English
кицяPRESERVATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
First of all, I’d like to note that species go extinct all the time anyway. There were 5 mass extinctions in the world’s history and the most recent one 65 million years ago took out the dinosaurs (дАйносорес). Then here emerges the logical question: why do we have to preserve animals and plants if extinction is a natural process? The answer is that nowadays species are going extinct far faster than they used to and human activity is the main cause. We cannot change the situation at once but we can do at least something insignificant on a daily basis.
There’s a great point of buying recycled paper, sustainable products like bamboo to protect forest species. Also, we should minimize our use of palm oil because forests where tigers live are being cut down to plant palm plantations. People must slow down when they drive because running over an animal is one of the biggest obstacles in wild nature where roads are laid. Shooting and trapping endangered animals is illegal and can lead to their extinction and the pleasure of killing beasts that some people like to experience is unjustified. Also, it is advisable to avoid buying products made from endangered species like fur coats, some kinds of souvenirs and even medicinal (медісИнікал) products. I would like to mention exotic pets separately especially budgerigars and bigger parrots because the majority of them dies or at least is being harmed during transportation from Africa to Europe.
MAKE THE PUNISHMENT FIT THE CRIME
Any crime is a violation of moral and ethical standards and, in most cases, is incorrect in relation to the people who were harmed. The punishment depends on the crime complexity and severity, but it should be applied in any case. Imposing a penalty for a criminal act is also intended to deter a person from repeating the act. However, this system doesn’t seem to be working properly nowadays judging from the increasing rate of crimes.
Very often ex-prisoners commit crimes because they cannot normally return to their previous life and live in society. Thus, it may be effective to help ex-offenders return to stable housing and find secure living-wage employment. Having a chance for a normal life can make them go straight.
Using social networks may be a very effective means to prevent crimes. There is a sense of creating virtual chats or groups of inhabitants of a certain neighborhood to inform each other about suspicious activities at once. It will not help avoid all of the crimes but usually people are attentive and usin the Internet to keep one’s neighbors aware may save somebody’s life, health or at least property.
Another option to reduce the rate of crime is to stricter alcohol and drugs policy. These things have always been linked to violence. People often commit crimes in the state of inebriation and they may sincerely repent afterwards. Anyway, the crime is committed and the harm is done so from this point of view it doesn’t matter whether a person did it consciously or not.
FRUIT SALAD
To prepare a fruit salad, you will need 3 oranges, 2 bananas, 3 apples, 2 kiwi fruis, 2 peaches and some yoghurt. Firstly, wash the fruits properly under running water, especially apples. Peel the bananas, the oranges, the kiwis and the peaches. Then, slice the bananas. Take the apples, split them lengthwise and discard the seeds. Remove the cores and cube the apples as well as the kiwis, the peaches and the oranges. Put all the fruits in a bowl and stir with the yoghurt. Greek yoghurt is the most advisable to use. If needed, add some vanilla sugar or chocolate curls.
SHOPPING
Strolling through shopping malls is a fun activity, wastes time and sometimes money. Some people consider shopping to be a kind of a ritual. On average, it takes five trips to the mall to complete all holiday shopping. Six percent of the USA population can be considered as compulsive buyers, which means they have an addiction to shopping. Retailers rely on several psychological tricks to attract consumers into their store such as placing limits on items, offering gifts with purchase, employing visual tricks and declaring that sales are ending soon when in fact discounts are common throughout the season. The average mall shopper stays for 80 minutes and spends $75 each visit, spends 8 years of their life in shops overall and 2 weeks each in the supermarket. Designers believe that women will buy more if they hear their heels clicking on polished hard surfaces so they often use hard flooring hallways. Carpeting and softer surfaces are said to make customers feel at home.
ADVERTISING
The advertising industry is constantly changing. Ads are placed everywhere and we’re exposed to them all the time, sometimes we might not even know it. Annually, over $500 billion is spent on advertising globally. Billboards became popular in 1908, at the time when a Ford car was introduced and more people were on the road, thus, more people were exposed to billboards. The most expensive 30-second TV spots aired during The Super Bowl, and such sitcoms as The Walking Dead, The Big Bang Theory and The Blacklist. And if to talk about more or less cheap advertisements, than I have to mention Facebook Ads which are inexpensive and have a high return. But honestly, advertising in Facebook is another specific topic to talk about. Facebook incorporations scans images and read messages that people send each other on Facebook Messenger to target ads. Unfortunately, it seems to be true because when I mentioned to my friend via Facebook that I wanted to get a really nice Scandinavian backpack but it was a problem to me because the company didn’t ship to Ukraine and just in a few minutes I saw not only those backpacks, but also companies who specialized in shipping from all over the world. This is not the only example and I’m not the only one who noticed that Facebook tracking is true. Besides, there are rumours that Facebook listens to its’ users phone conversation. These rumours have a kind of foundation because when you download the Facebook applications, it asks you access to your phone conversations history. If to sum it up, this is extremely disrespectful.
