Circumcision

Circumcision

Source
  • ^ Krill, AJ; Palmer, LS; Palmer, JS (2011). "Complications of circumcision". TheScientificWorldJournal. 11: 2458–68. doi:10.1100/2011/373829. PMC 3253617. PMID 22235177.

  • ^ Morris, Brian J.; Krieger, John N. (2017-08-04). "Does Circumcision Increase Meatal Stenosis Risk? – a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Urology. 110: 16–26. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2017.07.027. ISSN 1527-9995. PMID 28826876. Weak evidence suggests that MS risk might be higher in circumcised boys and young adult males.

  • ^ Canadian Paediatric Society (Sep 8, 2015). "Newborn male circumcision Position statements and practice points". Paediatr Child Health. 20 (6): 311–15. doi:10.1093/pch/20.6.311. PMC 4578472. PMID 26435672. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18.

  • ^ "Circumcision in men". National Health Service. 22 February 2016.

  • ^ Dave S, Afshar K, Braga LH, Anderson P (February 2018). "Canadian Urological Association guideline on the care of the normal foreskin and neonatal circumcision in Canadian infants (full version)". Can Urol Assoc J. 12 (2): E76–E99. doi:10.5489/cuaj.5033. PMC 5937400. PMID 29381458.

  • ^ Shabanzadeh DM, Düring S, Frimodt-Møller C (July 2016). "Male circumcision does not result in inferior perceived male sexual function - a systematic review". Dan Med J (Systematic review). 63 (7). PMID 27399981.

  • ^ Friedman, B; Khoury, J; Petersiel, N; Yahalomi, T; Paul, M; Neuberger, A (4 August 2016). "Pros and cons of circumcision: an evidence-based overview". Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 22 (9): 768–774. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2016.07.030. PMID 27497811.

  • ^ a b Tian Y, Liu W, Wang JZ, Wazir R, Yue X, Wang KJ (2013). "Effects of circumcision on male sexual functions: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Asian J. Androl. (Systematic review). 15 (5): 662–6. doi:10.1038/aja.2013.47. PMC 3881635. PMID 23749001.

  • ^ Yang, Y; Wang, X; Bai, Y; Han, P (27 June 2017). "Circumcision does not have effect on premature ejaculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Andrologia. 50 (2): e12851. doi:10.1111/and.12851. PMID 28653427. S2CID 3305071.

  • ^ a b Bossio JA, Pukall CF, Steele S (2014). "A review of the current state of the male circumcision literature". J. Sex. Med. 11 (12): 2847–64. doi:10.1111/jsm.12703. PMID 25284631.

  • ^ a b c Morris BJ, Moreton S, Krieger JN (November 2019). "Critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision: A systematic review". Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine (Systematic review). 12 (4): 263–290. doi:10.1111/jebm.12361. PMC 6899915. PMID 31496128.

  • ^ Morris, Brian J; Wamai, Richard G; Henebeng, Esther B; Tobian, Aaron AR; Klausner, Jeffrey D; Banerjee, Joya; Hankins, Catherine A (1 March 2016). "Estimation of country-specific and global prevalence of male circumcision". Population Health Metrics. 14 (1): 4. doi:10.1186/s12963-016-0073-5. PMC 4772313. PMID 26933388.

  • ^ a b Drain PK, Halperin DT, Hughes JP, Klausner JD, Bailey RC (2006). "Male circumcision, religion, and infectious diseases: an ecologic analysis of 118 developing countries". BMC Infectious Diseases. 6: 172. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-172. PMC 1764746. PMID 17137513.

  • ^ Klavs I, Hamers FF (February 2008). "Male circumcision in Slovenia: results from a national probability sample survey". Sexually Transmitted Infections. 84 (1): 49–50. doi:10.1136/sti.2007.027524. PMID 17881413. S2CID 24535897.

  • ^ Ko MC, Liu CK, Lee WK, Jeng HS, Chiang HS, Li CY (April 2007). "Age-specific prevalence rates of phimosis and circumcision in Taiwanese boys". Journal of the Formosan Medical Association=Taiwan Yi Zhi. 106 (4): 302–7. doi:10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60256-4. PMID 17475607.

