Peganum harmala, Пеганум гармала

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Peganum harmala , commonly called esfand , \\\\\\\\\\\\\[3\\\\\\\\\\\\\] wild rue , \\\\\\\\\\\\\[1\\\\\\\\\\\\\] Syrian rue , \\\\\\\\\\\\\[1\\\\\\\\\\\\\] African rue , \\\\\\\\\\\\\[1\\\\\\\\\\\\\] harmel , \\\\\\\\\\\\\[1\\\\\\\\\\\\\] or aspand \\\\\\\\\\\\\[4\\\\\\\\\\\\\] among other similar pronunciations and spellings , is a plant of the family Nitrariaceae. Its common English-language name came about because of a resemblance to rue which is not related. It is a perennial plant which can grow to about 0. It was first planted in the United States in in New Mexico by a farmer wanting to manufacture the dye ' Persian red ' from its seeds. In Turkey, dried capsules from this plant are strung and hung in homes or vehicles to protect against 'the evil eye '. In Iran and Afghanistan , as well as some countries in the Middle East, including Azerbaijan , Syria , Iraq , and Jordan , dried capsules mixed with other ingredients are placed onto red hot charcoal , where they explode with little popping noises in a way similar to American popcorn. When they burst a fragrant smoke is released. This smoke is wafted around the head of those afflicted by or exposed to the gaze of strangers while a specific prayer is recited. This tradition is still followed by members of many religions, including Christians, Muslims, and some Jews. Shah Naqshband was the eponymous founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi Order. The prayer is often mistaken to be from a Zoroastrian king, however this is erroneous as there is no historic figure named Shah Naqshband other than the Naqshbandi founder and the prayer Bi Haq Shah Naqshband is commonly used by Naqshbandis. In Yemen , the Jewish custom of old was to bleach wheaten flour on Passover , in order to produce a clean and white unleavened bread. This was done by spreading whole wheat kernels upon a floor, and then spreading stratified layers of African rue Peganum harmala leaves upon the wheat kernels; a layer of wheat followed by a layer of Wild rue, which process was repeated until all wheat had been covered over with the astringent leaves of this plant. The wheat was left in this state for a few days, until the outer kernels of the wheat were bleached by the astringent vapors emitted by the Wild rue. Afterwards, the wheat was taken up and sifted, to rid them of the residue of leaves. They were then ground into flour, which left a clean and white batch of flour. Peganum harmala has been used to treat pain and to treat skin inflammations, including skin cancers. Peganum harmala has been used as an emmenagogue and abortifacient agent. The 'root is applied to kill lice ' and when burned, the seeds kill insects and inhibit the reproduction of the Tribolium castaneum beetle. It is also used as an anthelmintic to expel parasitic worms. Reportedly, the ancient Greeks used the powdered seeds to get rid of tapeworms and to treat recurring fevers possibly malaria. A red dye, 'Turkey red', \\\\\\\\\\\\\[19\\\\\\\\\\\\\] from the seeds but usually obtained from madder is often used in western Asia to dye carpets. It is also used to dye wool. When the seeds are extracted with water, a yellow fluorescent dye is obtained. Some scholars identify harmal with the entheogenic haoma of pre- Zoroastrian Persian religions. Several scientific laboratories have studied possible uses for Peganum harmala through studies in laboratory animals in vivo and in cells in vitro. In very large quantities dosages exceeding those commonly used for medicinal, therapeutic, or spiritual purposes , it can reduce spermatogenesis and male fertility in rats. Peganum harmala has been shown to have antibacterial and anti-protozoal activity, \\\\\\\\\\\\\[23\\\\\\\\\\\\\] including antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacteria. One of the compounds found in P. Another alkaloid, harmine , found in P. A small study in sheep infected with the protozoal Theileria hirci found Peganum harmala extract to be an effective treatment. Further mechanistic studies indicate that beta-carboline derivatives inhibit DNA topoisomerases and interfere with DNA synthesis. Peganum harmala has antioxidant and antimutagenic properties. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about a plant. For a town in Lebanon, see Hermel. A Working List of all Plant Species'. Lucky Mojo dot com. Aunty Flo dot com herb-dictionary. Brill, , University of Nevada, Reno. Archived from the original on 19 February I, responsum , Jerusalem ; ibid. J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci. Herbs Cultivation and Medicinal Uses. National Institute Of Industrial Research. Archived from the original on 7 February Antimicrobial agents from Peganum harmala seeds'. Retrieved from ' https: Anthelmintics Antidepressants Entheogens Herbal and fungal hallucinogens Medicinal plants of Asia Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Plant toxin insecticides Psychedelic tryptamine carriers Nitrariaceae Oneirogens Plants described in Views Read Edit View history. In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikispecies. This page was last edited on 11 October , at By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peganum harmala.

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