Same Sex Unions In World

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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_same-sex_unions
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This is a history of same-sex unions in cultures around the world. Various types of same-sex unions have existed, ranging from informal, unsanctioned, and temporary relationships to highly ritualized unions that have included marriage. State-recognized same-sex unions have recently become more widely accepted, with various countries recognizing same-sex marriages or other types of unions.
Wikipedia · Текст по лицензии CC-BY-SA
https://www.pewforum.org/fact-sheet/gay-
Перевести · 27.10.2019 · On Jan. 1, 2019, Austria joined the vast majority of Western European countries in legalizing same-sex marriage. The country had granted gay and lesbian couples the right to enter into a civil partnership in 2010. But in 2017, Austria’s highest court ruled that these partnerships are inherently discriminatory.
Rome: Vatican says Church cannot bless same-sex unions | Latest World English News | WION News
Gravitas: Pope Francis endorses same-sex civil unions
Pope Francis endorses same-sex civil unions
Pope breaks with tradition expressing support for same-sex civil unions
Pope Francis calls for civil union laws for same-sex couples | LGBTQ | World News | WION News
Pope supports same-sex civil unions
YouTube › KENS 5: Your San Antonio News Source
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_union_legislation
Legislative efforts to recognise same-sex unions
National level
The first legislation of unregistered cohabitation was introduced in the Netherlands in June 1979. However, the first substantial recognition of same-sex couples didn't occur before the introduction of a new legal form, that of registered partnerships, which was first enacted in Denmark in June 1989. Many countries have followed with similar legislation since then. Legislation of these fo…
National level
The first legislation of unregistered cohabitation was introduced in the Netherlands in June 1979. However, the first substantial recognition of same-sex couples didn't occur before the introduction of a new legal form, that of registered partnerships, which was first enacted in Denmark in June 1989. Many countries have followed with similar legislation since then. Legislation of these forms of legal unions still occur with a variety of different names, even after the introduction of same sex marriage, although sometimes they are overwritten by subsequent legislation of same-sex marriage.

There are currently 14 countries that have an alternative form of legal recognition other than marriage on a national level. Those are Andorra, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Liechtenstein, San Marino, Slovenia and Switzerland.

As of 25 June 2021, legislation to allow an alternative form of legal recognition of same-sex couples other than marriage is pending, or has passed at least one legislative house on a national level in Lithuania, the Philippines, Serbia, and Thailand.

As of 25 June 2021, same-sex marriage has been legal (nationwide or in some parts) in Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Uruguay.

As of 25 June 2021, legislation to allow same-sex marriage is pending, or has passed at least one legislative house on a national level in Andorra, Chile, Cuba, Czechia, and Switzerland.

Notes:

Sub-national level
For status in U.S. states, see Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States

In countries with a federal system of governance, states and territories often may grant recognition to same-sex couples in their own jurisdictions, although unitary states with a level of devolution, such as Spain or the United Kingdom, also offer such legalities to local authorities. The first jurisdiction to enact unregistered cohabitation was British Columbia in Canada in July 1992. The first jurisdiction to legalize registered partnership was Greenland as part of the Kingdom of Denmark in April 1996. Finally, the first sub-national jurisdiction to legalize same-sex marriage was the Canadian province of Ontario in June 2003.

