Cat

Impact on birds

On islands, birds can contribute as much as 60% of a cat's diet. where the suppression of top carnivores creates an abundance of smaller predators that cause a severe decline in their shared prey. Domestic cats are, however, known to be a contributing factor to the decline of many species, a factor that has ultimately led, in some cases, to extinction. , ,, which was driven to extinction only a few years after its discovery.

Play

Domestic cats, especially young kittens, are known for their love of play. This behavior mimics hunting and is important in helping kittens learn to stalk, capture, and kill prey.

Cats also tend to play with toys more when they are hungry. to a toy they have played with before., a medical emergency which can cause serious illness, even death.'s dot, which cats may chase.[149]

Reproduction

The average lifespan of pet cats has risen in recent decades. In the early 1980s, it was about seven years, rising to 9.4 years in 1995 Some cats have been reported as surviving into their 30s,, dying at a verified age of 38.:35 Having a cat confers health benefits, because castrated males cannot develop , spayed females cannot develop or , and both have a reduced risk of .:45[171]

Disease

About two hundred fifty heritable have been identified in cats, many similar to human . of mammals allows many of these feline diseases to be diagnosed using that were originally developed for use in humans, as well as the use of cats as in the study of the human diseases.
Diseases affecting domestic cats include acute infections, , injuries, and chronic diseases such as , , and . are available for many infectious diseases, as are treatments to eliminate parasites such as worms and fleas.[175]

The domestic cat is a and occurs across much of the world., and on 118 of the 131 main groups of islands—even on isolated islands such as the .
Due to its ability to thrive in almost any terrestrial habitat, it is among the world's most .[178]
As it is little altered from the wildcat, it can readily interbreed with the wildcat. This poses a danger to the genetic distinctiveness of some wildcat populations, particularly in and and possibly also the .
Feral cats can live in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands.[180]

Feral cats

Feral cats are domestic cats that were born in or have reverted to a wild state. They are unfamiliar with and wary of humans and roam freely in urban and rural areas. Feral cats may live alone, but most are found in large , which occupy a specific territory and are usually associated with a source of food. and , with cats at some of these sites being fed and given medical attention by volunteers. One common approach to reducing the feral cat population is termed "trap-neuter-return", where the cats are trapped, , against diseases such as and the feline and , and then released.

Cats are common throughout the world, and their worldwide population exceeds 500 million as of 2007. reported that men and women in the United States were equally likely to own a cat. and shoes, gloves, and musical instruments respectively This use has been outlawed in the United States, Australia, and the European Union in 2007., as believed to help . in the thought experiment.

A few attempts to build a cat census have been made over the years, both through associations or national and international organizations (such as the 's one made his career photographing cats after his 1949 images of Loco, an especially charming stray taken in, were published around the world. He is reported to have photographed 90,000 cats during his career and maintained an archive of 225,000 images that he drew from for publications during his lifetime.[202]

Cat show

A is a judged event in which the owners of cats compete to win titles in various cat-registering organizations by entering their cats to be judged after a breed standard. Both and non- companion ("moggy"") cats are admissible, although the rules differ from organization to organization. Competing cats are compared to the applicable breed standard,[205] and assessed for temperament and apparent health; the owners of those judged to be most ideal awarded a prize. Moggies are judged based on their temperament and healthy appearance. Some events also include activity judging, such as trained navigation of obstacle course. Often, at the end of the year, all of the points accrued at various shows are added up and more national and regional titles are awarded to champion cats.

Infections transmitted from cats to humans

Cats can be infected or infested with , , , , or worms that can transmit diseases to humans. of the disease, status of the person. Humans who have cats living in their home or in close association are more likely to become infected, however, those who do not keep cats as pets might also acquire infections from cat and exiting the cat's body. Some of the infections of most concern include , and .[207]

History and mythology

In , cats were , and the goddess often depicted in cat form, sometimes taking on the war-like aspect of a lioness. The Greek historian reported that killing a cat was forbidden, and when a household cat died, the entire family mourned and shaved their eyebrows. Families took their dead cats to the sacred city of , where they were embalmed and buried in sacred repositories. Herodotus expressed astonishment at the domestic cats in Egypt, because he had only ever seen wildcats.[209]
Ancient Greeks and Romans kept as pets, which were seen as the ideal rodent-killers. The earliest unmistakable evidence of the Greeks having domestic cats comes from two coins from dating to the mid-fifth century BC showing Iokastos and Phalanthos, the legendary founders of and respectively, playing with their pet cats. The usual ancient Greek word for 'cat' was ailouros, meaning 'thing with the waving tail'. Cats are rarely mentioned in . remarked in his that "female cats are naturally ." The Greeks later their own goddess with the Egyptian goddess Bastet, adopting Bastet's associations with cats and ascribing them to Artemis. In 's , when the deities flee to Egypt and take animal forms, the goddess turns into a cat. Cats eventually displaced as the pest control of choice because they were more pleasant to have around the house and were more enthusiastic hunters of mice. During the , many of Artemis's associations with cats were grafted onto the . Cats are often shown in icons of and of the and, according to , on the same night that Mary gave birth to , a cat in gave birth to a kitten., as were carried on to control shipboard rodents and as good-luck charms. cat is a symbol of good fortune., , the goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, is depicted as riding a chariot drawn by cats., the first cat was living in the house of the first man as a pet that got rid of . The cat was once partnering with the first dog before the latter broke an oath they had made which resulted in enmity between the descendants of these two animals. It is also written that neither cats nor are represented in the water, while every other animal has an incarnation species in the water.. Some Western writers have stated had a favorite cat, . The story has no origin in early Muslim writers, and seems to confuse a story of a later saint, , centuries after Muhammad. ("father of the kitten"), in reference to his documented affection to cats.[219]

Superstitions and rituals

Many cultures have negative about cats. An example would be the belief that a "crossing one's path" leads to bad luck, or that cats are witches' used to augment a witch's powers and skills. The killing of cats in Medieval , , is commemorated in the innocuous present-day (cat parade)., the assembled people "shrieked with laughter as the animals, howling with pain, were singed, roasted, and finally ". was burned. The people collected the embers and ashes of the fire and took them home, believing that they brought good luck. The French kings often witnessed these spectacles and even lit the bonfire with their own hands. In 1648 , crowned with a wreath of roses and carrying a bunch of roses in his hand, kindled the fire, danced at it and partook of the banquet afterwards in the town hall. But this was the last occasion when a monarch presided at the midsummer bonfire in Paris. At midsummer fires were lighted with great pomp on the esplanade, and a dozen cats, enclosed in cages, were burned alive in them, to the amusement of the people. Similarly at , in the of the , cats used to be roasted over the midsummer bonfire." The myth is attributed to the natural suppleness and swiftness cats exhibit to escape life-threatening situations. Also lending credence to this myth is the fact that falling cats often land on their feet, using an instinctive to twist their bodies around. Nonetheless, cats can still be injured or killed by a high fall.[226]

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