Moldova
MoldovaМолдова — Россия может помочь Приднестровью, напомнив Додону, чем он ей обязан, В двух городах Молдавии ввели карантин.
Американцы забрали медицинские маски, предназначавшиеся для Германии. Игорь Додон. Спикер молдавского парламента обсудила с американскими послом борьбу с коронавирусом Читать. В Молдавии надеются, что пандемия поспособствует сближению с Приднестровьем Читать. Помогите материально — прозападным политикам Молдовы предложили не играть на трагедии граждан Читать. Президентские выборы в Молдавии — не приоритет. Игорь Додон Спикер молдавского парламента обсудила с американскими послом борьбу с коронавирусом В Молдавии надеются, что пандемия поспособствует сближению с Приднестровьем Помогите материально — прозападным политикам Молдовы предложили не играть на трагедии граждан Пощечина ЕС и тесты из Москвы: извлекают ли граждане Молдавии уроки из того, что происходит, сидя на карантине? Пандемия коронавируса: в Кишиневе поблагодарили Москву за гуманитарную помощь На молдавской границе задержан соратник сбежавшего олигарха Плахотнюка Молдавские социалисты отказываются от бюджетных денег в пользу борьбы с коронвирусом Глава молдавского парламента встретилась с послом Белоруссии перед его отъездом в Минск Россия и Китай помогут Молдавии победить коронавирус Плахотнюк находится в США, несмотря на санкции, его готовят к депортации в Кишинев Бывший молдавский президент подтвердил причастность Порошенко к махинациям с ТЦ Gemenii. Кишинёв вновь ускользнул на Запад Депутат от ДПМ: мы рассчитываем на кресло премьера Показать ещё.
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Граждан Молдовы вывезут на родину чартерными рейсами. Граждане Молдовы смогут вернуться домой. Власти страны организуют чартерные рейсы. МИР 24 30 марта в В Молдавии перестали записывать первоклассников в школу. Набор детей в первые классы приостановят в Молдавии в связи с чрезвычайным режимом в стране, 30 марта заявило министерство образования, культуры и исследований региона на официальной странице в Facebook. ИА Красная Весна Общество.
Молда́вия (молд. Moldova), официальное название — Респу́блика Молдо́ва (молд. и рум. Republica Moldova) — государство в Юго-Восточной Европе. Граничит с Украиной и Румынией.. Площадь территории — 33 км², однако, де-факто около 12,3 % территории (непризнанная Приднестровская Молдавская Республика) не контролируется молдавскими властями.
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Most of the Moldovan territory was a part of the Principality of Moldavia from the 14th century until , when it was ceded to the Russian Empire by the Ottoman Empire to which Moldavia was a vassal state and became known as Bessarabia. In , southern Bessarabia was returned to Moldavia, which three years later united with Wallachia to form Romania , but Russian rule was restored over the whole of the region in During the Russian Revolution , Bessarabia briefly became an autonomous state within the Russian Republic , known as the Moldavian Democratic Republic. In February , the Moldavian Democratic Republic declared independence and then integrated into Romania later that year following a vote of its assembly. The strip of the Moldovan territory on the east bank of the Dniester has been under the de facto control of the breakaway government of Transnistria since Its economy is the poorest in Europe in per capita terms \\\[15\\\] and has the lowest Human Development Index in the continent. Moldova is a parliamentary republic with a president as head of state and a prime minister as head of government. The name Moldova is derived from the Moldova River ; the valley of this river served as a political centre at the time of the foundation of the Principality of Moldavia in For a short time in the s, at the founding of the Commonwealth of Independent States , the name of the current Republic of Moldova was also spelled Moldava. Officially, the name Republic of Moldova is designated by the United Nations. The prehistory of Moldova covers the period from the Upper Paleolithic which begins with the presence of Homo sapiens in the area of Southeastern Europe some 44, years ago and extends into the appearance of the first written records in Classical Antiquity in Greece. In N. Anisjutkin discovered Oldowan flint tools at Bayraki that are ,—1. The people of this civilization, which lasted roughly from to BC, practised agriculture, raised livestock, hunted, and made intricately-designed pottery. Between the 1st and 7th centuries AD, the south came intermittently under the control of the Roman and then the Byzantine Empires. Due to its strategic location on a route between Asia and Europe, the territory of modern Moldova experienced many invasions in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages , including by Goths , Huns , Avars , Bulgarians , Magyars , Pechenegs , Cumans , Mongols and Tatars. The chronicle records that this land bordered on the principalities of Halych , Volhynia and Kiev. Archaeological research has identified the location of 13th-century fortified settlements in this region. Alexandru V. On the border between Halych and the Brodniks, in the 11th century, a Viking by the name of Rodfos was killed in the area by Vlachs who supposedly betrayed him. Its territory comprised the present-day territory of the Republic of Moldova, the eastern eight counties of Romania, and parts of the Chernivtsi Oblast and Budjak region of Ukraine. The history of what is today Moldova has been intertwined with that of Poland for centuries. Crossing the Carpathian mountains in , the voivode took control of Moldavia and succeeded in creating Moldavia as an independent political entity. Petru I profited from the end of the Polish-Hungarian union and moved the country closer to the Jagiellon realm , becoming a vassal of king Jogaila of Poland on September 26, This gesture was to have unexpected consequences: Petru supplied the Polish ruler with funds needed in the war against the Teutonic Knights , and was granted control over Pokuttya until the debt was to be repaid; as this is not recorded to have been carried out, the region became disputed by the two states, until it was lost by Moldavia in the Battle of Obertyn Prince Petru also expanded his rule southwards to the Danube Delta. Although Alexander I was brought to the throne in by the Hungarians with assistance from Mircea I of Wallachia , this ruler shifted his allegiances towards Poland notably engaging Moldavian forces on the Polish side in the Battle of Grunwald and the Siege of Marienburg , and placed his own choice of rulers in Wallachia. During this time, Moldavia was invaded repeatedly by Crimean Tatars and, beginning in the 15th century, by the Turks. In , the principality became a tributary to the Ottoman Empire , but it retained internal and partial external autonomy. Moldavia finally returned to Ottoman vassalage in While the region of Transnistria was never politically part of the Principality of Moldavia, there were sizable areas which were owned by Moldavian boyars and given by the Moldavian rulers. The earliest surviving deeds referring to lands beyond the Dniester river date from the 16th century. In accordance with the Treaty of Bucharest of , and despite numerous protests by Moldavian nobles on behalf of the sovereignty of their principality, the Ottoman Empire of which Moldavia was a vassal ceded to the Russian Empire the eastern half of the territory of the Principality of Moldavia along with Khotyn and old Bessarabia modern Budjak , which Russia had already conquered and annexed. The new Russian province was called Oblast of Moldavia and Bessarabia , and initially enjoyed a large degree of autonomy. After this autonomy was progressively restricted and in the Oblast was transformed into the Bessarabia Governorate, in a process of state-imposed assimilation , Russification. As part of this process, the Tsarist administration in Bessarabia gradually removed the Romanian language from official and religious use. The Treaty of Paris returned the southern part of Bessarabia later organised as the Cahul , Bolgrad and Ismail counties to Moldavia, which remained an autonomous principality and, in , united with Wallachia to form Romania. In , as a result of the Treaty of Berlin , Romania was forced to cede the three counties back to the Russian Empire. Over the 19th century, the Russian authorities encouraged the colonization of Bessarabia by Romanians , Russians , Ukrainians , Germans , Bulgarians , and Gagauzes , primarily in the northern and southern areas vacated by Turks and Nogai Tatar , the latter having been expelled in the s and s, during Russo-Turkish Wars ; \\\[36\\\] \\\[37\\\] \\\[38\\\] \\\[39\\\] the inclusion of the province in the Pale of Settlement also allowed the immigration of more Jews. The union was conditional upon fulfilment of the agrarian reform , autonomy, and respect for universal human rights. This union was recognized by the principal Allied Powers in the Treaty of Paris , which however was not ratified by all of its signatories. In August , the Molotov—Ribbentrop Pact and its secret additional protocol were signed, by which Nazi Germany recognized Bessarabia as being within the Soviet sphere of influence , which led the latter to actively revive its claim to the region. Ethnic Germans left in As part of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union , Romania regained the territories of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, and seized a territory which became known as Transnistria Governorate. Romanian forces, working with the Germans, deported or massacred about , Jews, including , from Bessarabia and Bukovina. Of the