As of 25 June 2021, there are 108 jurisdictions worldwide that have legalized some kind of alternative form of legal union of same-sex couples other than marriage. Those are three prefectures of Japan (Gunma, Ibaraki, and Osaka), eight special wards of Tokyo (Adachi, Bunkyō, Edogawa, Minato, Nakano, Setagaya, Shibuya, and Toshima), 16 designated cities of Japan (Chiba, Fukuoka, Hamamatsu, Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kitakyushu, Kumamoto, Kyoto, Niigata, Okayama, Osaka, Sagamihara, Saitama, Sakai, Sapporo, and Yokohama), 15 core cities of Japan (Akashi, Amagasaki, Hirakata, Kawagoe, Kōchi, Koshigaya, Matsumoto, Miyazaki, Nagasaki, Naha, Nara, Nishinomiya, Takamatsu, Toyohashi, and Yokosuka), five special cities of Japan (Chigasaki, Fuji, Odawara, Takarazuka, and Yamato), 47 cities of Japan (Ageo, Annaka, Ashiya, Daitō, Fuchū, Fujisawa, Gyōda, Higashikagawa, Hirosaki, Honjō (Saitama), Ibusuki, Iga, Ikoma, Inabe, Itami, Kaizuka, Kamakura, Kameoka, Kanuma, Katano, Kawanishi, Kitamoto, Koga (Fukuoka), Koganei, Kokubunji (Tokyo), Kōnosu, Kunitachi, Matsudo, Mitoyo, Miura, Nichinan, Nishio, Nobeoka, Okegawa, Sakado, Sanda, Shibukawa, Sōja, Tenri, Tochigi, Tokushima, Tondabayashi, Toyoake, Urayasu, Usuki, Yamatokōriyama, Yoshinogawa, and Zushi), ten towns of Japan (Hayama, Ina (Saitama), Inagawa, Kijō, Kitajima, Miyoshi, Ōizumi, Shōdoshima, Tadotsu, and Tonoshō), Aruba, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Cayman Islands, a territory of the UK, and the Mexican state of Veracruz.

For the time being, 77 jurisdictions worldwide have legalized same-sex marriage. Those are:
• Forty-five Native American Tribal Nations, namely the Ak-Chin Indian Community, the Bay Mills Indian Community, the Blackfeet Nation, the Blue Lake Rancheria, the Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska, the Cherokee Nation, the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes, the Colorado River Indian Tribes, the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians, the Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians, the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon, the Coquille Indian Tribe, the Eastern Shoshone Tribe, the Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, the Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes, the Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, the Grand Portage Band of Chippewa, the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin, the Iipay Nation of Santa Ysabel, the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community, the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, the Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians, the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, the Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin, the Northern Arapaho Tribe, the Oglala Sioux Tribe, the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin, the Osage Nation, the Pascua Yaqui Tribe, the Pokagon Band of Potawatomi Indians, the Ponca Tribe of Nebraska, the Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe, the Prairie Island Indian Community, the Puyallup Tribe of Indians, the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, the San Carlos Apache Tribe, the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, the Stockbridge-Munsee Community, the Suquamish Tribe, the Tulalip, the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians of North Dakota, the White Mountain Apache Tribe and the Yavapai-Apache Nation.
• Nineteen Mexican federal entities, namely the states of Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, and Tlaxcala, and the City of Mexico.
• As well as the British Overseas Territories of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Bermuda, the British Antarctic Territory, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, the Pitcairn Islands, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and the British Crown dependencies of Guernsey, the Isle of Man and Jersey.

As of 25 June 2021, legislation to allow same-sex marriage is pending or has passed at least one legislative house in the Mexican states of Durango, Guanajuato, México, Querétaro and Veracruz.

