter.
Now, on the surface I am in full agreement, but if you read on, I think you’ll agree that there is indeed a problem with that statement. The problem lies in the flora. Firstly, we have been destroying our intestinal flora since the invention of antibiotics. Obviously I‘m not disputing the value of antibiotics, but what I am disputing is the blatant lack of interest of medical doctors to advise their patients to replace the floral that had been destroyed by the antibiotics. It doesn’t stop with antibiotics issues. The destruction of intestinal flora is caused by other culprits as well: Mercury released from dental amalgam fillings Poor diet (Basically, the fast-food, processed Amercian diet) So what happens when the good intestinal flora is disturbed (or destroyed) and becomes unbalanced? A progression of other illness occurs such as: Variety of Gastrointestinal Diseases So let me remind of that sentence again… Vitamin B13 is not really recognized as a vitamin, since it is manufactured by the body by intestinal flora.