latter, approximately 90, died. During the periods — and —, deportations of locals to the northern Urals , to Siberia , and northern Kazakhstan occurred regularly, with the largest ones on 12—13 June , and 5—6 July , accounting from MSSR alone for 18, \\\[b\\\] and 35, deportees respectively. In , as a result of a severe drought and excessive delivery quota obligations and requisitions imposed by the Soviet government, the southwestern part of the USSR suffered from a major famine. In the postwar period, the Soviet government organized the immigration of working age Russian speakers mostly Russians, Belarusians , and Ukrainians , into the new Soviet republic, especially into urbanized areas, partly to compensate for the demographic loss caused by the war and the emigration of and The Soviet government conducted a campaign to promote a Moldovan ethnic identity distinct from that of the Romanians, based on a theory developed during the existence of the Moldavian ASSR. Official Soviet policy asserted that the language spoken by Moldovans was distinct from the Romanian language see Moldovenism. To distinguish the two, during the Soviet period, Moldovan was written in the Cyrillic alphabet , in contrast with Romanian, which since had been written in the Latin alphabet. All independent organizations were severely reprimanded, with the National Patriotic Front leaders being sentenced in to long prison terms. In the s, amid political conditions created by the glasnost and perestroika , a Democratic Movement of Moldova was formed, which in became known as the nationalist Popular Front of Moldova FPM. The assembly pressured the authorities of the Moldavian SSR to adopt a language law on 31 August that proclaimed the Moldovan language written in the Latin script to be the state language of the MSSR. Its identity with the Romanian language was also established. The first democratic elections for the local parliament were held in February and March On 23 June , the Parliament adopted the Declaration of Sovereignty of the 'Soviet Socialist Republic Moldova', which, among other things, stipulated the supremacy of Moldovan laws over those of the Soviet Union. Moldova received official recognition on 25 December. On 26 December , the Soviet Union ceased to exist. Declaring itself a neutral state , Moldova did not join the military branch of the CIS. Three months later, on 2 March , the country gained formal recognition as an independent state at the United Nations. In the winter of — clashes occurred between Transnistrian forces, supported by elements of the 14th Army , and the Moldovan police. Between 2 March and 26 July , the conflict escalated into a military engagement. On 2 January , Moldova introduced a market economy , liberalizing prices, which resulted in rapid inflation. From to , the country suffered a serious economic crisis, leaving most of the population below the poverty line. In , the government introduced a new national currency, the Moldovan leu , to replace the temporary cupon. In the parliamentary elections , the Democratic Agrarian Party gained a majority of the seats, setting a turning point in Moldovan politics. With the nationalist Popular Front now in a parliamentary minority, new measures aiming to moderate the ethnic tensions in the country could be adopted. Plans for a union with Romania were abandoned, \\\[63\\\] and the new Constitution gave autonomy to the breakaway Transnistria and Gagauzia. In , the Constitution was amended, transforming Moldova into a parliamentary republic , with the president being chosen through indirect election rather than direct popular vote. Winning The country became the first post-Soviet state where a non-reformed Communist Party returned to power. In — relations between Moldova and Russia improved, but then temporarily deteriorated in —, in the wake of the failure of the Kozak memorandum , culminating in the wine exports crisis. The Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova managed to stay in power for eight years. The fragmentation of the liberal bloc helped consolidate its power. In the April parliamentary elections , the Communist Party won The controversial results of this election sparked civil unrest \\\[69\\\] \\\[70\\\] \\\[71\\\]. On 28 August , this coalition chose a new parliament speaker Mihai Ghimpu in a vote that was boycotted by Communist legislators. Vladimir Voronin , who had been President of Moldova since , eventually resigned on 11 September , but the Parliament failed to elect a new president. The acting president Mihai Ghimpu instituted the Commission for constitutional reform in Moldova to adopt a new version of the Constitution of Moldova. After the constitutional referendum aimed to approve the reform failed in September , \\\[72\\\] the parliament was dissolved again and a new parliamentary