MP3 Roots of Human Behavior by Barbara J. King english free german bookshop reading

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Book description
This series of taped lectures concerns biological anthropology, which studies human nature in the context of monkeys, apes and the anthropoid ancestors of human beings. The lecture tapes were given to me and recommended by an old friend who argues that we do well to think of ourselves as apes on the African savannah.Though I’m inclined to agree with my friend, I was on the lookout for areas in which conclusions drawn from our ape ancestry might disagree with my current opinions. I was extremely gratified to learn that “Biological anthropologists conclude that arguing for ‘a female nature’ or ‘a male nature’ is inaccurate based on the behavior of our closest anthropoid relatives.” The lecturer is not always consistent, however. She devotes considerable energy to discussing mother-infant bonds, even though she goes on to say that, “In certain cases, grandparent-grandchild and father-infant relationships exist too.”I wonder why one has to distinguish between “mother” and “father” when discussing the parenting or care-giving function. In human society, feminist opinion urges that we no longer distinguish gender when the function is the same. For example, the term “actress” has been replaced by “actor” because gender is irrelevant when talking about acting. But biological anthropology does indicate some asymmetry in gender roles among our anthropoid relatives. At this point in the discussion, I have to fall back on saying that human beings can do what they please (and there is probably an anthropoid basis for that too)!The game of finding anthropoid antecedents is fun. There is a phenomenon called “same sex repulsion” among apes. If a stranger approaches a male-female couple, the female partner will repulse the female stranger and a male partner will repulse a male stranger. This makes sense in terms of sexual rivalry, but it occurs to me that this could also explain all sorts of things, such as xenophobia, homophobia, and racial prejudice, as well as intolerance of infidelity. Responses based upon our anthropoid ancestry are not necessarily functional in today’s world, and may be completely distinct from the rational merits of the case.I frequently find myself wrestling with the consequences of my anthropoid ancestry. The one area that I would like to see investigated more fully, and which the lecturer does not discuss much, is the topic of emotions. We share emotions with our ape relatives, for example fight-or-flight, anger and fear. Humans often offer very detailed, reasoned accounts of their emotions, and yet the same emotions exist in non-verbal, strictly biological forms in our anthropoid ancestors. That is an area in which I especially agree with my old friend that our ape relatives have a lot to teach us.
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