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Distribution of Silicon in nature

Silicon is the second most abundant element in the earth's crust; its average content in the lithosphere is 29.5%. in the earth's crust, Silicon plays the same primary role as carbon in the animal and plant world.

Physical properties of Silicon

boiling point 2600 °C

Silicon is transparent to long-wave IR rays

Dielectric permittivity of 11.7

I would like to say that silicon is a brittle material, and noticeable deformation begins at temperatures above 800°C.

Silicon is a semiconductor, which is why it is widely used. The electrical properties of silicon are highly dependent on impurities.

Application Of Silicon

Specially doped silicon is widely used as a material for the manufacture of semiconductor devices (transistors, thermistors).

Since silicon is transparent to rays with a wavelength from 1 to 9 microns, it is used in infrared optics

Silicon is a component of a large number of iron and non-ferrous metal alloys.

Typically, Silicon gives alloys increased resistance to corrosion, improves their casting properties and increases mechanical strength; however, with a higher content of Silicon, it can cause brittleness.

The most important iron, copper and aluminum alloys containing silicon.

Ultra-pure silicon is mainly used for the production of single electronic devices (for example, a processor) and single-chip chips.

Pure silicon, ultrapure silicon waste, and refined metallurgical silicon in the form of crystalline silicon are the main raw materials for solar energy.

Monocrystalline silicon — in addition to electronics and solar energy, it is used to make mirrors for gas lasers.