election was scheduled for 28 November Investigations into activities at these three banks uncovered a large-scale fraud by means of fraudulent loans to business entities controlled by a Moldovan-Israeli business oligarch , Ilan Shor , of funds worth about 1 billion U. Following a period of political instability and massive public protests, a new Government led by Pavel Filip was invested in January In the December presidential election , Socialist, pro-Russian Igor Dodon was elected as the new president of the republic. In , from 7 June to 15 June, the Moldovan government went through a period of dual power in what is known as the Moldovan constitutional crisis. According to Moldovan constitutional law, the president may call snap elections if no government is formed after 3 months. The new coalition and Igor Dodon argued that the president may call snap elections after consulting the parliament but is not obligated. Additionally, because the election results were verified on 9 March, 3 months should be interpreted as 3 calendar months, not 90 days as was the case. The former prime minister, Pavel Filip from the Democratic Party, said that new parliamentary elections will be held on 6 September and refused to recognize the new coalition, calling it an illegal government. After a week of dual government meetings, some protest, and the international community mostly supporting the new government coalition, Pavel Filip stepped down as prime minister but still called for new elections. In March , because of the global coronavirus outbreak , the government called a 'national red code alert' as the number of coronavirus cases in the country rose to six on 13 March. Government 'banned all gatherings of over 50 people until 1 April and closed all schools and kindergartens in an attempt to curb the spread of the virus'. Moldova reported 29 cases of the disease on 17 March. Moldova is a unitary parliamentary representative democratic republic. The Constitution of Moldova sets the framework for the government of the country. A parliamentary majority of at least two-thirds is required to amend the Constitution of Moldova , which cannot be revised in time of war or national emergency. Furthermore, no revision can be made to limit the fundamental rights of people enumerated in the Constitution. The head of state is the President of Moldova, who between and was elected by the Moldovan Parliament, requiring the support of three-fifths of the deputies at least 61 votes. The president of Moldova has been elected by the parliament since , a change designed to decrease executive authority in favour of the legislature. Nevertheless, the Constitutional Court ruled on 4 March , that this constitutional change adopted in regarding the presidential election was unconstitutional, \\\[88\\\] thus reverting the election method of the President to a two-round system direct election. The president appoints a prime minister who functions as the head of government , and who in turn assembles a cabinet , both subject to parliamentary approval. The constitution also establishes an independent Constitutional Court , composed of six judges two appointed by the President, two by Parliament, and two by the Supreme Council of Magistrature , serving six-year terms, during which they are irremovable and not subordinate to any power. The Court is invested with the power of judicial review over all acts of the parliament, over presidential decrees, and over international treaties, signed by the country. On 19 December , Moldovan MPs approved raising the retirement age to 63 years \\\[89\\\] from the current level of 57 for women and 62 for men, a reform that is part of a 3-year-old assistance program agreed with the International Monetary Fund. The retirement age will be lifted gradually by a few months every year until coming fully into effect in In a country with a population of 3. In the country was admitted to the Council of Europe. In , Moldova and the EU established an action plan that sought to improve collaboration between its two neighbouring countries, Romania and Ukraine. After the — War of Transnistria , Moldova sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region by working with Romania, Ukraine, and Russia, calling for international mediation, and co-operating with the OSCE and UN fact-finding and observer missions. The foreign minister of Moldova , Andrei Stratan , repeatedly stated that the Russian troops stationed in the breakaway region were there against the will of the Moldovan government and called on them to leave 'completely and unconditionally'. The signing comes after the accord has been initialed in Vilnius in November It can be said that religious leaders play a role in shaping foreign policy. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, the Russian Government has frequently used its connections with the Russian Orthodox Church to block and stymie the integration of former Soviet states like Moldova into the West. Moldova has accepted all relevant arms control obligations of the former Soviet Union. On 30 October , Moldova ratified the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe , which establishes comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment and provides for the destruction of weapons in excess of those limits. It does not have nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological weapons. Moldova signed a military agreement with Romania to strengthen regional security. According to Amnesty International , as of 'Torture and other ill-treatment in police detention remained widespread; the state failed to carry out prompt and impartial investigations and police officers sometimes evaded penalties. According to Human Rights Report of the United States Department of State , released in April , 'In contrast to the previous year, there were no reports of killings by security forces. During the year reports of government exercising undue influence over the media substantially decreased. Moldova is divided into 32 districts raioane , singular raion , three municipalities and two autonomous regions Gagauzia and Transnistria. Moldova has 66 cities towns , including 13 with municipality status, and communes. Another villages are too small to have a separate administration and are administratively part of either cities 41 of them or communes This makes for a total of 1, localities in Moldova, two of which are uninhabited. The largest part of the nation lies between two rivers, the Dniester and the Prut. The western border of Moldova is formed by the Prut river, which joins the Danube before flowing into the Black Sea. The country is landlocked, though it is close to the Black Sea. In the south, the country has a small flatland, the Bugeac Plain. The territory of Moldova east of the river Dniester is split between parts of the Podolian Plateau , and parts of the Eurasian Steppe. Comrat is the administrative centre of Gagauzia. Moldova has a climate which is moderately continental; its proximity to the Black Sea leads to the climate being mildly cold in the autumn and winter and relatively cool in the spring and summer. The heaviest rainfall occurs in early summer and again in October; heavy showers and thunderstorms are common. Because of the irregular terrain, heavy summer rains often cause erosion and river silting. The highest temperature ever recorded in Moldova was After the breakup from the USSR in , energy shortages, political uncertainty, trade obstacles and weak administrative capacity contributed to the decline of economy. As a part of an ambitious economic liberalization effort, Moldova introduced a convertible currency, liberalized all prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises, backed steady land privatization, removed export controls, and liberalized interest rates. The government entered into agreements with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund to promote growth. Although estimates point to possible modest overvaluation of the real exchange rate, external competitiveness appears broadly adequate as reflected in strong sustained export performance. Main risks to the near-term outlook relate to serious vulnerabilities and governance issues in the banking sector, policy slippages in the run up to the elections, intensification of geopolitical tensions in the region, and a further slowdown in activity in main trading partners. Moldova remains highly vulnerable to fluctuations in remittances from workers abroad 24 percent of GDP , exports to the Commonwealth of Independent States CIS and European Union EU 88 per cent of total exports , and donor support about 10 per cent of government spending. The main transmission channels through which adverse exogenous shocks could impact the Moldovan economy are: remittances also due to potentially returning migrants , external trade, and capital flows. The economy recovered from the drought-related contraction in The gross average monthly salary in the Republic of Moldova has registered a steady positive growth after , being lei or euros in Corporate governance in the banking sector is a major concern. In line with FSAP recommendations, significant weaknesses in the legal and regulatory frameworks must be urgently addressed to ensure stability and soundness of the financial sector. Moldova has achieved a substantial degree of fiscal consolidation in recent years, but this trend is now reversing. Resisting pre-election pressures for selective spending increases and returning to the path of fiscal consolidation would reduce reliance on exceptionally-high donor support. Structural fiscal reforms would help safeguard sustainability. The