Draw flow net diagram soil mechanics pdf

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in soil mechanics, geotechnical or civil engineering as an initial check for problems of water flow under hydraulic structures like embankments or dams. As such, a grid obtained by drawing a series of equipotential lines and stream or flow lines is called a flow net. In this procedure the Laplace equation principles must be 14.333 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY. Flow Nets. LAPLACE'S EQUATION OF CONTINUITY. Steady-State. Flow around an impervious. Sheet Pile Wall. Consider water flow at Point A: v x. = Discharge Velocity in x Direction v z. = Discharge Velocity in z Direction. Y Direction Out Of Plane. Figure 5.11. Das FGE (2005). the direction of groundwater flow, and equipotentials (lines of constant head), which show the distribution of potential energy. Flow nets are usually constructed through trial-and-error sketching. To construct a flow net: 1. make a two-dimensional scale drawing of the system under consideration (usually a profile, but may be Soil Mechanics. Flow Nets page 4. Let l2 be the distance between the two flow lines. Applying Darcy's law, the velocity in the tube abcd is: v = k . i = k . h / (Nd. l1). The flow passing into abcd, per m width of soil, is : ?qabcd = Area x velocity = l2.1. k .h / (Nd. l1). If we draw the flow net taking l2 = l1 (a "squared" mesh net is Thus the quantity of seepage across total width L of soil medium beneath the dam is given by. Nf Q = q? L = k H ?L (4.5) Nd. Where, N d = Number of equipotential drops, N f = Number of flow channels, k = coefficient of permeability & H = Net hydraulic head 4.3.3 Guidelines for drawing flow nets. Draw to a convenient scale NPTEL- Advanced Geotechnical Engineering. Dept. of Civil 1.2.2 Flow Nets. 1.2.3 Hydraulic Uplift Force under a Structure. 1.2.4 Flow Nets in Anisotropic Material. 1.2.5 Construction of Flow Nets for Hydraulic Structures on .. Draw the flow net for the transformed section plotted in step 4 in the same manner as is done for. A flow net is a 2-D diagram of equipotentials (lines of equal head) and flow lines. They are built from Draw the boundaries of the flow region to scale so that all equipotential lines and lines that are drawn can be Casagrande, A., 1940, Seepage through dams in Contributions to Soil Mechanics: 1925-1940, Boston. Soc. and shape. Next a family of equipotential lines should be drown, making all intersections with flow lines right angles. Then draw one or more intermediate flow lines to establish a trial flow net as shown in Figure 4.4b. If all intersec- tions are right angles, the first trial net will be composed of rectangular figures. Some of the 5-1. 5. FLOW OF WATER THROUGH SOIL. 5.1. FLOW OF WATER IN A PIPE. The flow of water through a rough open pipe may be expressed by means of the Darcy-. Weisbach resistance equation. ?h = f. L. D v2. 2g. (5.1) in which _h is the head loss over a length L of pipe of diameter D. The average velocity of flow is. Graphical Solutions to the Flow Equations. One family of curves are flow lines. Another family of curves are equipotential lines. Boundary Conditions. AB and DE - constant head. BC - atmospheric P - phreatic surface. CD - atmospheric P - seepage face. AE - no-flow. A. B. C. D. E. Basic Assumptions for Drawing a Flow Net:.