Mexico
MexicoMexico (Spanish: México), is a fascinating country in North America, lying between the United States of America to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast. Its extensive coastlines of more than 10,km include the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Mexico has pleasant and warm weather, unique food, art and archaeology, pyramids, museums, haciendas, superb architecture and 21st century cities, weather from snow mountains in the Sierras, to.
Mexico , country of southern North America and the third largest country in Latin America , after Brazil and Argentina. Mexican society is characterized by extremes of wealth and poverty, with a limited middle class wedged between an elite cadre of landowners and investors on the one hand and masses of rural and urban poor on the other. But in spite of the challenges it faces as a developing country, Mexico is one of the chief economic and political forces in Latin America. As its official name suggests, the Estados Unidos Mexicanos United Mexican States incorporates 31 socially and physically diverse states and the Federal District. More than half of the Mexican people live in the centre of the country, whereas vast areas of the arid north and the tropical south are sparsely settled. Mexico City , the capital, is one of the most populous cities and metropolitan areas in the world. Mexico has experienced a series of economic booms leading to periods of impressive social gains, followed by busts, with significant declines in living standards for the middle and lower classes. In states such as Oaxaca or Chiapas , small communal villages remain where indigenous peasants live much as their ancestors did. In turn, these towns appear as historical relics when compared with the modern metropolis of Mexico City. As the renowned Mexican poet and intellectual Octavio Paz observed,. Past epochs never vanish completely, and blood still drips from all their wounds, even the most ancient. Sometimes the most remote or hostile beliefs and feelings are found together in one city or one soul, or are superimposed like \[pre-Columbian\] pyramids that almost always conceal others. It is this tremendous cultural and economic diversity , distributed over an enormously complex and varied physical environment , that gives Mexico its unique character. Sharing a common border throughout its northern extent with the United States, Mexico is bounded to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean , to the east by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea , and to the southeast by Guatemala and Belize. Including these insular territories, the roughly triangular country covers an area about three times the size of Texas. While it is more than 1, miles 3, km across from northwest to southeast, its width varies from less than miles km at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to more than 1, miles 1, km in the north. These and other Mexican volcanoes are young in geologic terms, from the Paleogene and Neogene periods about 65 to 2. It is in this dynamic and often unstable physical environment that the Mexican people have built their country. The Baja California peninsula in northwestern Mexico is an isolated strip of extremely arid land extending between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California Sea of Cortez. Unevenly divided between the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur , the peninsula is nearly miles 1, km long but seldom more than miles km wide. The gently sloping western side of these mountain ranges is in contrast to the steep eastern escarpment, which makes access from the Gulf of California extremely difficult. The Sonoran Desert extends onto the peninsula along the northern end of the gulf. The Pacific Coastal Lowlands begin near Mexicali and the Colorado River delta in the north and terminate near Tepic , some miles 1, km to the south. For most of that distance, they face the Gulf of California while traversing the states of Sonora , Sinaloa , and Nayarit. Bounded on the east by the steep-sided Sierra Madre Occidental, the lowlands are a series of coastal terraces, mesas, and small basins interspersed with riverine deltas and restricted coastal strips. Although the vast Sonoran Desert dominates their northern section, parts of the lowlands have been irrigated and transformed into highly productive farmland. The largest and most densely populated region is the inland Mexican Plateau , which is flanked by the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental. The Mesa del Norte begins near the U. From there the Mesa Central stretches to a point just south of Mexico City. The plateau tilts gently upward from the north toward the south; at its northern end, the Mesa del Norte is about 4, feet 1, metres above sea level. Throughout the region, relatively flat intermontane basins and bolsones ephemeral interior drainage basins are interrupted by mountainous outcrops. In the north the Chihuahuan Desert covers a section of the plateau that is more extensive than the U. Its southern end rises 7,—9, feet 2,—2, metres in the vicinity of Mexico City. The Mesa Central, moister and generally flatter than the Mesa del Norte, is divided into a series of fairly level intermontane basins separated by eroded volcanic peaks. The largest valleys rarely exceed square miles square km in area, and many others are quite small. Many of the basins were once sites of major lakes that were drained to facilitate European and mestizo settlement. Around Mexico City the weak, structurally unstable soils that remain have caused the colonial-era Metropolitan Cathedral and other buildings to shift on their foundations and, over many years, to list or sink unevenly into the ground. The largely volcanic Sierra Madre Occidental , which forms the western border of the Mexican Plateau, has an average elevation of 8,—9, feet 2,—2, metres and extends roughly miles 1, km from north to south. It has been highly incised by westward-flowing streams that have formed a series of gorges, or barrancas , the most spectacular of which is the complex known as Copper Canyon Barranca del Cobre in southwestern Chihuahua state. The Sierra Madre Oriental , a range of folded mountains formed of shales and limestones, is situated on the eastern side of the Mexican Plateau. Its average elevations are similar to