Chromium

Chromium

Source

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  • ^ a b Vincent, John B (2010). "Chromium: Celebrating 50 years as an essential element?". Dalton Transactions. 39 (16): 3787–3794. doi:10.1039/B920480F. PMID 20372701.

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  • ^ "Monograph: Chromium (from Chromium picolinate)". Health Canada. 9 December 2009. Retrieved 18 October 2018.

  • ^ a b Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to chromium and contribution to normal macronutrient metabolism (ID 260, 401, 4665, 4666, 4667), maintenance of normal blood glucose concentrations (ID 262, 4667), contribution to the maintenance or achievement of a normal body weight (ID 339, 4665, 4666), and reduction of tiredness and fatigue (ID 261) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 European Food Safety Authority EFSA J 2010;8(10)1732.

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  • ^ Abdollahi, M; Farshchi, A; Nikfar, S; Seyedifar, M (2013). "Effect of chromium on glucose and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes; a meta-analysis review of randomized trials". J Pharm Pharm Sci. 16 (1): 99–114. doi:10.18433/J3G022. PMID 23683609.

  • ^ Suksomboon, N; Poolsup, N; Yuwanakorn, A (17 March 2013). "Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of chromium supplementation in diabetes". J Clin Pharm Ther. 39 (3): 292–306. doi:10.1111/jcpt.12147. PMID 24635480. S2CID 22326435.

  • ^ Bailey, Christopher H (January 2014). "Improved meta-analytic methods show no effect of chromium supplements on fasting glucose". Biol Trace Elem Res. 157 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1007/s12011-013-9863-9. PMID 24293356. S2CID 2441511.

  • ^ Costello, Rebecca B; Dwyer, Johanna T; Bailey, Regan L (30 May 2016). "Chromium supplements for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: limited evidence of effectiveness". Nutrition Reviews. 74 (7): 455–468. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw011. PMC 5009459. PMID 27261273.

  • ^ a b Tian, Honglian; Guo, Xiaohu; Wang, Xiyu; He, Zhiyun; Sun, Rao; Ge, Sai; Zhang, Zongjiu (2013). "Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (11): CD010063. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010063.pub2. PMC 7433292. PMID 24293292.

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  • ^ Lefavi RG, Anderson RA, Keith RE, Wilson GD, McMillan JL, Stone MH (1992). "Efficacy of chromium supplementation in athletes: emphasis on anabolism". Int J Sport Nutr. 2 (2): 111–122. doi:10.1123/ijsn.2.2.111. PMID 1299487.

  • ^ Vincent JB (2003). "The potential value and toxicity of chromium picolinate as a nutritional supplement, weight loss agent and muscle development agent". Sports Med. 33 (3): 213–230. doi:10.2165/00007256-200333030-00004. PMID 12656641. S2CID 9981172.

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  • ^ Islam MM, Karim MR, Zheng X, Li X (2018). "Heavy Metal and Metalloid Pollution of Soil, Water and Foods in Bangladesh: A Critical Review". Int J Environ Res Public Health. 15 (12): 2825. doi:10.3390/ijerph15122825. PMC 6313774. PMID 30544988.

  • ^ a b Bakshi A, Panigrahi AK (2018). "A comprehensive review on chromium induced alterations in fresh water fishes". Toxicol Rep. 5: 440–447. doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.03.007. PMC 5977408. PMID 29854615.

  • ^ Ahmed AR, Jha AN, Davies SJ (2012). "The efficacy of chromium as a growth enhancer for mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L): an integrated study using biochemical, genetic, and histological responses". Biol Trace Elem Res. 148 (2): 187–197. doi:10.1007/s12011-012-9354-4. PMID 22351105. S2CID 16154712.

  • ^ Barceloux, Donald G; Barceloux, Donald (1999). "Chromium". Clinical Toxicology. 37 (2): 173–194. doi:10.1081/CLT-100102418. PMID 10382554.

  • ^ a b Katz, SA; Salem, H (1992). "The toxicology of chromium with respect to its chemical speciation: A review". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 13 (3): 217–224. doi:10.1002/jat.2550130314. PMID 8326093. S2CID 31117557.

  • ^ Eastmond, DA; MacGregor, JT; Slesinski, RS (2008). "Trivalent Chromium: Assessing the Genotoxic Risk of an Essential Trace Element and Widely Used Human and Animal Nutritional Supplement". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 38 (3): 173–190. doi:10.1080/10408440701845401. PMID 18324515. S2CID 21033504.

  • ^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0141". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

  • ^ Dayan, AD; Paine, AJ (2001). "Mechanisms of chromium toxicity, carcinogenicity and allergenicity: Review of the literature from 1985 to 2000". Human & Experimental Toxicology. 20 (9): 439–451. doi:10.1191/096032701682693062. PMID 11776406. S2CID 31351037.

  • ^ Newman, D. (1890). "A case of adeno-carcinoma of the left inferior turbinated body, and perforation of the nasal septum, in the person of a worker in chrome pigments". Glasgow Medical Journal. 33: 469–470.

  • ^ Langard, S (1990). "One Hundred Years of Chromium and Cancer: A Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Selected Case Reports". American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 17 (2): 189–214. doi:10.1002/ajim.4700170205. PMID 2405656.

  • ^ Cohen, MD; Kargacin, B; Klein, CB; Costa, M (1993). "Mechanisms of chromium carcinogenicity and toxicity". Critical Reviews in Toxicology. 23 (3): 255–281. doi:10.3109/10408449309105012. PMID 8260068.

  • ^ Methods to Develop Inhalation Cancer Risk Estimates for Chromium and Nickel Compounds. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Health and Environmental Impacts Division. 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2015.

  • ^ Ngan, V (2002). "Chrome Allergy". DermNet NZ.

  • ^ Basketter, David; Horev, L; Slodovnik, D; Merimes, S; Trattner, A; Ingber, A (2000). "Investigation of the threshold for allergic reactivity to chromium". Contact Dermatitis. 44 (2): 70–74. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.440202.x. PMID 11205406. S2CID 45426346.

  • ^ Baselt, Randall C (2008). Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man (8th ed.). Foster City: Biomedical Publications. pp. 305–307. ISBN 978-0-9626523-7-0.

  • ^ "US water has large amounts of likely carcinogen: study". Yahoo News. 19 December 2010. Archived from the original on 23 December 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2010.

  • ^ James, Bruce (1996). "The challenge of remediating chromium-contaminated soil". Environmental Science and Technology. 30 (6): 248A–251A. doi:10.1021/es962269h. PMID 21648723.

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