This is a project that is based on a video game that I found on the internet. This project has many features such as a buzzer for beeping when your character collides or jumps over obstacles. Also, to give it a video game feeling, it has a joystick (must have a button) because you simply press down on the joystick's button to jump. This video game is about you guessed it! (A man running and jumping over obstacles and avoiding them.) The object of this game is about getting as many points as possible (one point for every second you are on the course and avoiding the obstacles).

The schematic

This will show you how to connect all the parts together as not all wiring was shown in the cover image.

Code

The codeArduino

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#define PIN_BUTTON 2
#define PIN_AUTOPLAY 1
#define PIN_BUZZER 8
#define PIN_READWRITE 10
#define PIN_CONTRAST 12

#define SPRITE_RUN1 1
#define SPRITE_RUN2 2
#define SPRITE_JUMP 3
#define SPRITE_JUMP_UPPER '.'         // Use the '.' character for the head
#define SPRITE_JUMP_LOWER 4
#define SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY ' '      // User the ' ' character
#define SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID 5
#define SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_RIGHT 6
#define SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_LEFT 7

#define HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION 1    // Horizontal position of hero on screen

#define TERRAIN_WIDTH 16
#define TERRAIN_EMPTY 0
#define TERRAIN_LOWER_BLOCK 1
#define TERRAIN_UPPER_BLOCK 2

#define HERO_POSITION_OFF 0          // Hero is invisible
#define HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_1 1  // Hero is running on lower row (pose 1)
#define HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_2 2  //                              (pose 2)

#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_1 3       // Starting a jump
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_2 4       // Half-way up
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_3 5       // Jump is on upper row
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_4 6       // Jump is on upper row
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_5 7       // Jump is on upper row
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_6 8       // Jump is on upper row
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_7 9       // Half-way down
#define HERO_POSITION_JUMP_8 10      // About to land

#define HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_1 11 // Hero is running on upper row (pose 1)
#define HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_2 12 //                              (pose 2)

LiquidCrystal lcd(11, 9, 6, 5, 4, 3);
static char terrainUpper[TERRAIN_WIDTH + 1];
static char terrainLower[TERRAIN_WIDTH + 1];
static bool buttonPushed = false;

void initializeGraphics(){
  static byte graphics[] = {
    // Run position 1
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B00000,
    B01110,
    B11100,
    B01100,
    B11010,
    B10011,
    // Run position 2
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B00000,
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B01110,
    // Jump
    B01100,
    B01100,
    B00000,
    B11110,
    B01101,
    B11111,
    B10000,
    B00000,
    // Jump lower
    B11110,
    B01101,
    B11111,
    B10000,
    B00000,
    B00000,
    B00000,
    B00000,
    // Ground
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    B11111,
    // Ground right
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    B00011,
    // Ground left
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
    B11000,
  };
  int i;
  // Skip using character 0, this allows lcd.print() to be used to
  // quickly draw multiple characters
  for (i = 0; i < 7; ++i) {
   lcd.createChar(i + 1, &graphics[i * 8]);
  }
  for (i = 0; i < TERRAIN_WIDTH; ++i) {
    terrainUpper[i] = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
    terrainLower[i] = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
  }
}

// Slide the terrain to the left in half-character increments
//
void advanceTerrain(char* terrain, byte newTerrain){
  for (int i = 0; i < TERRAIN_WIDTH; ++i) {
    char current = terrain[i];
    char next = (i == TERRAIN_WIDTH-1) ? newTerrain : terrain[i+1];
    switch (current){
      case SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY:
        terrain[i] = (next == SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID) ? SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_RIGHT : SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
        break;
      case SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID:
        terrain[i] = (next == SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY) ? SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_LEFT : SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID;
        break;
      case SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_RIGHT:
        terrain[i] = SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID;
        break;
      case SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID_LEFT:
        terrain[i] = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
        break;
    }
  }
}

bool drawHero(byte position, char* terrainUpper, char* terrainLower, unsigned int score) {
  bool collide = false;
  char upperSave = terrainUpper[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION];
  char lowerSave = terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION];
  byte upper, lower;
  switch (position) {
    case HERO_POSITION_OFF:
      upper = lower = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_1:
      upper = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      lower = SPRITE_RUN1;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_2:
      upper = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      lower = SPRITE_RUN2;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_1:
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_8:
      upper = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      lower = SPRITE_JUMP;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_2:
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_7:
      upper = SPRITE_JUMP_UPPER;
      lower = SPRITE_JUMP_LOWER;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_3:
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_4:
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_5:
    case HERO_POSITION_JUMP_6:
      upper = SPRITE_JUMP;
      lower = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_1:
      upper = SPRITE_RUN1;
      lower = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      break;
    case HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_2:
      upper = SPRITE_RUN2;
      lower = SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      break;
  }
  if (upper != ' ') {
    terrainUpper[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] = upper;
    collide = (upperSave == SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY) ? false : true;
  }
  if (lower != ' ') {
    terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] = lower;
    collide |= (lowerSave == SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY) ? false : true;
  }
  
  byte digits = (score > 9999) ? 5 : (score > 999) ? 4 : (score > 99) ? 3 : (score > 9) ? 2 : 1;
  