TABLE MANNERS
Table manners have evolved over centuries to make the practice of eating with others pleasant and sociable. Still, there are some basic rules that one must follow.
Firstly, a person should chew with their mouth closed. Keep their smartphone off the table and set to silent or vibrate. Wait to check calls and texts until one is finished with the meal and away from the table. People should not use their utensils like a shovel or stab their food. They should not pick their teeth at the table. Also, one must remember to use their napkin. Wait until when a person is done chewing to sip or swallow a drink though chocking is clearly an exception. Besides, we have to cut only one piece of food at a time and avoid putting our elbows on the table while eating though it’s okay to prop elbows on the table while conversing between courses. Instead of reaching across the table for something, ask for it to be passed to them. The last one is to pretend being an extravert and take part in the dinner conversation.
EATING HABITS
Eating a balanced diet is vital for good health and wellbeing. Food provides our bodies with the energy, protein, essential fats, vitamins and minerals to live, grow and function properly. Therefore, eating habits are extremely important.
The first thing I’d like to say that we should focus on our meal and get rid of any distracting factors while eating. Many people, and I unfortunately belong to them, read something, scroll down their social media timelimes or just watch TV but they don’t think of what they consume. Therefore, even if the stomach is full, the brain thinks that we haven’t got enough food because didn’t focus on this and it makes us overeat.
Another thing is that we have to chew food really properly. Some Buddhists once have said that we have to eat beverages and drink solid food. Somehow like this. And I cannot but agree because the better chewed food, the easier for the stomach is to digest it.
Anyway, the most important eating habit in my opinion is to drop the food guilt. It’s trendy to think that food should be fuel, but if to confess eating is about pleasure. If I think of eating as something enjoyable and something I do without guilt or without judging yourself and I stay active, I’m less likely to overeat, have a better diet and maintain any weight loss for a quite lasting time.
TYPES OF FOOD
There are many different types of food and typically food is divided into two groups: healthy and unhealthy. If to speak about healthy food that we are supposed to consume, there are 5 major food groups: vegetables, protein, fruits, grains and dairy.
Fisrt of all, dairy. Foods in this group are excellent sources of calcium, which is important for strong, healthy bones. Not many other foods in our diet contain as much calcium as dairy foods.
Fruits provide us with vitamins, minerals, fibre and many nutrients naturally present in plants, that help your body stay healthy.
As for grain or cereal foods it is advisable to choose wholegrain varieties of breads, cereals, rice, pasta, noodles, etc. Refined grain products (such as cakes or biscuits) can be high in added sugar, fat and sodium.
Protein is also important since our body uses it to make specialised chemicals such as haemoglobin and adrenalin. Protein also builds, maintains, and repairs the tissues in our body. Muscles and organs (such as the heart) are made of protein.
Vegetables should make up a large part of our daily food intake and should be encouraged at every meal (including snack times). They provide vitamins, minerals, fibre and and many other nutrients.
ENGLISH CUISINE
The traditional English food has been recognised for its simplicity of ingredients and flavour for a long time. However, England has a complex history and has featured as a major global player. This means that people from all over the world have settled in this country, bringing with them flavours and techniques. Traditionally, English cuisine uses lamb, beef, pork, chicken and fish as its feature item. The meat in most cases is accompanied by potatoes (in various forms).
Since these products are sourced within the country, they are of the best quality. Fruits and vegetables are always available and of superior condition. Such dishes like roast beef, Yorkshire pudding, fish and chips, cottage pie, gammon steak with eggs and many others are considered to be traditional in England. Although English cuisine has had the reputation of being bland and predictable for many years, it is gaining international esteem as chefs develop these traditional dishes and flavours.
UKRAINIAN CUISINE
Ukrainian cuisine is a part of out culture, lifestyle and customs. Ukraine is well-known for its great diversity and rich authentic traditions; and the same applies to the traditional Ukrainian cuisine.
It offers amazing flavors and delicious tastes. Popular ingredients in our cuisine are various meats, mushrooms, vegetables, berries, fruits and herbs.
Some of the best Ukrainian dishes are actually very simple. Many ingredients are used in a way that one may consider to be unusual combinations, creating a unique and sumptuous dish. Considered the “breadbasket of Europe”, it follows that bread is a staple in Ukraine. There are dozens of methods used in baking breads, which are often used in authentic traditions and customs. Dishes often contain pickled vegetables when these are not in season and certain dishes can only be made when ingredients are available. Pastries and cakes are popular, but they are not very sweet.