Note:
Constitutional efforts to prohibit same-sex unions
Wikipedia · Текст по лицензии CC-BY-SA
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage
Перевести · Same-sex marriage, also known as gay marriage, is the marriage of two people of the same sex or gender, entered into in a civil or religious ceremony.There are records of same-sex marriage dating back to the first century.In the modern era, marriage equality was first granted to same-sex couples in the Netherlands on 1 April 2001.. As of 2021, same-sex …
https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2016/jan/24/a-history-of-same-sex-unions-in...
Перевести · 24.01.2016 · Denmark was the first country in the world to give legal recognition to same-sex couples, who could register as domestic partners from 1989. In the 1990s, various forms of civil unions were...
Which is the only European country that does not recognize same-sex unions?
Which is the only European country that does not recognize same-sex unions?
Italy is the only major western European country that does not recognise any form of same-sex union. However, this could change when the Italian Senate votes on Thursday on a bill which, if passed, would allow for same-sex civil unions for the first time.
www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2016…
Are there any countries where same sex marriage is legal?
Are there any countries where same sex marriage is legal?
In Mexico, some jurisdictions allow same-sex couples to wed, while others do not. Below is a list of countries that have legalized the practice, with the most recent countries to do so shown first. In October 2019, same-sex marriage became legal in Northern Ireland.
www.pewforum.org/fact-sheet/gay-marria…
What is the definition of same sex marriage?
What is the definition of same sex marriage?
Same-sex marriage. Same-sex marriage (also known as gay marriage) is the marriage of two people of the same sex or gender, entered into in a civil or religious ceremony.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage
When did same sex marriage become legal in the US?
When did same sex marriage become legal in the US?
Eleven years after same-sex marriage was first made legal in Massachusetts, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution guarantees it throughout the country.
www.pewforum.org/fact-sheet/gay-marria…
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-Sex_Unions_in_Premodern_Europe
Overview
Summary
Academic reception
Wider reception
Subsequent scholarship
Same-Sex Unions in Pre-Modern Europe is a historical study written by American historian John Boswell and first published by Villard Books in 1994. Then a professor at Yale University, Boswell was a specialist on homosexuality in Christian Europe, having previously authored three books on the subject. It proved to be his final publication, r…
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/marriage-equality-global-comparisons
Перевести · 28.06.2021 · Italy is the largest Western European country where same-sex marriage is not legal; its parliament, however, approved civil unions for same-sex couples in 2016. In 2020, lawmakers in Switzerland ...
https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781526112217/9781526112217.00010.xml
Перевести · 16.05.2016 · This chapter examines same-sex unions (SSU) policy developments in western democracies. It focuses on the question of convergent policy change. After describing the wave of SSU policy adoptions, the chapter traces the development of a soft law norm for same-sex …
https://decodedpast.com/same-sex-unions-in-christian-history
Перевести · 25.02.2014 · There was a tradition in early Christianity of spiritual marriages, which were known among the desert fathers and their female companions, so same sex …
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_unions_in_the_United_States
Перевести · Same-sex unions in the United States are available in various forms in all states and territories, except American Samoa. All states have legal same-sex marriage, while others have the options of civil unions, domestic partnerships, or reciprocal beneficiary relationships. The federal government only recognizes marriage and no other legal union for same-sex couples. Hawaii was the first state to recognize limited legal same-sex unions…
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  Marriage open to same-sex couples (rings: individual cases)
  Legislation or binding domestic court ruling establishing same-sex marriage, but marriage is not yet provided for
  Same-sex marriage recognized when performed in certain other jurisdictions, and accorded greater rights than local same-sex unions (if any)
  Civil unions or domestic partnerships
  Local certification without legal force
  Limited recognition of marriage performed in certain other jurisdictions (residency rights for spouses)
  Country subject to an international court ruling to recognize same-sex marriage
  Same-sex unions not legally recognized
Civil unions and
registered partnerships
Armenia7
Bulgaria8
Cambodia:
  • 50 communes
China9
Cuba10
India:
  • Chandigarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Orissa, Punjab, Uttarakhand11
Japan12
Performed statewide in 20 states and Mexico City, in certain municipalities in three other states, and recognized by all states in such cases.
Performed in the Netherlands proper, including the Caribbean Netherlands. Registered in Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten in such cases, but the rights of marriage are not guaranteed.
Neither performed nor recognized in Niue, Tokelau or the Cook Islands.
Not recognized in Caribbean overseas territories, though marriage-equivalent ordered for the Cayman Islands.
Neither performed nor recognized in American Samoa or some tribal nations.
Cohabitation. Registered foreign marriages confer limited rights. Marriage recognized in Tel Aviv.
Degree of recognition unknown. No actual cases to date.
The Coman v. Romania ruling of the European Court of Justice obliges the state to provide residency rights for the foreign spouses of EU citizens.
Legal guardianships (nationwide, except Hong Kong and Macau), residency rights for foreign spouses of legal residents (Hong Kong).
Recognition of foreign marriage for parental rights
Unregistered cohabitation or maitri Karar–type contractual relationships
In addition, some cities have issued certificates for same-sex couples, but they are not legally binding.
Foreign same-sex spouses are eligible for a "Non-Tourist Visa" as a dependent
Limited to spouses of foreign diplomatic officials.
* Not yet in effect or automatic deadline set by judicial body for same-sex marriage to become legal