  // Draw the scene
  terrainUpper[TERRAIN_WIDTH] = '\0';
  terrainLower[TERRAIN_WIDTH] = '\0';
  char temp = terrainUpper[16-digits];
  terrainUpper[16-digits] = '\0';
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(terrainUpper);
  terrainUpper[16-digits] = temp;  
  lcd.setCursor(0,1);
  lcd.print(terrainLower);
  
  lcd.setCursor(16 - digits,0);
  lcd.print(score);

  terrainUpper[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] = upperSave;
  terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] = lowerSave;
  return collide;
}

// Handle the button push as an interrupt
void buttonPush() {
  buttonPushed = true;
}

void setup(){
  pinMode(PIN_READWRITE, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(PIN_READWRITE, LOW);
  pinMode(PIN_CONTRAST, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(PIN_CONTRAST, LOW);
  pinMode(PIN_BUTTON, INPUT);
  digitalWrite(PIN_BUTTON, HIGH);
  pinMode(PIN_AUTOPLAY, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(PIN_AUTOPLAY, HIGH);
  pinMode(PIN_BUZZER,OUTPUT);//initialize the buzzer pin as an output
  digitalWrite(PIN_BUZZER, LOW);
  
  // Digital pin 2 maps to interrupt 0
  attachInterrupt(0/*PIN_BUTTON*/, buttonPush, FALLING);
  
  initializeGraphics();
  
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
}

void loop(){
  static byte heroPos = HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_1;
  static byte newTerrainType = TERRAIN_EMPTY;
  static byte newTerrainDuration = 1;
  static bool playing = false;
  static bool blink = false;
  static unsigned int distance = 0;
  
  if (!playing) {
    drawHero((blink) ? HERO_POSITION_OFF : heroPos, terrainUpper, terrainLower, distance >> 3);
    if (blink) {
      lcd.setCursor(0,0);
      lcd.print("Press Start");
    }
    delay(250);
    blink = !blink;
    if (buttonPushed) {
       
    
     
      initializeGraphics();
      heroPos = HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_1;
      playing = true;
      buttonPushed = false;
      distance = 0;
    }
    return;
  }

  // Shift the terrain to the left
  advanceTerrain(terrainLower, newTerrainType == TERRAIN_LOWER_BLOCK ? SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID : SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY);
  advanceTerrain(terrainUpper, newTerrainType == TERRAIN_UPPER_BLOCK ? SPRITE_TERRAIN_SOLID : SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY);
  
  // Make new terrain to enter on the right
  if (--newTerrainDuration == 0) {
    if (newTerrainType == TERRAIN_EMPTY) {
      newTerrainType = (random(3) == 0) ? TERRAIN_UPPER_BLOCK : TERRAIN_LOWER_BLOCK;
      newTerrainDuration = 2 + random(10);
    } else {
      newTerrainType = TERRAIN_EMPTY;
      newTerrainDuration = 10 + random(10);
    }
  }
    
  if (buttonPushed) {
    if (heroPos <= HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_2) heroPos = HERO_POSITION_JUMP_1;
    buttonPushed = false;
    digitalWrite(PIN_BUZZER,HIGH); 
  }  

  if (drawHero(heroPos, terrainUpper, terrainLower, distance >> 3)) {
    playing = false; // The hero collided with something. Too bad.
    for (int i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
      digitalWrite(PIN_BUZZER, HIGH);
      delay(100);
      digitalWrite(PIN_BUZZER, LOW);
      delay(100);
    }
  } else {
    if (heroPos == HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_2 || heroPos == HERO_POSITION_JUMP_8) {
      heroPos = HERO_POSITION_RUN_LOWER_1;
    } else if ((heroPos >= HERO_POSITION_JUMP_3 && heroPos <= HERO_POSITION_JUMP_5) && terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] != SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY) {
      heroPos = HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_1;
    } else if (heroPos >= HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_1 && terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION] == SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY) {
      heroPos = HERO_POSITION_JUMP_5;
    } else if (heroPos == HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_2) {
      heroPos = HERO_POSITION_RUN_UPPER_1;
    } else {
      ++heroPos;
    }
    ++distance;
    
    digitalWrite(PIN_AUTOPLAY, terrainLower[HERO_HORIZONTAL_POSITION + 2] == SPRITE_TERRAIN_EMPTY ? HIGH : LOW);
  }
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(PIN_BUZZER,LOW);
}

Code

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The schematic

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