Although Ukrainian dishes have origins from different countries, the way they are prepared are uniquely Ukrainian. Borshch, pierogi or varenyky are among the most popular Ukrainian dishes which can be found in many menus abroad. However, Ukrainian cuisine extends much farther than that. Ukraine’s most delicious foods are best cooked at home and in the welcoming guesthouses of rural Ukraine.
TECHNOLOGIES AT HOME
Technology is being used in homes like never before giving its residents control over all electronic devices at the click of a button! Many of today’s products are becoming “smart’ and we can run the household using our smartphones. Even such ordinary appliances like microwave oven, refrigerators and so on are nowadays much developed as they used to be. At the first sight, technologies at home simplify our life but one the other hand there are some hidden threats. For example, a lot of people use self-watered planters, pet cameras or Amazon echo, a kind of gadget that you control with your voice. I wasn’t lazy at that time, I surfed on the Interned and I encountered some feedbacks on these and many other appliances. One woman claimed that her self-watered planter ran over when she was on a business trip and almost caused a kind of a flood. Let alone the Amazon echo. You may feel like you control the gadget but it can turn out to be working vice versa by recording your conversation or even videos. This invasion of privacy is unjustified. And to sum it up i’d like to say that if we want to use smart technologies at home, then we have to make sure that they will work properly and not against us because the artificial intelligence is scary.
TYPES OF OFFENCE
Although there are many different kinds of crimes, criminal acts can generally be divided into four primary groups: personal crimes, property crimes, inchoate crimes and statutory crimes.
Personal crimes are law-breaking actions when one person does physical or mental harm to another person. They include assault, arson, child abuse, homicide, domestic abuse, kidnapping and raping.
Property crimes typically involve an invasion of property. Sometimes they can also involve physical or mental harm but the primary offences are such as burglary, larceny, robbery, shoplifting, embezzlement, forgery and so on.
Then, we have inchoate (інкоуейт) crimes. These crimes refers to illegal actions that were initiated but not completed. Inchoate crimes require more than a person simply intending or hoping to commit a crime. An individual must take a substantial and essential step towards the commitment of the crime in order to be found guilty.
And the last type is statutory (стачечрі) crimes. A violation of a specific state or federal statute and can involve either property or personal offences. Statutory crimes also include alcohol-related crimes such as drunk driving or selling alcohol to a minor.
CLIMATE IN UKRAINE
The climate of Ukraine can be described as dry and continental influenced with warm dry summers and fairly severe winters. January is the coldest month with daytime temperatures usually around zero degrees Celsius but in some cases winter months can be quite colder with temperatures far below zero. Heavy snowfalls or even snowstorms are possible on some days. There are 290 sunny days in the year.
In summer daytime temperatures reach 25-30 degrees Celsius but sometimes can be quite higher like 35 degrees Celsius or so. During the summer the Ukrainians enjoy dry weather with sunny spells most of the time. Generally, the weather is best from May to September when days are warm and nights are cool, although it rains in spring more than in summer.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
Our environment is constantly changing in a negative meaning nowadays and human activity is the main cause of the majority of environmental problems. In my opinion, pollution is the most significant among them. Pollution of air, water and soil require millions of years to recoup. Then, climate changes like global warming is the result of human emission of greenhouse gases. Global warming leads to rising (райзінг) temperatures of the oceans and the earth’ surface. I also have to mention overpopulation of the planet unsustainable levels as if faces shortage of resources like water, fuel and food. Another important environmental problem is deforestation. Nowadays, forests cover up to 30% of the land but this index decreases over year. Unfortunately, these are not the only environmental problems that the mankind faces but the point is that we have to do something in order to save the planet even if it’s not easy to come up with great solutions.
TYPES OF HOLIDAYS:
In general, there are 4 types of holidays: camping, sightseeing, winter holidays and beach holidays. Each of types has its advantages and disadvantages, but it depends on what a person likes and prefers.
Camping is ideal for nature lovers and those who want to relax in the bosom of nature. I think camping is the best way to comprehend how much actually we have to protect the primeval nature. Besides, I agree that time heals, but nature does it better.
Sightseeing will be suitable for people who enjoy the urban style of living even during their holidays. Still, sightseeing is the best way to let’s say get acquainted with a city, to explore its best famous spots.
Winter holidays are the cosiest types of vacation although the cold months are clearly a popular time for parties and celebrations. Going to the mountains is fairly considered to be the best way to spend winter holidays especially with the family and especially around the Christmas time.
And the last type is beach holidays. I think this type is the most appropriate for a bit lazier version of nature-lovers. They also like spending time in the bosom of nature, but in their own way like laying on the beach, equally enjoying both the Sun and the opportunity to do nothing.