those of the Sierra Madre Occidental, but some peaks rise above 12, feet 3, metres. The mountains have major deposits of copper, lead, and zinc. The region is rich in silver, lead, zinc, copper, and tin deposits. The depression is formed of small, irregular basins interrupted by hilly outcrops, which give the area a distinctive physical landscape. The triangular northern portion of the plain, which is characterized by lagoons and low-lying swampy areas, reaches a width of more than miles km near the U. North of the port of Tampico , an outlier of the Sierra Madre Oriental reaches the sea and interrupts the continuity of the Gulf Coastal Plain. South from there the plain is narrow and irregular, widening at the northern end of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. On their southwestern side, approximately from Puerto Vallarta to the Gulf of Tehuantepec , are a series of relatively low ranges known collectively as the Sierra Madre del Sur. The crystalline mountains, which achieve elevations of 7,—8, feet 2,—2, metres , often reach the sea to create a rugged coastal margin, part of which is known as the Mexican Riviera. Several coastal sites, such as Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo, Acapulco , and Puerto Escondido, have become alluring tourist destinations. However, the less-hospitable inland basins provide a difficult environment for traditional peasant farmers. Farther northeast is the Mesa del Sur, with numerous stream-eroded ridges and small isolated valleys some 4,—5, feet 1,—1, metres above sea level. The picturesque Oaxaca Valley is the largest and most densely settled of these, with a predominantly indigenous population. It is one of the poorest areas of Mexico. Bisecting the Southern Highlands is the Isthmus of Tehuantepec , a low-lying, narrow constriction of land that reaches an elevation of less than feet metres. Its hilly central area descends to narrow coastal plains on the south and to the Tabasco Plain on the north. The Chiapas Highlands are an extension of the mountain ranges of Central America. Within the highlands the low, crystalline Sierra de Soconusco range lies along the Pacific coast. To the northwest and paralleling the coast is the Grijalva River valley. A group of highly dissected, folded, and faulted mountains is located between the valley and the Tabasco Plain, a southeastern extension of the Gulf Coastal Plain. There is little surface drainage, and subterranean erosion has produced caverns and sinkholes cenotes , the latter being formed when cavern roofs collapse. Article Media. Info Print Print. Table Of Contents. Submit Feedback. Thank you for your feedback. Mexico Written By: Gordon R. Willey Ernst C. Griffin Michael C. Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today. Load Next Page. More About. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
МЕ́КСИКА (México), Мексиканские Соединённые Штаты (Estados Unidos Mexicanos). Общие сведения. М. – государство в юго-зап. части Сев. Каменные орудия палеоиндейского и архаического периодов с территории Центральной Мексики (по Х. Гарсии-Барсене). Палеоиндейский период (ок. – / до н. э.). Палеоиндейские памятники М. приблизительно синхронны известным на территории США.
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Mexico , country of southern North America and the third largest country in Latin America , after Brazil and Argentina. Mexican society is characterized by extremes of wealth and poverty, with a limited middle class wedged between an elite cadre of landowners and investors on the one hand and masses of rural and urban poor on the other. But in spite of the challenges it faces as a developing country, Mexico is one of the chief economic and political forces in Latin America. As its official name suggests, the Estados Unidos Mexicanos United Mexican States incorporates 31 socially and physically diverse states and the Federal District. More than half of the Mexican people live in the centre of the country, whereas vast areas of the arid north and the tropical south are sparsely settled. Mexico City , the capital, is one of the most populous cities and metropolitan areas in the world. Mexico has experienced a series of economic booms leading to periods of impressive social gains, followed by busts, with significant declines in living standards for the middle and lower classes. In states such as Oaxaca or Chiapas , small communal villages remain where indigenous peasants live much as their ancestors did. In turn, these towns appear as historical relics when compared with the modern metropolis of Mexico City. As the renowned Mexican poet and intellectual Octavio Paz observed,. Past epochs never vanish completely, and blood still drips from all their wounds, even the most ancient. Sometimes the most remote or hostile beliefs and feelings are found together in one city or one soul, or are superimposed like \\\\[pre-Columbian\\\\] pyramids that almost always conceal others. It is this tremendous cultural and economic diversity , distributed over an enormously complex and varied physical environment , that gives Mexico its unique character. Sharing a common border throughout its northern extent with the United States, Mexico is bounded to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean , to the east by the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea , and to the southeast by Guatemala and Belize. Including these insular territories, the roughly triangular country covers an area about three times the size of Texas. While it is more than 1, miles 3, km across from northwest to southeast, its width varies from less than miles km at the Isthmus of Tehuantepec to more than 1, miles 1, km in the north. These and other Mexican volcanoes are young in geologic terms, from the Paleogene and Neogene periods about 65 to 2. It is in this dynamic and often unstable physical environment that the Mexican people have built their country. The Baja California peninsula in northwestern Mexico is an isolated strip of extremely arid land extending between the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California Sea of Cortez. Unevenly divided between the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur , the peninsula is nearly miles 1, km long but seldom more than miles km wide. The gently sloping western side of these mountain ranges is in contrast to the