Whether same-sex couples should be allowed to marry has been and remains the topic of debate worldwide. 32 countries and four jurisdictions worldwide have passed constitutional amendments that explicitly prohibit the legal recognition of same-sex marriage and sometimes other forms of legal unions as well.[1] 15 countries and 34 jurisdictions worldwide have authorized civil unions or unregistered cohabitation for same-sex couples as an alternative to marriage. The legal name of those unions as well as the number of rights that they provide can vary greatly.
The first legislation of unregistered cohabitation was introduced in the Netherlands in June 1979.[2][3] However, the first substantial recognition of same-sex couples didn't occur before the introduction of a new legal form, that of registered partnerships, which was first enacted in Denmark in June 1989.[4] Many countries have followed with similar legislation since then. Legislation of these forms of legal unions still occur with a variety of different names, even after the introduction of same sex marriage, although sometimes they are overwritten by subsequent legislation of same-sex marriage.
There are currently 14 countries that have an alternative form of legal recognition other than marriage on a national level. Those are Andorra, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Liechtenstein, San Marino, Slovenia and Switzerland.
As of 5 July 2021, legislation to allow an alternative form of legal recognition of same-sex couples other than marriage is pending, or has passed at least one legislative house on a national level in Lithuania, the Philippines, Serbia, and Thailand.
As of 5 July 2021, legislation to allow same-sex marriage is pending, or has passed at least one legislative house on a national level in Andorra, Chile, Cuba, Czechia, and Switzerland.
Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)[2][3]
Unregistered cohabitation (expansion)[2][3]
Registered partnership (expansion)[22]
Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[23]
Civil solidarity pact and concubinage[24]
Confirmed cohabitation (expansion: adoption and immigration rights)[29]
Registered partnership (expansion)[10][32]
Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[38][39]
Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[42]
Registered partnership (expansion)[44]
Registered partnership (expansion)[45]
Registered partnership (expansion)[46]
Registered partnership (expansion)[47]
Registered life partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[53]
De facto relationship (expansion)[56]
Civil union and de facto relationship (expansion)[61][62]
Registered partnership (expansion)[63]
Marriage (expansion: adoption rights)[70][71]
Marriage (expansion: medically assisted reproduction)[72]
Registered partnership (expansion)[73]
Confirmed cohabitation (expansion)[74][75]
Civil solidarity pact (expansion)[76]
De facto union (expansion: immigration rights)[78]
Registered partnership (expansion)[79][80]
Marriage (expansion: automatic co-parenthood)[72]
Confirmed cohabitation (expansion)[85][86]
Recognition of unions performed abroad as PACS[95]
Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[96]
Registered partnership (expansion)[97]
De facto union (expansion: inheritance rights)[98]
Cohabitation union (expansion: adoption rights)[99][100]
Registered partnership (expansion: adoption rights)[107]
De facto union (expansion: inheritance rights)[115][116]
Reg
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History of same-sex unions - Wikipedia
Same-sex union legislation - Wikipedia
Same-sex marriage - Wikipedia
Same-Sex Unions in Pre-Modern Europe - Wikipedia
Same-sex unions in: The same-sex unions revolution in ...
Same Sex Unions in Christian History
Same-sex unions in the United States - Wikipedia
Same Sex Unions In World