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  • ^ a b c Owings M, et al. (August 22, 2013). "Trends in Circumcision for Male Newborns in U.S. Hospitals: 1979–2010". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Archived from the original on 23 January 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.

  • ^ a b c d e Gollaher (2001), ch. 1, The Jewish Tradition, pp. 1–30

  • ^ McNutt, Paula M. (1999). Reconstructing the Society of Ancient Israel. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-664-22265-9. Abraham patriarchal known history.

  • ^ a b "Circumcision". Encyclopaedia Judaica (2 ed.). USA: Macmillan Reference. 2006. ISBN 978-0-02-865928-2.

  • ^ Hirsch, Emil G; Kohler, Kaufmann; Jacobs, Joseph; Friedenwald, Aaron; Broydé, Isaac (1906). "Circumcision". Jewish Encyclopedia. In order to prevent the obliteration of the 'seal of the covenant' on the flesh, as circumcision was henceforth called, the Rabbis, probably after the war of Bar Kokba (see Yeb. l.c.; Gen. R. xlvi.), instituted the 'peri'ah' (the laying bare of the glans), without which circumcision was declared to be of no value (Shab. xxx. 6).

  • ^ Gollaher (2001), ch. 2, Christians and Muslims, pp. 31–52

  • ^ Donald Daniel Leslie (1998). "The Integration of Religious Minorities in China: The Case of Chinese Muslims" (PDF). The Fifty-ninth George Ernest Morrison Lecture in Ethnology. p. 12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 December 2010. Retrieved 30 November 2010.

  • ^ Johan Elverskog (2010). Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road (illustrated ed.). University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 228. ISBN 978-0-8122-4237-9. Retrieved 2010-06-28.

  • ^ Gollaher (2001), ch. 3, Symbolic Wounds, pp. 53–72

  • ^ a b c Darby, Robert (Spring 2003). "The Masturbation Taboo and the Rise of Routine Male Circumcision: A Review of the Historiography". Journal of Social History. 36 (3): 737–757. doi:10.1353/jsh.2003.0047. S2CID 72536074.

  • ^ a b c Gollaher (2001), ch. 4, From Ritual to Science, pp. 73–108

  • ^ Bullough, Vern L.; Bonnie Bullough (1994). Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia. New York: Garland. p. 425. ISBN 978-0824079727.

  • ^ Conrad, Peter; Joseph W. Schneider (1992). Deviance and Medicalization: From Badness to Sickness. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. p. 212. ISBN 978-0877229995.

  • ^ a b Darby, Robert (2005). A surgical temptation : the demonization of the foreskin and the rise of circumcision in Britain. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 262–. ISBN 978-0-226-13645-5.

  • ^ Matthew, H. C. G. (2004). Oxford dictionary of national biography : in association with the British Academy : from the earliest times to the year 2000. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-861411-1.

  • ^ Gollaher 2001, p. 106

  • ^ Gairdner D (1949). "The fate of the foreskin: a study of circumcision". Br Med J. 2 (4642): 1433–7. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4642.1433. PMC 2051968. PMID 15408299.

  • ^ Boyle GJ, Hill G (2011). "Sub-Saharan African randomised clinical trials into male circumcision and HIV transmission: methodological, ethical and legal concerns". J Law Med. 19 (2): 316–34. PMID 22320006.

  • ^ Dowsett GW, Couch M (May 2007). "Male circumcision and HIV prevention: is there really enough of the right kind of evidence?". Reproductive Health Matters. 15 (29): 33–44. doi:10.1016/S0968-8080(07)29302-4. PMID 17512372.

  • ^ Darby R, Van Howe R (2011). "Not a surgical vaccine: there is no case for boosting infant male circumcision to combat heterosexual transmission of HIV in Australia". Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 35 (5): 459–465. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2011.00761.x. PMID 21973253. S2CID 24665227.


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