steep eastern escarpment, which makes access from the Gulf of California extremely difficult. The Sonoran Desert extends onto the peninsula along the northern end of the gulf. The Pacific Coastal Lowlands begin near Mexicali and the Colorado River delta in the north and terminate near Tepic , some miles 1, km to the south. For most of that distance, they face the Gulf of California while traversing the states of Sonora , Sinaloa , and Nayarit. Bounded on the east by the steep-sided Sierra Madre Occidental, the lowlands are a series of coastal terraces, mesas, and small basins interspersed with riverine deltas and restricted coastal strips. Although the vast Sonoran Desert dominates their northern section, parts of the lowlands have been irrigated and transformed into highly productive farmland. The largest and most densely populated region is the inland Mexican Plateau , which is flanked by the Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre Oriental. The Mesa del Norte begins near the U. From there the Mesa Central stretches to a point just south of Mexico City. The plateau tilts gently upward from the north toward the south; at its northern end, the Mesa del Norte is about 4, feet 1, metres above sea level. Throughout the region, relatively flat intermontane basins and bolsones ephemeral interior drainage basins are interrupted by mountainous outcrops. In the north the Chihuahuan Desert covers a section of the plateau that is more extensive than the U. Its southern end rises 7,—9, feet 2,—2, metres in the vicinity of Mexico City. The Mesa Central, moister and generally flatter than the Mesa del Norte, is divided into a series of fairly level intermontane basins separated by eroded volcanic peaks. The largest valleys rarely exceed square miles square km in area, and many others are quite small. Many of the basins were once sites of major lakes that were drained to facilitate European and mestizo settlement. Around Mexico City the weak, structurally unstable soils that remain have caused the colonial-era Metropolitan Cathedral and other buildings to shift on their foundations and, over many years, to list or sink unevenly into the ground. The largely volcanic Sierra Madre Occidental , which forms the western border of the Mexican Plateau, has an average elevation of 8,—9, feet 2,—2, metres and extends roughly miles 1, km from north to south. It has been highly incised by westward-flowing streams that have formed a series of gorges, or barrancas , the most spectacular of which is the complex known as Copper Canyon Barranca del Cobre in southwestern Chihuahua state. The Sierra Madre Oriental , a range of folded mountains formed of shales and limestones, is situated on the eastern side of the Mexican Plateau. Its average elevations are similar to those of the Sierra Madre Occidental, but some peaks rise above 12, feet 3, metres. The mountains have major deposits of copper, lead, and zinc. The region is rich in silver, lead, zinc, copper, and tin deposits. The depression is formed of small, irregular basins interrupted by hilly outcrops, which give the area a distinctive physical landscape. The triangular northern portion of the plain, which is characterized by lagoons and low-lying swampy areas, reaches a width of more than miles km near the U. North of the port of Tampico , an outlier of the Sierra Madre Oriental reaches the sea and interrupts the continuity of the Gulf Coastal Plain. South from there the plain is narrow and irregular, widening at the northern end of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. On their southwestern side, approximately from Puerto Vallarta to the Gulf of Tehuantepec , are a series of relatively low ranges known collectively as the Sierra Madre del Sur. The crystalline mountains, which achieve elevations of 7,—8, feet 2,—2, metres , often reach the sea to create a rugged coastal margin, part of which is known as the Mexican Riviera. Several coastal sites, such as Ixtapa-Zihuatanejo, Acapulco , and Puerto Escondido, have become alluring tourist destinations. However, the less-hospitable inland basins provide a difficult environment for traditional peasant farmers. Farther northeast is the Mesa del Sur, with numerous stream-eroded ridges and small isolated valleys some 4,—5, feet 1,—1, metres above sea level. The picturesque Oaxaca Valley is the largest and most densely settled of these, with a predominantly indigenous population. It is one of the poorest areas of Mexico. Bisecting the Southern Highlands is the Isthmus of Tehuantepec , a low-lying, narrow constriction of land that reaches an elevation of less than feet metres. Its hilly central area descends to narrow coastal plains on the south and to the Tabasco Plain on the north. The Chiapas Highlands are an extension of the mountain ranges of Central America. Within the highlands the low, crystalline Sierra de Soconusco range lies along the Pacific coast. To the northwest and paralleling the coast is the Grijalva River valley. A group of highly dissected, folded, and faulted mountains is located between the valley and the Tabasco Plain, a southeastern extension of the Gulf Coastal Plain. There is little surface drainage, and subterranean erosion has produced caverns and sinkholes cenotes , the latter being formed when cavern roofs collapse. Article Media. Info Print Print. Table Of Contents. Submit Feedback. Thank you for your feedback. Mexico Written By: Gordon R. Willey Ernst C. Griffin Michael C. Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today. Load Next Page. More About. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.
Мехико - столица Мексики. В этом городе сейчас проживают более 9 млн. человек. Историки утверждают, что Мехико основали индейцы-ацтеки в году. Официальный язык. В Мексике один официальный язык – испанский. Религия. Государственное устройство. Согласно действующей Конституции, Мексика – эта президентская республика, в которой главой государства является Президент (он избирается всеобщим голосованием на 6 лет).
Mexico, country of southern North America and the third largest country in Latin America. It is one of the chief economic and political forces in Latin America, with a dynamic industrial base, vast mineral resources, a wide-ranging service sector, and the world’s largest population of Spanish speakers.
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