implementation of structural reforms outlined in the National Development Strategy NDS Moldova —especially in the business environment, physical infrastructure, and human resources development areas—would help boost potential growth and reduce poverty. Economic activity grew cumulatively by about 24 percent; consumer price inflation was brought under control; and real wages increased cumulatively by about 13 percent. This expansion was made possible by adequate macroeconomic stabilization measures and ambitious structural reforms implemented in the wake of the crisis under a Fund-supported program. A political crisis in early led to policy slippages in the fiscal and financial areas. Despite a sharp decline in poverty in recent years, Moldova remains one of the poorest countries in Europe and structural reforms are needed to promote sustainable growth. The NDS—Moldova National Development System , which was published in November , focuses on several critical areas to boost economic development and reduce poverty. These include education, infrastructure, financial sector, business climate, energy consumption, pension system, and judicial framework. Following the regional financial crisis in , Moldova has made significant progress towards achieving and retaining macroeconomic and financial stabilization. It has, furthermore, implemented many structural and institutional reforms that are indispensable for the efficient functioning of a market economy. With few natural energy resources, Moldova imports almost all of its energy supplies from Russia and Ukraine. The country has a well-established wine industry. Many families have their own recipes and grape varieties that have been passed down through the generations. In agriculture, the economic reform started with the land cadastre reform. The first million mobile telephone users were registered in September The number of mobile telephone users in Moldova increased by In September , Moldova was the first country in the world to launch high-definition voice services HD voice for mobile phones, and the first country in Europe to launch As of \\\[update\\\] , there are around 1,, Internet users in Moldova with overall Internet penetration of Under the variant Moldavians , the term may also be used to refer to all inhabitants of the territory of historical Principality of Moldavia , currently divided among Romania In Romania, the inhabitants from the Republic of Moldova are colloquially called 'Bessarabians' basarabeni after the Bessarabia region , in order to be distinguished from the inhabitants of the Romanian Moldavia region who also generally refer to themselves or are referred to by the inhabitants of the other Romanian regions as 'Moldavians' moldoveni , but declare Romanian ethnicity. According to the census preliminary data, 2,, inhabitants lived in Moldova within the areas controlled by the central government , an According to the last census in Transnistria October , the population of the region was ,, a The urbanization rate was The Declaration of Independence names the official language Romanian. In , the Constitutional Court of Moldova ruled that the name 'Romanian', as used in the Declaration of Independence to identify the official language, prevails over the name 'Moldovan', given in Article 13 of the Constitution. At the census which did not include data from the Transnistrian region , Although only 4. Historically Russian was taught in schools as the first foreign language, because of the relationship with the Russian Empire and Soviet Union. In the 21st century, the primary foreign language taught in the schools is English. Since , the Republic of Moldova has been a full member of La Francophonie. German was the third-ranked choice. For the census, Orthodox Christians , who make up More than 2. There are 16 state and 15 \\\[\\\] private institutions of higher education in Moldova, with a total of , students, including , in the state institutions and 21, in the private ones. The number of students per 10, inhabitants in Moldova has been constantly growing since the collapse of the Soviet Union, reaching in —, and in — The National Library of Moldova was founded in The Moldova State University and the Academy of Sciences of Moldova , the main scientific organizations of Moldova, were established in As of \\\[update\\\] , Romania allocates 5, scholarships in high schools and universities for Moldovan students. The total fertility rate TFR in Moldova was estimated in at 1. In , the average age of women at first birth was Public expenditure on health was 4. Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, the country has seen a decrease in spending on health care and, as a result, the tuberculosis incidence rate in the country has grown. The culture has been also influenced by the Byzantine culture, the neighbouring Magyar and Slavic populations, and later by the Ottoman Turks. A strong Western European influence in Moldovan literature and arts was prevalent in the 19th century. During the periods and —89, Moldovans were influenced by Russian and Soviet administrative control as well and by ethnic Russian immigration. In the 19th century, Moldavians from the territories of the medieval Principality of Moldavia , divided into Bessarabia , Bukovina , and Western Moldavia after , Romania , made a significant contribution to the formation of the modern Romanian culture. The country has also important minority ethnic communities. Gagauz, 4. Greeks , Armenians , Poles , Ukrainians, although not numerous, were present since as early as the 17th century, and had left cultural marks. The 19th century saw the arrival of many more Ukrainians from Podolia and Galicia , as well as new communities, such as Lipovans , Bulgarians , and Germans. Television in Moldova was introduced in April , within the framework of Soviet television. Through cable, Moldovan viewers can receive a large number of Russian channels , a few Romanian channels , and several Russian language versions of international channels in addition to several local channels. Moldovan cuisine is similar to neighbouring Romania , and has been influenced by elements of Russian , Turkish , and Ukrainian cuisine. Main dishes include beef , pork , potatoes , cabbage , and a variety of cereals. Popular alcoholic beverages are divin Moldovan brandy , beer , and local wine. Total recorded adult alcohol consumption is approximately evenly split between spirits, beer and wine. In the field of pop music, Moldova has produced the band O-Zone , who came to prominence in , with their hit song ' Dragostea Din Tei ', which topped multiple notable single charts. Moldova has been participating in the Eurovision Song Contest since Natalia squeezed into the final by a very small margin. She took 10th place with points. Their performance gained international notoriety as an internet meme due to the pelvic thrusting and dancing of Sergey Stepanov, the band saxophonist. He has been fittingly dubbed ' Epic Sax Guy '. The song received a lot of airplay and reached number one place on the charts in Moldova as well as Russia. The group is still active and released their latest album in The theme of the musical group is 'Anonymous' as they perform with painted faces, hoodies and sunglasses. The identity of the group members is still unknown. Christmas is celebrated either on 7 January, the traditional date in Old Calendarists Eastern Orthodox Churches , or on 25 December, with both dates being recognized as public holidays. Association football is the most popular team sport. Rugby union is popular as well. More than 10, supporters turn out for home internationals. Since , playing numbers at all levels have more than doubled to 3, Despite the hardships and deprivations the national team are ranked 34th in the world. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the modern state. For the historical principality, see Moldavia. For other uses, see Moldova disambiguation. Republic in Eastern Europe. Coat of arms. Location of Moldova green and Transnistria light green in Europe. Bulgarian Gagauz Ukrainian. Website www. As determined by the Moldovan Declaration of Independence , which the Constitutional court of Moldova found to take precedence over Article 13 of the Constitution , which uses the name ' Moldovan '. Main article: Names of Moldavia and Moldova. Main article: History of Moldova. See also: History of Transnistria. Main article: Founding of Moldavia. Built during the reign of Stephen the Great pictured above , several authors believed the Soroca Fort was constructed on the site of a former Genoese fortress named Olhionia. Main article: Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic. Igor Dodon President of Moldova. Ion Chicu Prime Minister of Moldova. Main article: Politics of Moldova. Main article: Military of Moldova. Main article: Human rights in Moldova. Anenii Noi. Main article: Geography of Moldova. Main article: Economy of Moldova. See also: Tourism in Moldova. This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience. October Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Energy in Moldova. Main article: Moldovan wine. Main article: Agriculture in Moldova. Main articles: Transport in Moldova and Rail transport in Moldova. Main article: Telecommunications in Moldova. This article contains too many pictures, charts or diagrams for its overall length. See the Manual of Style on use of images. September Learn how and when to remove this template message. Main article: Demographics of Moldova. Main articles: Languages of Moldova , Moldovan language , and Romanian language. Religion in Moldova Religion Percent Orthodox. Main article: Religion in Moldova. Main article: Education in Moldova. Main articles: Crime in Moldova and Moldovan bank fraud scandal. Main article: Health in Moldova. Main article: Emigration from Moldova. Main article: Culture of Moldova. Main article: Moldovan cuisine. See also: Moldovan wine. Main article: Music of Moldova. Main article: Public holidays in Moldova. Main article: Sport in Moldova. Moldova portal. He wrote the first geographical, ethnographic and economic description of the country. Associated Press. Retrieved 6 December Law Library of Congress. Retrieved 13 June Constitutional Court of Moldova. Retrieved 18 August Latvian Russian Union. Archived from the original on 18 August The World Bank. Retrieved 9 November United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved 10 December Oxford Dictionaries UK Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 30 January Random House. Retrieved 14 December CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 2 September Republic of Moldova. Archived from the original on 22 December Retrieved 9 October The Moldovans: Romania, Russia, and the politics of culture. Hoover Press. Retrieved 31 October The New York Times. Archived from the original on 20 May Amirkhanov and Dniester valley Moldova by N. Anisjutkin Documenta Praehistorica. 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One Has Finally Resigned'. Retrieved 3 August RIA Novosti. Archived from the original on 19 October Retrieved 25 November Moldova Azi. Guvernul Romaniei. Archived from the original on 8 February European Union External Action. Archived from the original on 7 December Archived from the original on 4 September Retrieved 21 December Moldova and Russia'. United States Department of State. UN Women. Archived from the original PDF on 29 October Retrieved 4 November Government of Moldova. Retrieved 3 February July Accesat la 27 iunie Accesat la 17 martie Government of the Republic of Moldova. Archived from the original on 2 December Retrieved 26 November Council of the European Union. Global Finance Magazine. Monitorul oficial in Romanian. Retrieved 30 October Washington District of Columbia: National Geographic. Retrieved 18 September Demoscope Weekly in Russian. Retrieved 1 September Population: 2. National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. The World Factbook. 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Faroe Islands 1 autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark. Svalbard unincorporated area subject to the Svalbard Treaty. International organizations. Council of Europe. Czechoslovakia — Saar assoc. La Francophonie. Georgia — Ukraine —, defined as not a member by the CIS Charter in Categories : Moldova Landlocked countries Russian-speaking countries and territories Member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States Member states of the Council of Europe Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie Member states of the United Nations Republics Southeastern European countries States and territories established in establishments in Europe Countries in Europe Eastern European countries Romanian-speaking countries and territories. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikinews Wikivoyage. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Flag Coat of arms. Romanian also named Moldovan a \\\[1\\\] \\\[2\\\] \\\[3\\\]. Russian \\\[4\\\] \\\[5\\\] \\\[6\\\]. Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic. Leu MDL. Tiraspol 2. Bender 2. Codru 3. Source: Moldovan Census ; Note: 1. World Gazetteer. Moldova: largest cities National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova. Note: \\\[\\\] \\\[\\\] \\\[\\\] \\\[\\\] \\\[\\\] \\\[\\\]. Moldova \\\[\\\]. Romania \\\[\\\]. Ukraine \\\[\\\]. Population of Rep. Moldova according to ethnic group Censuses — Population of Transnistria according to ethnic group Censuses — Romanian language Moldovan by district Russian Language by district Old Believer. Roman Catholic. Outline Index Category Portal Transnistria topics. Denmark Faroe Islands 1 autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark.
Проверенные и достоверные новости Молдовы сегодня можно прочитать в режиме онлайн на нашем сайте. Главные новости дня в Молдавии на русском.
Мяу-мяу бот телеграмм Балаково
Молдова (Республика Молдова, Молдавия) компактно расположилась между Украиной и Румынией в живописном междуречье Днестра и Прута. Продолжая оставаться преимущественно аграрным государством, эта бывшая союзная республика идеально подходит для путешественников, предпочитающих экономичный туризм и не желающих вникать в бюрократические тонкости – въехать в страну из России можно с одним загранпаспортом.
Молдова на карте мира - схематической или спутниковой. Поиск на карте по адресу или названию населённого пункта.
Гидропоника телеграмм Кемерово