Незамещенный бензальдегид

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Незамещенный бензальдегид

Benzaldehyde C 6 H 5 CHO is an organic compound consisting of a benzene ring with a formyl substituent. It is the simplest aromatic aldehyde and one of the most industrially useful. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic almond -like odor. The primary component of bitter almond oil, benzaldehyde can be extracted from a number of other natural sources. As of , tonnes of synthetic and tonnes of natural benzaldehyde were produced annually. Numerous other methods have been developed, such as the partial oxidation of benzyl alcohol , alkali hydrolysis of benzal chloride , and the carbonylation of benzene. A significant quantity of natural benzaldehyde is produced from cinnamaldehyde obtained from cassia oil by the retro- aldol reaction: This reaction also yields acetaldehyde. The natural status of benzaldehyde obtained in this way is controversial. Benzaldehyde and similar chemicals occur naturally in many foods. Most of the benzaldehyde that people eat is from natural plant foods, such as almonds. Almonds, apricots , apples , and cherry kernels contain significant amounts of amygdalin. This glycoside breaks up under enzyme catalysis into benzaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide and two equivalents of glucose. Benzaldehyde contributes to the scent of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus. Benzaldehyde can be oxidized to benzoic acid , which is a common impurity in laboratory samples. Since the boiling point of benzoic acid is much higher than that of benzaldehyde, it may be purified by distillation. Benzyl alcohol can be formed from benzaldehyde by means of hydrogenation. Reaction of benzaldehyde with anhydrous sodium acetate and acetic anhydride yields cinnamic acid , while alcoholic potassium cyanide can be used to catalyze the condensation of benzaldehyde to benzoin. Benzaldehyde undergoes disproportionation upon treatment with concentrated alkali Cannizzaro reaction: With diols, including many sugars, benzaldehyde condenses to form benzylidene acetals. Benzaldehyde is commonly employed to confer almond flavor to foods and scented products. It is sometimes used in cosmetics products. In industrial settings, benzaldehyde is used chiefly as a precursor to other organic compounds, ranging from pharmaceuticals to plastic additives. The aniline dye malachite green is prepared from benzaldehyde and dimethylaniline. Benzaldehyde is also a precursor to certain acridine dyes. Via aldol condensations , benzaldehyde is converted into derivatives of cinnamaldehyde and styrene. The synthesis of mandelic acid starts with the addition of hydrocyanic acid to benzaldehyde:. The resulting cyanohydrin is hydrolysed to mandelic acid. The scheme above depicts only one of the two formed enantiomers. Benzaldehyde is used as a bee repellent. The bees then move away from the honey combs to avoid the fumes. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Benzenecarboxaldehyde Phenylmethanal Benzoic aldehyde. Interactive image Interactive image. Refractive index n D. LD 50 median dose. The Royal Society of Chemistry. Retrieved 21 August Patent 1,, 'Process of treating nut kernels to produce food ingredients'. However, the memoir was largely ignored until an extract was published in Patent 4,, Process for preparing natural benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde, natural benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde compositions, products produced thereby and organoleptic utilities therefor. Food and Chemical Toxicology. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. International Journal of Toxicology. Why Do Bees Buzz?: Why Do Bees Buzz? Fascinating Answers to Questions about Bees. Honey Production, Pollination, Bee Health. Retrieved from ' https: Flavors Benzaldehydes Solvents Phenyl compounds. Views Read Edit View history. In other projects Wikimedia Commons. This page was last edited on 9 August , at By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Other names Benzenecarboxaldehyde Phenylmethanal Benzoic aldehyde. Lethal dose or concentration LD , LC:. Benzyl alcohol Benzoic acid. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Benzaldehyde.

Незамещенный бензальдегид

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